Create your own language
The Language Creator generates constructed languages from explicit typological choices, aiming to produce languages that resemble natural human ones in structure and behaviour.
The results include phonology, grammar, glossed examples, dictionaries and sample texts.
The questionnaire comes pre-filled with random values. You can therefore create a language immediately by simply clicking on the Create button there, or customise the settings first.
A sample from Elil, the latest language generated by the Language Creator:
initial XML:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> <verb>have</verb> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> <noun>human being</noun> <adj>all</adj> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing"> <noun>earth</noun> <adj>whole</adj> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="neither" number="sing"> <noun>language</noun> <num>one</num> </np> <np def="neither" number="sing"> <noun>dialect</noun> <num>one</num> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module adj2noun:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np role="subj"> + <np type="owner_owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> + </np> + <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np type="owner_owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> + </np> + <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> + </np> </pp> </np> + </np> + </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module articles:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> + <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> - <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> - <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> - <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module propagatenumber:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np role="subj"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np role="subj" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="plur"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> - <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="obj" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="plur"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module simplifynumber:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="plur"> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> + <np role="subj"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> - <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> - <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> - <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="plur"> + <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> - </np> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> - </np> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> + <np def="def" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> + </np> </pp> </np> + <np def="def" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> + </np> <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <conjp conj="and"> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <conjp conj="and"> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <conjp conj="and"> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>flattenconjp:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj" gender="fem"> - <conjp conj="and"> - <np locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> - </conjp> </np> </s>fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np role="subj"> + <np role="subj" gender="fem"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </np> </s>prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" gender="fem"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </np> </s>propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" gender="fem"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="subj"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> </np> - </np> - <np role="obj" gender="fem"> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> - </np> </s>unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="subj"> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> - <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" gender="fem"> - <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> - </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> - </np> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </s>movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOMaddaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for whole/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for whole/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for all/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for all/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> </np> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> </np> </s>flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ iː n">t͡ʃiːn</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="d a t">dat</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="iː ɲ">iːɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɲ o l">ɲol</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC" ph="iː m">iːm</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="i b">ib</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="u h">uh</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t a s">tas</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def" attach="prefix" ph="m">m</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="iː h">iːh</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ u ɲ">ɡuɲ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t a s">tas</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def" attach="prefix" ph="m">m</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="oː t͡ʃ i t i d">oːt͡ʃitid</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> </flat> </s>vowelharmony:
<s translation=""> <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ iː n">t͡ʃiːn</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="d a t">dat</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="iː ɲ">iːɲ</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɲ o l">ɲol</word> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC" ph="iː m">iːm</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="i b">ib</thingy> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="u h">uh</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="u j" underlying="i j">uj</thingy> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t a s">tas</word> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def" attach="prefix" ph="m">m</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="iː h">iːh</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ u ɲ">ɡuɲ</word> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t a s">tas</word> <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def" attach="prefix" ph="m">m</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="oː t͡ʃ i t i d">oːt͡ʃitid</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="oː t͡ʃ u t u d" underlying="oː t͡ʃ i t i d">oːt͡ʃutud</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="u j" underlying="i j">uj</thingy> </flat> </s>removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ iː n">t͡ʃiːn</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="d a t">dat</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="iː ɲ">iːɲ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɲ o l">ɲol</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC" ph="iː m">iːm</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="i b">ib</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="u h">uh</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="u j" underlying="i j">uj</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def" attach="prefix" ph="s">s</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t a s">tas</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def" attach="prefix" ph="m">m</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="iː h">iːh</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="i j">ij</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ u ɲ">ɡuɲ</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t a s">tas</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def" attach="prefix" ph="m">m</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="oː t͡ʃ u t u d" underlying="oː t͡ʃ i t i d">oːt͡ʃutud</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="u j" underlying="i j">uj</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ʃiːn</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">dat</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">iːɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">ij</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">ɲol</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" case="LOC">iːm</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">ib</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">uh</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" underlying="i j">uj</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="def">s</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">iɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">ij</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">tas</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def">m</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">iːh</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">ij</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɡuɲ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">tas</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="prefix" gloss="not.def">m</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" underlying="oː t͡ʃ i t i d">oːt͡ʃutud</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" underlying="i j">uj</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃiːn</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dat</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">s-</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">iːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ij</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲol</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">s-</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">iːm</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ib</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">s-</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">uh</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ij</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">s-</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">iɲ</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ij</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tas</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m-</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">iːh</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ij</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuɲ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tas</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m-</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">oːt͡ʃitid</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ij</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡ʃiːn dat siːɲij ɲol siːmib suhuj siɲij tas miːhij ɡuɲ tas moːt͡ʃutuduj</p> + <p>chiin dat siiñij ñol siimib suhuj siñij tas miihij guñ tas moochutuduj</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃiːn</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dat</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>s-</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>iːɲ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ij</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲol</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>s-</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>iːm</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ib</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>s-</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>uh</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ij</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>s-</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>iɲ</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ij</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tas</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m-</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>iːh</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ij</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuɲ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tas</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m-</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>oːt͡ʃitid</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ij</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>Chiin dat siiñij ñol siimib suhuj siñij tas miihij guñ tas moochutuduj.
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
Useful pages: