A Collection of Texts in Nefa
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns: No change.
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|j|o|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">|n|u|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">|d|e|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">|h|e|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number">|ɡ|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number">|n|e|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def">|p|e|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">|s|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj">|t|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|f|o|</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">|s|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj">|ʋ|i|f|i|p|i|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |j|o|#-> jo
### |j|o|
#-> jo
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |n|u|
#-> nu
### |n|u|
#-> nu
### |d|e|
#-> de
### |d|e|
#-> de
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |ɡ|o|
#-> ɡo
### |ɡ|o|
#-> ɡo
### |n|e|
#-> ne
### |n|e|
#-> ne
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |p|e|
#-> pe
### |p|e|
#-> pe
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |s|o|
#-> so
### |s|o|
#-> so
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |s|o|
#-> so
### |s|o|
#-> so
### |ʋ|i|f|i|p|i|
#-> ʋifipi
### |ʋ|i|f|i|p|i|
#-> ʋifipi
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |j|o| |s|a| |n|u| |d|e||l|a| |h|e| |ɡ|o| |n|e||l|a| |p|e||l|a| |s|o| |t|u||l|a| |f|o| |s|o| |ʋ|i|f|i|p|i||l|a|
#-> jo sa nu dela he ɡo nela pela so tula fo so ʋifipila
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|j|o|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">|n|u|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">|d|e|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">|h|e|</word> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number">|ɡ|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number">|n|e|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def">|p|e|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">|s|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj">|t|u|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|f|o|</word> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">|s|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj">|ʋ|i|f|i|p|i|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jo</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nu</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">de</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">he</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡo</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ne</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pe</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">so</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tu</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">so</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋifipi</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>jo sa nu dela he ɡo nela pela so tula fo so ʋifipila</p> + <p>jo sa nu dela he go nela pela so tula fo so wifipila</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>jo</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>nu</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>de</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>he</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡo</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ne</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pe</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>so</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tu</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>so</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋifipi</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### jo sa nu dela he ɡo nela pela so tula fo so ʋifipila
#-> jo sa nu dela he ɡo nela pela so tula fo so ʋifipila
Jo sa nu dela he go nela pela so tula fo so wifipila. [jo sa nu dela he ɡo nela pela so tula fo so ʋifipila] jo have sa PAST nu all de human being -la NOM he in ɡo whole ne earth -la NOM pe surface -la NOM so one tu language -la NOM fo and so one ʋifipi dialect -la NOM “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> </np> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for east/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|m|i|m|i|m|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">|t|a|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number">|z|a|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |m|i|m|i|m|a|#-> mimima
### |m|i|m|i|m|a|
#-> mimima
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |t|a|
#-> ta
### |t|a|
#-> ta
### |z|a|
#-> za
### |z|a|
#-> za
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |m|i|m|i|m|a| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |t|a| |z|a||l|a| |k|a||l|a|
#-> mimima sa ʋo ta zala kala
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|m|i|m|i|m|a|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|ʋ|o|</word> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">|t|a|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number">|z|a|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mimima</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ta</span><br><span class="gls">from</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">za</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ka</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>mimima sa ʋo ta zala kala</p> + <p>mimima sa wo ta zala kala</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>mimima</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋo</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ta</o> + <g>from</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>za</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ka</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### mimima sa ʋo ta zala kala
#-> mimima sa ʋo ta zala kala
Mimima sa wo ta zala kala. [mimima sa ʋo ta zala kala] mimima journey sa PAST ʋo 3 ta from za east -la NOM ka inside -la NOM “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np type="owner_owned"> <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">|f|o|</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|ɲ|e|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number">|p|o|l|a|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number">|ɡ|u|b|a|f|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">|h|e|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number">|j|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |f|o|#-> fo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |ɲ|e|
