Create your own language

The Language Creator generates constructed languages from explicit typological choices, aiming to produce languages that resemble natural human ones in structure and behaviour.

The results include phonology, grammar, glossed examples, dictionaries and sample texts.

The questionnaire comes pre-filled with random values. You can therefore create a language immediately by simply clicking on the Create button there, or customise the settings first.

A sample from Mokh, the latest language generated by the Language Creator:

initial XML:

<s connector="but">
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp tam="past-punct">
    <verb>arise</verb>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <relp>
      <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
        <verb>be</verb>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
        <noun>langname</noun>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur">
            <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
            <noun>language</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </relp>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <np def="indef" number="sing">
      <noun>manner</noun>
      <adj>different</adj>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

cleanup:

<s connector="but">
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
-  <vp tam="past-punct">
-    <verb>arise</verb>
+  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <relp>
-      <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
-        <verb>be</verb>
+      <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
-        <noun>langname</noun>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
-          <np def="def" number="plur">
-            <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
+          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
-            <noun>language</noun>
+          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </relp>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
-    <np def="indef" number="sing">
-      <noun>manner</noun>
-      <adj>different</adj>
+    <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module adj2noun:

<s connector="but">
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <relp>
      <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </relp>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
-    <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+    <np type="owner_owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
+      </np>
+      <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module articles:

<s connector="but">
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <relp>
      <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </relp>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
-      <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
+        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module nonpastonly:

<s connector="but">
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
-  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <relp>
-      <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </relp>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module noepistemic:

<s connector="but">
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <relp>
-      <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </relp>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module embed:

<s connector="but">
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
-    <relp>
+    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
-    </relp>
+    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module sentenceconnectors:

<s connector="but">
+  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module complementise:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <subs>
+      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <subs>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
+    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module constorder:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
    <subs>
-      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
-      </np>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+      </np>
+      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module casemarking:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
-  <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np role="obj">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module addgender:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
-  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
+  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np role="obj">
-        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
-      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module propagatenumber:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np role="obj">
-        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4">
+      <np role="obj" number="plur">
+        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4">
+    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
-  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
+  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np role="obj" number="plur">
+      <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-          <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
-            <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
-          </np>
-          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
-      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module ngen:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
      <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
-      </np>
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <subs>
-      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.4">
        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.4">
-        <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
        <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
        <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
      </vp>
-      <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
      </np>
-      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-      <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3">
+    <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

movedowntoword:

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
-        <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+        <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
      </np>
-      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
-    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
    <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
-      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
+      <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

calling defaultval for subj/
defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing.cl.1
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3.sing.cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3.sing.cl.4
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 1incl.plur
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3.sing.cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.4
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for different/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for different/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for different/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS

<s connector="but">
  <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
  </vp>
  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <subs>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+        <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+        <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+        <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+        <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+        <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+        <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      </vp>
      <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
+        <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+        <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
+        <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+        <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
      </np>
      <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </subs>
  </np>
  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
    <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.3"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
+      <thingy type="detnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.4"/>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
+      <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</s>

flatten:

<s connector="but">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
-  <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
-  <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-  </vp>
-  <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-    <subs>
-      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      </vp>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
-      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
-      </np>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </subs>
-  </np>
-  <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
-    <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
    <thingy type="detnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.4"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</s>

addvocab:

-<s connector="but">
+<s connector="but" translation="">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
-    <thingy type="detnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.4"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC"/>
-    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS"/>
+    <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="&#x272; i&#x330; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɲḭˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="i&#x330;">ḭ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="&#x2C8; k&#x2BC; a p &#xF8;">ˈkʼapø</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="h">h</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="i&#x330;">ḭ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" attach="suffix" ph="s">s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph="a">a</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x2C8; m e">ˈme</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="h">h</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="i&#x330;">ḭ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" attach="suffix" ph="t">t</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="n&#x2E4; &#x259;# &#x2C8; s&#x2E4;">nˤə#ˈsˤ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="i&#x330; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">ḭŋʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS" attach="suffix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="m o &#x2C8; x">moˈx</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="u&#x330; k&#x2B7;">ṵkʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS" attach="suffix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x283; u &#x273; u &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">ʃuɳuˈŋʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t&#x361;s i&#x330; &#x2C8; p">t͡sḭˈp</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC" ph="x&#x2B7; i &#x2C8; f">xʷiˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.3.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="i k&#x2BC;&#x2B7;">ikʼʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="u&#x330;">ṵ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.4" attach="prefix" ph="a">a</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC" ph="&#x2C8; t&#x2E4; i">ˈtˤi</word>
+    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="s">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" ph="t e &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">teˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="u&#x330; k&#x2B7;">ṵkʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS" attach="suffix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
  </flat>
</s>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<s connector="but" translation="">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="&#x272; i&#x330; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɲḭˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="i&#x330;">ḭ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="&#x2C8; k&#x2BC; a p &#xF8;">ˈkʼapø</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="h">h</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="i&#x330;">ḭ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" attach="suffix" ph="s">s</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph="a">a</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x2C8; m e">ˈme</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="h">h</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="i&#x330;">ḭ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" attach="suffix" ph="t">t</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="n&#x2E4; &#x259;# &#x2C8; s&#x2E4;">nˤə#ˈsˤ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="i&#x330; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">ḭŋʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS" attach="suffix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="m o &#x2C8; x">moˈx</word>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="u&#x330; k&#x2B7;">ṵkʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS" attach="suffix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x283; u &#x273; u &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">ʃuɳuˈŋʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t&#x361;s i&#x330; &#x2C8; p">t͡sḭˈp</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC" ph="x&#x2B7; i &#x2C8; f">xʷiˈf</word>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.3.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="i k&#x2BC;&#x2B7;">ikʼʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="u&#x330;">ṵ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.4" attach="prefix" ph="a">a</thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC" ph="&#x2C8; t&#x2E4; i">ˈtˤi</word>
-    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="s">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" ph="t e &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">teˈŋʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="suffix" ph="u&#x330; k&#x2B7;">ṵkʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS" attach="suffix" ph="n&#x2E4;">nˤ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="but" posp="conj">ɲḭˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">ḭ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ˈkʼapø</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">h</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ḭ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ">s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">an</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES">a</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">ˈme</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">h</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ḭ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">t</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">an</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" possessor="1incl.plur">nˤə#ˈsˤ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS">ḭŋʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">i</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS">nˤ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">moˈx</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">ṵkʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">i</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS">nˤ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.3" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">ʃuɳuˈŋʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">t͡sḭˈp</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC">xʷiˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.sing.cl.3.POSS">ikʼʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">ṵ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">nˤ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.4">a</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="3.sing.cl.3" case="LOC">ˈtˤi</word>
+    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" number="sing" def="def" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">teˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">ṵkʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">i</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ABS">nˤ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲḭt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;but&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ḭ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkʼapø&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;arise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-h&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ḭ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.1.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-an&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;a-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈme&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;be&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-h&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ḭ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-an&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnˤə̃sˤ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;language&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ḭŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1incl.plur.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-nˤ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ABS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmox&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;langname&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ṵkʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;no.owner.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-nˤ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ABS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃuˈɳuŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sḭp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in_inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;manner&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ikʼʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.3.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ṵ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;LOC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nˤ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;a-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtˤi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;LOC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈteŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;different&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ṵkʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;no.owner.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-nˤ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ABS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɲḭt͡ɕ ˈfḭkʼapøhḭsan ˈfamehḭtan ˈnˤə̃sˤḭŋʷinˤ ˈmoxṵkʷinˤ ʃuˈɳuŋʷ ˈt͡sḭp ˈxʷifikʼʷṵf ˈnˤatˤis ˈteŋʷṵkʷinˤ</p>
+  <p>ञिःच् फ़िःक़अप्योहिःसन् फ़मेहिःतन् ऩेँस़िःङ्विऩ् मोउःक्विऩ् शुणुङ्व् त्सिःप् ख्विफ़िक़वुःफ़् ऩत़िस् तेङ्वुःक्विऩ्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲḭt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>but</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ḭ-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkʼapø</o>
+      <g>arise</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-h</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ḭ</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-s</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-an</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>a-</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈme</o>
+      <g>be</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-h</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ḭ</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-t</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-an</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnˤə̃sˤ</o>
+      <g>language</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ḭŋʷ</o>
+      <g>1incl.plur.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-i</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-nˤ</o>
+      <g>ABS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmox</o>
+      <g>langname</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ṵkʷ</o>
+      <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-i</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-nˤ</o>
+      <g>ABS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃuˈɳuŋʷ</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sḭp</o>
+      <g>in_inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷif</o>
+      <g>manner</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ikʼʷ</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.3.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ṵ</o>
+      <g>not.def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>LOC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nˤ-</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>a-</o>
+      <g>cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtˤi</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-s</o>
+      <g>LOC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈteŋʷ</o>
+      <g>different</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ṵkʷ</o>
+      <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-i</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-nˤ</o>
+      <g>ABS</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</s>

ञिःच् फ़िःक़अप्योहिःसन् फ़मेहिःतन् ऩेँस़िःङ्विऩ् मोउःक्विऩ् शुणुङ्व् त्सिःप् ख्विफ़िक़वुःफ़् ऩत़िस् तेङ्वुःक्विऩ् ॥

But our language arose in a different way.

Useful pages:

• The language creation questionnaire
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