A Collection of Texts in Liz
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ </relp>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
+ </relp>
+ </np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </relp> </np> </pp> </np> </relp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <relp> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </relp> </np> </pp> </np> </relp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.11">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10">
+ <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.11" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.11" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.11" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" gender="cl.11" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.11" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
calling defaultval for question/defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
calling defaultval for question/
defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for all/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for whole/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - </subs> - <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - </subs> - <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ ɖ">uˈɖ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="i ˈ ʕ">iˈʕ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number" ph="ɢ u ˈ l">ɢuˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="n o ˈ s">noˈs</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="au ˈ ɽ">auˈɽ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="dˤ au ˈ qʼ">dˤauˈqʼ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ɹˤ au ˈ s">ɹˤauˈs</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="f i tˤ a ˈ b">fitˤaˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ɹˤ au ˈ s">ɹˤauˈs</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ ɖ">uˈɖ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="i ˈ ʕ">iˈʕ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number" ph="ɢ u ˈ l">ɢuˈl</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="n o ˈ s">noˈs</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="au ˈ ɽ">auˈɽ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="dˤ au ˈ qʼ">dˤauˈqʼ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ɹˤ au ˈ s">ɹˤauˈs</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="f i tˤ a ˈ b">fitˤaˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ɹˤ au ˈ s">ɹˤauˈs</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">uˈɖ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="all" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">iˈʕ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" def="def" locus="number">ɢuˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">noˈs</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">auˈɽ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">dˤauˈqʼ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">ɹˤauˈs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">nḭˈl</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">fitˤaˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">ɹˤauˈs</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈuɖ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiʕ</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɢul</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnos</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈauɽ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdˤauqʼ</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnar</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaus</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnḭl</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fiˈtˤab</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaus</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span></p> + <p>ˈzuɖ waɖ ˈziʕ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈɢulis ˈnos ˈzauɽ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈdˤauqʼut ˈnarut ˈɹˤaus ˈnḭl fiˈtˤabut ˈɹˤaus</p> + <p>zurd ward zigħ c̣ages ħgulis nos zaurr c̣ages ḍaugqut narut ɹ̣aus ni’l fiṭabut ɹ̣aus</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈuɖ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiʕ</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɢul</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnos</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈauɽ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdˤauqʼ</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnar</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaus</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnḭl</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fiˈtˤab</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaus</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zurd ward zigħ c̣ages ħgulis nos zaurr c̣ages ḍaugqut narut ɹ̣aus ni’l fiṭabut ɹ̣aus. [ˈzuɖ waɖ ˈziʕ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈɢulis ˈnos ˈzauɽ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈdˤauqʼut ˈnarut ˈɹˤaus ˈnḭl fiˈtˤabut ˈɹˤaus] z- not.Q ˈuɖ have waɖ PAST z- not.Q ˈiʕ all ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈɢul human being -is plur ˈnos in_surface z- not.Q ˈauɽ whole ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈdˤauqʼ earth -ut sing ˈnar language -ut sing ˈɹˤaus one ˈnḭl and fiˈtˤab dialect -ut sing ˈɹˤaus one “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ˈ r i rˤ">iˈrirˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="tˤ y ˈ w">tˤyˈw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner" ph="p ai ˈ m">paiˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ˈ r i rˤ">iˈrirˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="tˤ y ˈ w">tˤyˈw</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner" ph="p ai ˈ m">paiˈm</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">iˈrirˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">tˤyˈw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.6" possessor="no.owner">paiˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈirirˤ</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈtˤyw</span><br><span class="gls">from_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈpaim</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈzirirˤ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈtˤyw ˈpaimut</p> + <p>ziriṛ ward ɹ̣aik ṭüw paimut</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈirirˤ</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈtˤyw</o> + <g>from_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈpaim</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ziriṛ ward ɹ̣aik ṭüw paimut. [ˈzirirˤ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈtˤyw ˈpaimut] z- not.Q ˈirirˤ journey waɖ PAST ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 ˈtˤyw from_inside ˈpaim east -ut sing “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
+ </relp>
+ </np>
</s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </relp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </relp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
calling defaultval for question/defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for wide/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - </subs> - <np role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ˈ ɡ">iˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="e ˈ t">eˈt</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number" ph="j a b ə# ˈ tˤ">jabə#ˈtˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t͡ʃ ø ˈ n">t͡ʃøˈn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="zˤ u ˈ ʔ">zˤuˈʔ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ˈ ɡ">iˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="e ˈ t">eˈt</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number" ph="j a b ə# ˈ tˤ">jabə#ˈtˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t͡ʃ ø ˈ n">t͡ʃøˈn</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="zˤ u ˈ ʔ">zˤuˈʔ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">nḭˈl</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">iˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="wide" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">eˈt</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" locus="number">jabə#ˈtˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">t͡ʃøˈn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">zˤuˈʔ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnḭl</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈet</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jaˈbə̃tˤ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ʃøn</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈzˤuʔ</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈnḭl ˈziɡ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈzet ᵏǀˤaˈɡes jaˈbə̃tˤut ˈt͡ʃøn ˈzˤuʔut</p> + <p>ni’l zig ward ɹ̣aik zet c̣ages yabẽṭut chøn ẓu’ut</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈnḭl</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiɡ</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈet</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jaˈbə̃tˤ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ʃøn</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈzˤuʔ</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ni’l zig ward ɹ̣aik zet c̣ages yabẽṭut chøn ẓu’ut. [ˈnḭl ˈziɡ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈzet ᵏǀˤaˈɡes jaˈbə̃tˤut ˈt͡ʃøn ˈzˤuʔut] ˈnḭl and z- not.Q ˈiɡ find waɖ PAST ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 z- not.Q ˈet wide ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP jaˈbə̃tˤ plain -ut sing ˈt͡ʃøn in_inside ˈzˤuʔ land -ut sing “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s a l y̰ ˈ r">saly̰ˈr</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e ˈ ɹˤ i ʔ">eˈɹˤiʔ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɹ i ˈ j">ɹiˈj</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s a l y̰ ˈ r">saly̰ˈr</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e ˈ ɹˤ i ʔ">eˈɹˤiʔ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɹ i ˈ j">ɹiˈj</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">saly̰ˈr</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">eˈɹˤiʔ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">ɹiˈj</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saˈly̰r</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈeɹˤiʔ</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹij</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>saˈly̰r ˈzeɹˤiʔ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈɹij</p> + <p>salü’r zeɹ̣i’ ward ɹ̣aik ɹiy</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>saˈly̰r</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈeɹˤiʔ</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹij</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Salü’r zeɹ̣i’ ward ɹ̣aik ɹiy. [saˈly̰r ˈzeɹˤiʔ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈɹij] saˈly̰r thus z- not.Q ˈeɹˤiʔ dwell waɖ PAST ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 ˈɹij there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
- </vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- </subs>
- <subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ </subs>
