A Collection of Texts in Yof
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ a r">ɲar</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ e b">ɲeb</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="t͡ʃ i m">t͡ʃim</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m ə# n">mə#n</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="w a s+k">wask</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʔ aː">ʔaː</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="t e f">tef</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʔ aː">ʔaː</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="s i n au n">sinaun</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ a r">ɲar</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ e b">ɲeb</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="t͡ʃ i m">t͡ʃim</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m ə# n">mə#n</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="w a s+k">wask</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʔ aː">ʔaː</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="t e f">tef</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʔ aː">ʔaː</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="s i n au n">sinaun</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">ɲar</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">ɲeb</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">t͡ʃim</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">mə#n</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">wask</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">ʔaː</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">tef</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">ʔaː</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">sinaun</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲar</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">u-</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲeb</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃim</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mə̃n</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wask</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔaː</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷauf</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tef</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔaː</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sinaun</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>was t͡ʃiŋʷ ɲar duɲebis t͡ʃim mə̃n diwaskis ʔaː diɡʷaufiŋʷ tef ʔaː disinauniŋʷ</p> + <p>was chingw ñar duñebis chim mẽn diwaskis qaa digwaufingw tef qaa disinauningw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲar</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>u-</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲeb</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃim</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mə̃n</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wask</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔaː</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷauf</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tef</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔaː</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sinaun</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ u ɡʷ a">ɡuɡʷa</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="b e n">ben</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="s+p o r">spor</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ u ɡʷ a">ɡuɡʷa</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="b e n">ben</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="s+p o r">spor</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɡuɡʷa</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">waul</word> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">ben</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">spor</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuɡʷa</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ben</span><br><span class="gls">from_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">spor</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span></p> + <p>was ɡuɡʷaŋʷ waul ben disporis</p> + <p>was gugwangw waul ben disporis</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuɡʷa</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ben</o> + <g>from_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>spor</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="t e f">tef</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="u n">un</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="f au ŋ">fauŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="k a f ɔi ŋʷ">kafɔiŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="m a s">mas</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="u n">un</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="b a t͡ʃ">bat͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="t e f">tef</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="u n">un</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="f au ŋ">fauŋ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="k a f ɔi ŋʷ">kafɔiŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="m a s">mas</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="u n">un</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="b a t͡ʃ">bat͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">tef</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʔi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">waul</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc">kʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">un</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">fauŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">kafɔiŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">mas</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc">kʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">un</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">bat͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tef</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔi</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷ-</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">un</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kafɔiŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mas</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷ-</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">un</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bat͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>tef was ʔiŋʷ waul kʷun fauŋ dikafɔiŋʷiŋʷ mas kʷun dibat͡ʃiŋʷ</p> + <p>tef was qingw waul quun faung dikafɔingwingw mas quun dibachingw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>tef</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔi</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷ-</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>un</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fauŋ</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kafɔiŋʷ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mas</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷ-</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>un</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bat͡ʃ</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="ɡ u n aː l">ɡunaːl</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʷ a p eː">kʷapeː</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɡʷ aː ŋ">ɡʷaːŋ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="ɡ u n aː l">ɡunaːl</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʷ a p eː">kʷapeː</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɡʷ aː ŋ">ɡʷaːŋ</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">ɡunaːl</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kʷapeː</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">waul</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">ɡʷaːŋ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡunaːl</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷapeː</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaːŋ</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>ɡunaːl was kʷapeːŋʷ waul ɡʷaːŋ</p> + <p>gunaal was quapeengw waul gwaang</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡunaːl</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷapeː</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaːŋ</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
submodule transform_verb_obj
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
- </np>
</subs>
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ </subs>
+ <subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- </subs>
- <subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing">
+ <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n ə#">nə#</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="ʔ i ʔ ai t͡ʃ">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="u t͡s u">ut͡su</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="j a s">jas</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="b a t e l">batel</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="t e f">tef</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc" ph="ɲ au">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="j a s">jas</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="l">l</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="ʔ i ʔ ai t͡ʃ">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="b a t e l">batel</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="m a n u">manu</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n ə#">nə#</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="ʔ i ʔ ai t͡ʃ">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="u t͡s u">ut͡su</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="j a s">jas</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="b a t e l">batel</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="t e f">tef</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc" ph="ɲ au">ɲau</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="j a s">jas</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="l">l</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="ʔ i ʔ ai t͡ʃ">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="b a t e l">batel</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl" ph="m a n u">manu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">nə#</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">waul</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kʷim</word> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">ut͡su</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">jas</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl">batel</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl">tef</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kʷim</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur.masc">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">jas</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">l</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl">batel</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1incl">manu</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nə̃</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷim</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ut͡su</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jas</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">batel</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tef</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷim</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲau</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jas</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">l-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">u-</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">batel</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">manu</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>was nə̃ŋʷ waul kʷim ʔiʔait͡ʃut͡suŋʷ jas batel tef kʷim ɲauŋʷ jas luʔiʔait͡ʃiŋʷ batel manu</p> + <p>was nẽngw waul quim qiqaichutzungw jas batel tef quim ñaungw jas luqiqaichingw batel manu</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>nə̃</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷim</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔiʔait͡ʃ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ut͡su</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jas</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>batel</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tef</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷim</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲau</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jas</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>l-</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>u-</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔiʔait͡ʃ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>batel</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>manu</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ʔ i ʔ ai t͡ʃ">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="t͡s a l o ŋ">t͡saloŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="s+p ə# d">spə#d</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ʔ i ʔ ai t͡ʃ">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="t͡s a l o ŋ">t͡saloŋ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="s+p ə# d">spə#d</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">t͡saloŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">spə#d</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔiʔait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡saloŋ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">spə̃d</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>was t͡ʃiŋʷ waul diʔiʔait͡ʃiŋʷ t͡saloŋ dispə̃diŋʷ</p> + <p>was chingw waul diqiqaichingw tzalong dispẽdingw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔiʔait͡ʃ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡saloŋ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>spə̃d</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="t e f">tef</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t u n au s">tunaus</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="t͡s a l o ŋ">t͡saloŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="d i t͡ʃ aː w">dit͡ʃaːw</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="t e f">tef</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t u n au s">tunaus</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="t͡s a l o ŋ">t͡saloŋ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="d i t͡ʃ aː w">dit͡ʃaːw</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">tef</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">tunaus</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">t͡saloŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">dit͡ʃaːw</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tef</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tunaus</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡saloŋ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dit͡ʃaːw</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>tef was t͡ʃiŋʷ waul ditunausiŋʷ t͡saloŋ didit͡ʃaːwiŋʷ</p> + <p>tef was chingw waul ditunausingw tzalong didichaawingw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>tef</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tunaus</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡saloŋ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dit͡ʃaːw</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Was chingw ñar duñebis chim mẽn diwaskis qaa digwaufingw tef qaa disinauningw. Was gugwangw waul ben disporis, tef was qingw waul quun faung dikafɔingwingw mas quun dibachingw, gunaal was quapeengw waul gwaang. Was nẽngw waul quim qiqaichutzungw jas batel tef quim ñaungw jas luqiqaichingw batel manu. Was chingw waul diqiqaichingw tzalong dispẽdingw, tef was chingw waul ditunausingw tzalong didichaawingw.
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech. And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there. And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
A Creation Myth
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="b i r i">biri</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f u r">fur</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ a m">t͡ʃam</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ e b">ɲeb</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="b i r i">biri</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f u r">fur</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ a m">t͡ʃam</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ e b">ɲeb</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">biri</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">fur</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">kʷim</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">t͡ʃam</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">ɲeb</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">biri</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fur</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷim</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃam</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">u-</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲeb</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>biriŋʷ fur kʷim t͡ʃam duɲebiŋʷ</p> + <p>biringw fur quim cham duñebingw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>biri</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fur</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷim</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃam</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>u-</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲeb</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" gender="masc"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l a w i">lawi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="n iː k">niːk</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="t e f">tef</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="m ə# ɡʷ">mə#ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l a w i">lawi</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="n iː k">niːk</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="t e f">tef</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="m ə# ɡʷ">mə#ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">lawi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">niːk</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">tef</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">mə#ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lawi</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">niːk</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tef</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mə̃ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">u-</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷauf</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span></p> + <p>was lawiŋʷ diniːkiŋʷ tef dimə̃ɡʷiŋʷ waul duɡʷaufis</p> + <p>was lawingw diniikingw tef dimẽgwingw waul dugwaufis</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lawi</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>niːk</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tef</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mə̃ɡʷ</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>u-</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷauf</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" gender="masc"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f u ʃ a">fuʃa</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="j">j</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="f a s+p a ɲ">faspaɲ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem" ph="t e f">tef</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="j">j</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="p aː t͡ʃ">paːt͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme" ph="b a l">bal</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f u ʃ a">fuʃa</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="w au l">waul</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="j">j</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="f a s+p a ɲ">faspaɲ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem" ph="t e f">tef</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="j">j</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="p aː t͡ʃ">paːt͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme" ph="b a l">bal</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">fuʃa</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="fem" gloss="3.plur.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">waul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">j</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">faspaɲ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="fem">tef</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">j</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" case="GEN">paːt͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">u</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme">bal</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fuʃa</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waul</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">j-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">u-</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faspaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tef</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">j-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">u-</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">paːt͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">u-</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bal</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span></p> + <p>was fuʃaŋʷ waul jufaspaɲiŋʷ tef jupaːt͡ʃiŋʷ dubalis</p> + <p>was fushangw waul jufaspañingw tef jupaachingw dubalis</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fuʃa</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waul</o> + <g>3.plur.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>j-</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>u-</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faspaɲ</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tef</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>j-</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>u-</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>paːt͡ʃ</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>u-</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bal</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module NRel:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ </np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
+ <np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" case="NOM">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+ <np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" comma="after"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> - </relp> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ŋ aː l">ŋaːl</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j u l a">jula</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="j o f">jof</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc" ph="d aː">daː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc" ph="t aː">taː</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" comma="after" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="m a s">mas</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="t͡ʃ">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="u n">un</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɡ u l">ɡul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="f a ŋʷ">faŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ŋ aː l">ŋaːl</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j u l a">jula</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="j o f">jof</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc" ph="d aː">daː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc" ph="t aː">taː</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" comma="after" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="m a s">mas</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="t͡ʃ">t͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="u n">un</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɡ u l">ɡul</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="f a ŋʷ">faŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">ŋaːl</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">jula</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">jof</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is,</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="masc">daː</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.masc">taː</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">kʷim</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" comma="after">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is,</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">mas</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">un</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">ɡul</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">faŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋaːl</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jula</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jof</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">daː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">taː</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷim</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷauf</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mas</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃ-</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">un</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡul</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>ŋaːl was julaŋʷ dijofis, daː taːŋʷ kʷim diɡʷaufis, mas t͡ʃun ɡul difaŋʷiŋʷ</p> + <p>ngaal was julangw dijofis, daa taangw quim digwaufis, mas chun gul difangwingw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋaːl</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jula</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jof</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>daː</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>taː</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷim</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷauf</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mas</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃ-</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>un</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡul</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faŋʷ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/> </np> <np role="pred" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" number="plur"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="b a t ɔi">batɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="h eː">heː</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="m ə# n">mə#n</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="t e f">tef</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ʃ u t͡ʃ e n">ʃut͡ʃen</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="m a s">mas</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="t͡ʃ">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="u n">un</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t e r">ter</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ u p au kʷ">t͡ʃupaukʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="b a t ɔi">batɔi</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="h eː">heː</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="m ə# n">mə#n</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="t e f">tef</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ʃ u t͡ʃ e n">ʃut͡ʃen</word> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="m a s">mas</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="t͡ʃ">t͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="u n">un</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t e r">ter</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ u p au kʷ">t͡ʃupaukʷ</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="i ŋʷ">iŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">batɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">heː</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">mə#n</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur">tef</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">ʃut͡ʃen</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">mas</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">un</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">ter</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">t͡ʃupaukʷ</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">iŋʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">batɔi</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">heː</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mə̃n</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tef</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃut͡ʃen</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mas</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃ-</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">un</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ter</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃupaukʷ</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>was batɔiŋʷ heː mə̃n tef ʃut͡ʃen mas t͡ʃun ter dit͡ʃupaukʷiŋʷ</p> + <p>was batɔingw hee mẽn tef shuchen mas chun ter dichupauquingw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>batɔi</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>heː</o> + <g>3.sing.masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mə̃n</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tef</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃut͡ʃen</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mas</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃ-</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>un</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ter</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃupaukʷ</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iŋʷ</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur" gender="masc"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i l aː">hilaː</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f u r">fur</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i l aː">hilaː</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f u r">fur</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="kʷ i m">kʷim</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM" ph="ɡʷ au f">ɡʷauf</word> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">hilaː</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">fur</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="fem" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">kʷim</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing">i</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" case="NOM">ɡʷauf</word> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">is</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hilaː</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fur</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷim</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">i-</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷauf</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span></p> + <p>was hilaːŋʷ fur kʷim diɡʷaufis</p> + <p>was hilaangw fur quim digwaufis</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hilaː</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fur</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷim</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>i-</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷauf</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/voice/obligatoryGot active
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a m u">famu</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="h eː">heː</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="w a s">was</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a m u">famu</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="h eː">heː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">was</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">famu</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">ŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">heː</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">was</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">famu</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">heː</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.masc</span></span></p> + <p>was famuŋʷ heː</p> + <p>was famungw hee</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>was</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>famu</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ŋʷ</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>heː</o> + <g>3.sing.masc</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Biringw fur quim cham duñebingw. Was lawingw diniikingw tef dimẽgwingw waul dugwaufis. Was fushangw waul jufaspañingw tef jupaachingw dubalis. Ngaal was julangw dijofis, daa taangw quim digwaufis, mas chun gul difangwingw. Was batɔingw hee mẽn tef shuchen mas chun ter dichupauquingw. Was hilaangw fur quim digwaufis, was famungw hee.
We are not like other people. Their languages were shaped by struggle and time. They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that. But our language arose in a different way. It was born whole and perfect in a single breath. Our language did not evolve; it was created.
Language creation took 0.03 seconds; writing the texts 0.03 seconds.