+ <subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ </vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e ˈ d͡ʒ">eˈd͡ʒ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀ ø ˈ s">ᵏǀøˈs</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k u ʕ a̰ ˈ rˤ">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2" ph="o ˈ kʼ">oˈkʼ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ɲ a ɓ">ɲaɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="b u ɓ">buɓ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀ ø ˈ s">ᵏǀøˈs</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k u ʕ a̰ ˈ rˤ">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2" ph="y ˈ t͡sˤ">yˈt͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ɲ a ɓ">ɲaɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="b u ɓ">buɓ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="b i z u ˈ rˤ">bizuˈrˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e ˈ d͡ʒ">eˈd͡ʒ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀ ø ˈ s">ᵏǀøˈs</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k u ʕ a̰ ˈ rˤ">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2" ph="o ˈ kʼ">oˈkʼ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ɲ a ɓ">ɲaɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="b u ɓ">buɓ</thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀ ø ˈ s">ᵏǀøˈs</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k u ʕ a̰ ˈ rˤ">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2" ph="y ˈ t͡sˤ">yˈt͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ɲ a ɓ">ɲaɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="b u ɓ">buɓ</thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl" ph="b i z u ˈ rˤ">bizuˈrˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">eˈd͡ʒ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">ᵏǀøˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">oˈkʼ</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">ɲaɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ">buɓ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">nḭˈl</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" possessor="no.owner">ᵏǀøˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.cl.2">yˈt͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">ɲaɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ">buɓ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">bizuˈrˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈed͡ʒ</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵏǀøs</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kuˈʕa̰rˤ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲaɓ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">buɓ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnḭl</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵏǀøs</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kuˈʕa̰rˤ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈyt͡sˤ</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲaɓ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">buɓ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">biˈzurˤ</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>ˈzed͡ʒ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈᵏǀøs kuˈʕa̰rˤis ˈzokʼ ɲaɓ buɓ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈnḭl ˈᵏǀøs kuˈʕa̰rˤis ˈzyt͡sˤ ɲaɓ buɓ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes biˈzurˤ</p> + <p>zej ward ɹ̣aik cøs kugħa’ṛis zogk ñabb bubb c̣ages ni’l cøs kugħa’ṛis zütẓ ñabb bubb c̣ages bizuṛ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈed͡ʒ</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵏǀøs</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kuˈʕa̰rˤ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈokʼ</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲaɓ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>buɓ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnḭl</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵏǀøs</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kuˈʕa̰rˤ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈyt͡sˤ</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲaɓ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>buɓ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>biˈzurˤ</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zej ward ɹ̣aik cøs kugħa’ṛis zogk ñabb bubb c̣ages ni’l cøs kugħa’ṛis zütẓ ñabb bubb c̣ages bizuṛ. [ˈzed͡ʒ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ˈᵏǀøs kuˈʕa̰rˤis ˈzokʼ ɲaɓ buɓ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈnḭl ˈᵏǀøs kuˈʕa̰rˤis ˈzyt͡sˤ ɲaɓ buɓ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes biˈzurˤ] z- not.Q ˈed͡ʒ say waɖ PAST ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 ˈᵏǀøs 1incl.plur kuˈʕa̰rˤ brick -is plur z- not.Q ˈokʼ make ɲaɓ imperative buɓ 1incl.plur.SUBJ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈnḭl and ˈᵏǀøs 1incl.plur kuˈʕa̰rˤ brick -is plur z- not.Q ˈyt͡sˤ burn ɲaɓ imperative buɓ 1incl.plur.SUBJ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP biˈzurˤ thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ ɖ">uˈɖ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k u ʕ a̰ ˈ rˤ">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɓ a̰ n y ˈ f">ɓa̰nyˈf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="j au ˈ ɹˤ">jauˈɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ ɖ">uˈɖ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k u ʕ a̰ ˈ rˤ">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɓ a̰ n y ˈ f">ɓa̰nyˈf</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="j au ˈ ɹˤ">jauˈɹˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">uˈɖ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">kuʕa̰ˈrˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">ɓa̰nyˈf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">jauˈɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈuɖ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kuˈʕa̰rˤ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa̰ˈnyf</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjauɹˤ</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈzuɖ waɖ ˈɹˤaik kuˈʕa̰rˤut ɓa̰ˈnyf ˈjauɹˤut</p> + <p>zurd ward ɹ̣aik kugħa’ṛut bba’nüf yauɹ̣ut</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈuɖ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kuˈʕa̰rˤ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa̰ˈnyf</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjauɹˤ</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zurd ward ɹ̣aik kugħa’ṛut bba’nüf yauɹ̣ut. [ˈzuɖ waɖ ˈɹˤaik kuˈʕa̰rˤut ɓa̰ˈnyf ˈjauɹˤut] z- not.Q ˈuɖ have waɖ PAST ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 kuˈʕa̰rˤ brick -ut sing ɓa̰ˈnyf PURP ˈjauɹˤ stone -ut sing “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ ɖ">uˈɖ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖ i z ø ˈ nˤ">ɖizøˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɓ a̰ n y ˈ f">ɓa̰nyˈf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʼ i d͡ʒ au ˈ r">kʼid͡ʒauˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ ɖ">uˈɖ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖ i z ø ˈ nˤ">ɖizøˈnˤ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="y t" underlying="u t">yt</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɓ a̰ n y ˈ f">ɓa̰nyˈf</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʼ i d͡ʒ au ˈ r">kʼid͡ʒauˈr</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ ɖ">uˈɖ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖ i z ø ˈ nˤ">ɖizøˈnˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="y t" underlying="u t">yt</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɓ a̰ n y ˈ f">ɓa̰nyˈf</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʼ i d͡ʒ au ˈ r">kʼid͡ʒauˈr</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">nḭˈl</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">uˈɖ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ɖizøˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="u t">yt</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">ɓa̰nyˈf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">kʼid͡ʒauˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnḭl</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈuɖ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖiˈzønˤ</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa̰ˈnyf</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼiˈd͡ʒaur</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈnḭl ˈzuɖ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ɖiˈzønˤyt ɓa̰ˈnyf kʼiˈd͡ʒaurut</p> + <p>ni’l zurd ward ɹ̣aik rdizøṇüt bba’nüf gkijaurut</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈnḭl</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈuɖ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖiˈzønˤ</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa̰ˈnyf</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼiˈd͡ʒaur</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ni’l zurd ward ɹ̣aik rdizøṇüt bba’nüf gkijaurut. [ˈnḭl ˈzuɖ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ɖiˈzønˤyt ɓa̰ˈnyf kʼiˈd͡ʒaurut] ˈnḭl and z- not.Q ˈuɖ have waɖ PAST ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 ɖiˈzønˤ slime -ut sing ɓa̰ˈnyf PURP kʼiˈd͡ʒaur mortar -ut sing “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
+ </relp>
+ </np>
</s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10">
+ <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
calling defaultval for question/defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for other/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - </subs> - <np role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="o ˈ t͡ʃ a m">oˈt͡ʃam</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k a r">kar</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀ ø ˈ s">ᵏǀøˈs</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="y ˈ sˤ">yˈsˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɢ u ˈ l">ɢuˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="o ˈ t͡ʃ a m">oˈt͡ʃam</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k a r">kar</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀ ø ˈ s">ᵏǀøˈs</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="y ˈ sˤ">yˈsˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɢ u ˈ l">ɢuˈl</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">oˈt͡ʃam</word> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">kar</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.10" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ᵏǀøˈs</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="other" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">yˈsˤ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="obj" number="plur" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" tr="rheme" locus="number">ɢuˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈot͡ʃam</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kar</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵏǀøs</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈysˤ</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɢul</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ˈzot͡ʃam kar ˈᵏǀøs ˈzysˤ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈɢulis</p> + <p>zocham kar cøs züṣ c̣ages ħgulis</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈot͡ʃam</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kar</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵏǀøs</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈysˤ</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɢul</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zocham kar cøs züṣ c̣ages ħgulis. [ˈzot͡ʃam kar ˈᵏǀøs ˈzysˤ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈɢulis] z- not.Q ˈot͡ʃam resemble kar NEG ˈᵏǀøs 1incl.plur z- not.Q ˈysˤ other ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈɢul human being -is plur “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> </np> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.10" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e ˈ ʕ ḭ t͡sˤ">eˈʕḭt͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʼ ḛ ˈ ɢ">kʼḛˈɢ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɓ e ˈ d">ɓeˈd</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10.POSS" ph="dˤ u nˤ">dˤunˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e ˈ ʕ ḭ t͡sˤ">eˈʕḭt͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʼ ḛ ˈ ɢ">kʼḛˈɢ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɓ e ˈ d">ɓeˈd</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10.POSS" ph="dˤ u nˤ">dˤunˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">eˈʕḭt͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">kʼḛˈɢ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">nḭˈl</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">ɓeˈd</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="theme">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10.POSS">dˤunˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈeʕḭt͡sˤ</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼḛɢ</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnḭl</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɓed</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnar</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈzeʕḭt͡sˤ waɖ ˈkʼḛɢut ˈnḭl ˈɓedut ˈɹˤaik ˈnaris dˤunˤ</p> + <p>zegħi’tẓ ward gke’ħgut ni’l bbedut ɹ̣aik naris ḍuṇ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈeʕḭt͡sˤ</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼḛɢ</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnḭl</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɓed</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnar</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤunˤ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10.POSS</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zegħi’tẓ ward gke’ħgut ni’l bbedut ɹ̣aik naris ḍuṇ. [ˈzeʕḭt͡sˤ waɖ ˈkʼḛɢut ˈnḭl ˈɓedut ˈɹˤaik ˈnaris dˤunˤ] z- not.Q ˈeʕḭt͡sˤ shape waɖ PAST ˈkʼḛɢ fight -ut sing ˈnḭl and ˈɓed time -ut sing ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 ˈnar language -is plur dˤunˤ 3.plur.cl.10.POSS “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.6">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.6"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> </np> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.6">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ˈ qʼ i qʼ">iˈqʼiqʼ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ɹ a rˤ a ˈ t͡ʃ">ɹarˤaˈt͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="m e ˈ l">meˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme" ph="nˤ ḛ ˈ ɢ">nˤḛˈɢ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10.POSS" ph="dˤ u nˤ">dˤunˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ˈ qʼ i qʼ">iˈqʼiqʼ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɹˤ ai ˈ k">ɹˤaiˈk</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ɹ a rˤ a ˈ t͡ʃ">ɹarˤaˈt͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="m e ˈ l">meˈl</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme" ph="nˤ ḛ ˈ ɢ">nˤḛˈɢ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10.POSS" ph="dˤ u nˤ">dˤunˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">iˈqʼiqʼ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.10" gloss="3.plur.cl.10" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɹˤaiˈk</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">ɹarˤaˈt͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">nḭˈl</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">meˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.plur.cl.10" tr="rheme">nˤḛˈɢ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">is</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.10.POSS">dˤunˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiqʼiqʼ</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɹˤaik</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɹaˈrˤat͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnḭl</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmel</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnˤḛɢ</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.10.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈziqʼiqʼ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ɹaˈrˤat͡ʃis ˈnḭl ˈmelis ˈnˤḛɢis dˤunˤ</p> + <p>zigqigq ward ɹ̣aik ɹaṛachis ni’l melis ṇe’ħgis ḍuṇ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiqʼiqʼ</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɹˤaik</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɹaˈrˤat͡ʃ</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnḭl</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmel</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnˤḛɢ</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤunˤ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.10.POSS</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zigqigq ward ɹ̣aik ɹaṛachis ni’l melis ṇe’ħgis ḍuṇ. [ˈziqʼiqʼ waɖ ˈɹˤaik ɹaˈrˤat͡ʃis ˈnḭl ˈmelis ˈnˤḛɢis dˤunˤ] z- not.Q ˈiqʼiqʼ copy waɖ PAST ˈɹˤaik 3.plur.cl.10 ɹaˈrˤat͡ʃ mammal -is plur ˈnḭl and ˈmel bird -is plur ˈnˤḛɢ sound -is plur dˤunˤ 3.plur.cl.10.POSS “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module adj2verb:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ </relp>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> </np> </relp> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module RelN:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
+ </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module complementise:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
- </vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ </vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<subs>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for question/defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for different/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - </subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> - </subs> - <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ɽ au ˈ r">ɽauˈr</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ kʼ a nˤ">uˈkʼanˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="j a ʈ">jaʈ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11" ph="ai ˈ qʼ">aiˈqʼ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA" ph="l i ˈ z">liˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡ʃ ø ˈ n">t͡ʃøˈn</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ai ˈ ʕ">aiˈʕ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="nˤ au ˈ m">nˤauˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ɽ au ˈ r">ɽauˈr</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ˈ kʼ a nˤ">uˈkʼanˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="j a ʈ">jaʈ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11" ph="ai ˈ qʼ">aiˈqʼ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA" ph="l i ˈ z">liˈz</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡ʃ ø ˈ n">t͡ʃøˈn</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ai ˈ ʕ">aiˈʕ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="nˤ au ˈ m">nˤauˈm</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">ɽauˈr</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">uˈkʼanˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS">jaʈ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">aiˈqʼ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" case="STA">liˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">t͡ʃøˈn</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="different" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">aiˈʕ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">nˤauˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɽaur</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈukʼanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnar</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jaʈ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaiqʼ</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈliz</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ʃøn</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaiʕ</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnˤaum</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈɽaur ˈzukʼanˤ waɖ ˈnarut jaʈ ˈzaiqʼ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈlizut ˈt͡ʃøn ˈzaiʕ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈnˤaumut</p> + <p>rraur zugkaṇ ward narut yart zaigq c̣ages lizut chøn zaigħ c̣ages ṇaumut</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈɽaur</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈukʼanˤ</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnar</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jaʈ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaiqʼ</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈliz</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ʃøn</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaiʕ</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnˤaum</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Rraur zugkaṇ ward narut yart zaigq c̣ages lizut chøn zaigħ c̣ages ṇaumut. [ˈɽaur ˈzukʼanˤ waɖ ˈnarut jaʈ ˈzaiqʼ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈlizut ˈt͡ʃøn ˈzaiʕ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈnˤaumut] ˈɽaur but z- not.Q ˈukʼanˤ arise waɖ PAST ˈnar language -ut sing jaʈ 1incl.plur.POSS z- not.Q ˈaiqʼ be ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈliz langname -ut sing ˈt͡ʃøn in_inside z- not.Q ˈaiʕ different ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈnˤaum manner -ut sing “But Liz, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module adj2verb:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/>
+ </relp>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/>
+ </relp>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ </relp>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/>
</relp>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/>
</relp>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/> </relp> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/> </relp> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> </np> </relp> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing"/>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="sing">
+ </subs>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
+ <np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing"/>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing"/>
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> - <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/> + <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> - <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/> + <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for question/defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
calling defaultval for question/
defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
calling defaultval for question/
defaultval: verb, question
returning not.Q
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for whole/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for perfect/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for single/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - </subs> - <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - </subs> - <np role="subj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> - </subs> - <np role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="y ˈ ɓ a t">yˈɓat</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ a̰ ˈ ɓ">ʈa̰ˈɓ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="au ˈ ɽ">auˈɽ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="a̰ ˈ t͡ʃ a̰ ʔ">a̰ˈt͡ʃa̰ʔ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡ʃ ø ˈ n">t͡ʃøˈn</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ə# ˈ l">ə#ˈl</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="b i sˤ y̰ ˈ f">bisˤy̰ˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="y ˈ ɓ a t">yˈɓat</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ a̰ ˈ ɓ">ʈa̰ˈɓ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="au ˈ ɽ">auˈɽ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="a̰ ˈ t͡ʃ a̰ ʔ">a̰ˈt͡ʃa̰ʔ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡ʃ ø ˈ n">t͡ʃøˈn</word>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ə# ˈ l">ə#ˈl</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="b i sˤ y̰ ˈ f">bisˤy̰ˈf</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="y t" underlying="u t">yt</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="y ˈ ɓ a t">yˈɓat</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ a̰ ˈ ɓ">ʈa̰ˈɓ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="au ˈ ɽ">auˈɽ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ ˈ l">nḭˈl</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="a̰ ˈ t͡ʃ a̰ ʔ">a̰ˈt͡ʃa̰ʔ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡ʃ ø ˈ n">t͡ʃøˈn</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ə# ˈ l">ə#ˈl</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵏǀˤ a ɡ e ˈ s">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="b i sˤ y̰ ˈ f">bisˤy̰ˈf</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="y t" underlying="u t">yt</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">yˈɓat</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʈa̰ˈɓ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="whole" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">auˈɽ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" gender="cl.9" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">nḭˈl</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="perfect" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">a̰ˈt͡ʃa̰ʔ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">t͡ʃøˈn</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="single" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">ə#ˈl</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">ᵏǀˤaɡeˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="subj" number="sing" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">bisˤy̰ˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="u t">yt</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈyɓat</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʈa̰ɓ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.11</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈauɽ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnḭl</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈa̰t͡ʃa̰ʔ</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ʃøn</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">biˈsˤy̰f</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈzyɓat waɖ ˈʈa̰ɓ ˈzauɽ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈnḭl ˈza̰t͡ʃa̰ʔ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈt͡ʃøn ˈzə̃l ᵏǀˤaˈɡes biˈsˤy̰fyt</p> + <p>zübbat ward rta’bb zaurr c̣ages ni’l za’cha’’ c̣ages chøn zẽl c̣ages biṣü’füt</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈyɓat</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʈa̰ɓ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.11</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈauɽ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnḭl</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈa̰t͡ʃa̰ʔ</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ʃøn</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈə̃l</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀˤaˈɡes</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>biˈsˤy̰f</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zübbat ward rta’bb zaurr c̣ages ni’l za’cha’’ c̣ages chøn zẽl c̣ages biṣü’füt [ˈzyɓat waɖ ˈʈa̰ɓ ˈzauɽ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈnḭl ˈza̰t͡ʃa̰ʔ ᵏǀˤaˈɡes ˈt͡ʃøn ˈzə̃l ᵏǀˤaˈɡes biˈsˤy̰fyt] z- not.Q ˈyɓat appear waɖ PAST ˈʈa̰ɓ 3.sing.cl.11 z- not.Q ˈauɽ whole ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈnḭl and z- not.Q ˈa̰t͡ʃa̰ʔ perfect ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP ˈt͡ʃøn in_inside z- not.Q ˈə̃l single ᵏǀˤaˈɡes COMP biˈsˤy̰f breath -ut sing “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.11">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="o ˈ d i zˤ">oˈdizˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k a r">kar</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="j a ʈ">jaʈ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="o ˈ d i zˤ">oˈdizˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k a r">kar</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA" ph="n a ˈ r">naˈr</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="j a ʈ">jaʈ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">oˈdizˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">kar</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" case="STA">naˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS">jaʈ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈodizˤ</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kar</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnar</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jaʈ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈzodizˤ waɖ kar ˈnarut jaʈ</p> + <p>zodiẓ ward kar narut yart</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈodizˤ</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kar</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnar</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jaʈ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zodiẓ ward kar narut yart. [ˈzodizˤ waɖ kar ˈnarut jaʈ] z- not.Q ˈodizˤ evolve waɖ PAST kar NEG ˈnar language -ut sing jaʈ 1incl.plur.POSS “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="au ˈ sˤ u ɹˤ">auˈsˤuɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ a̰ ˈ ɓ">ʈa̰ˈɓ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="z">z</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="au ˈ sˤ u ɹˤ">auˈsˤuɹˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a ɖ">waɖ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ a̰ ˈ ɓ">ʈa̰ˈɓ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">z</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">auˈsˤuɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">waɖ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.11" gloss="3.sing.cl.11" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" possessor="no.owner">ʈa̰ˈɓ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">z-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈausˤuɹˤ</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɖ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʈa̰ɓ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.11</span></span></p> + <p>ˈzausˤuɹˤ waɖ ˈʈa̰ɓ</p> + <p>zauṣuɹ̣ ward rta’bb</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>z-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈausˤuɹˤ</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɖ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʈa̰ɓ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.11</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zauṣuɹ̣ ward rta’bb. [ˈzausˤuɹˤ waɖ ˈʈa̰ɓ] z- not.Q ˈausˤuɹˤ create waɖ PAST ˈʈa̰ɓ 3.sing.cl.11 “It was created.” | (14) |
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