#-> ɲe
### |ɲ|e|
#-> ɲe
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |p|o|l|a|
#-> pola
### |p|o|l|a|
#-> pola
### |ɡ|u|b|a|f|u|
#-> ɡubafu
### |ɡ|u|b|a|f|u|
#-> ɡubafu
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |j|u|
#-> ju
### |j|u|
#-> ju
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |f|o| |ɲ|e| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |p|o|l|a| |ɡ|u|b|a|f|u||l|a| |h|e| |j|u||l|a| |k|a||l|a|
#-> fo ɲe sa ʋo pola ɡubafula he jula kala
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj">|f|o|</word>
- <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|ɲ|e|</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number">|p|o|l|a|</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number">|ɡ|u|b|a|f|u|</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">|h|e|</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number">|j|u|</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲe</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pola</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡubafu</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">he</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ka</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p>
+ <p>fo ɲe sa ʋo pola ɡubafula he jula kala</p>
+ <p>fo ñe sa wo pola gubafula he jula kala</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>fo</o>
+ <g>and</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɲe</o>
+ <g>find</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sa</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋo</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>pola</o>
+ <g>wide</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɡubafu</o>
+ <g>plain</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>he</o>
+ <g>in</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ju</o>
+ <g>land</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ka</o>
+ <g>inside</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</s>
### fo ɲe sa ʋo pola ɡubafula he jula kala#-> fo ɲe sa ʋo pola ɡubafula he jula kala
Fo ñe sa wo pola gubafula he jula kala. [fo ɲe sa ʋo pola ɡubafula he jula kala] fo and ɲe find sa PAST ʋo 3 pola wide ɡubafu plain -la NOM he in ju land -la NOM ka inside -la NOM “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/subj/optionaladdaffixes: No change.
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">|ʋ|i|z|u|</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|h|a|k|u|f|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">|t|i|</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʋ|i|z|u|#-> ʋizu
### |ʋ|i|z|u|
#-> ʋizu
### |h|a|k|u|f|a|
#-> hakufa
### |h|a|k|u|f|a|
#-> hakufa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |t|i|
#-> ti
### |t|i|
#-> ti
### |ʋ|i|z|u| |h|a|k|u|f|a| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |t|i|
#-> ʋizu hakufa sa ʋo ti
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj">|ʋ|i|z|u|</word>
- <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|h|a|k|u|f|a|</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|ʋ|o|</word>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there">|t|i|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋizu</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hakufa</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ti</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʋizu hakufa sa ʋo ti</p>
+ <p>wizu hakufa sa wo ti</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋizu</o>
+ <g>thus</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>hakufa</o>
+ <g>dwell</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sa</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋo</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ti</o>
+ <g>there</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</s>
### ʋizu hakufa sa ʋo ti#-> ʋizu hakufa sa ʋo ti
Wizu hakufa sa wo ti. [ʋizu hakufa sa ʋo ti] ʋizu thus hakufa dwell sa PAST ʋo 3 ti there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
submodule transform_verb_obj
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
- </np>
</subs>
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ </subs>
+ <subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- </subs>
- <subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np role="obj" person="1incl"> <subs> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <subs> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/> </vp> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/subj/optional
Got 1incl
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/subj/optional
Got 1incl
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|z|i|n|i|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|k|u|</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">|ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|||n||i|||||</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.SUBJ">-|n|u|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">|ɲ|u|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl">|b|i|z|e|</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl">|f|o|</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|k|u|</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3">|d|i|</word> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.SUBJ">-|n|u|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">|ɲ|u|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.OBJ">|h|u|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|b|i|</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl">|b|i|z|e|</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl">|ʋ|a|m|a|f|a|</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |z|i|n|i|#-> zini
### |z|i|n|i|
#-> zini
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|
#-> ʋikupu
### |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|
#-> ʋikupu
### -|||n||i|||||
#-> -ni
### -|||n||i|||||
#-> -ni
### -|n|u|
#-> -nu
### -|n|u|
#-> -nu
### |ɲ|u|
#-> ɲu
### |ɲ|u|
#-> ɲu
### |b|i|z|e|
#-> bize
### |b|i|z|e|
#-> bize
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |d|i|
#-> di
### |d|i|
#-> di
### -|n|u|
#-> -nu
### -|n|u|
#-> -nu
### |ɲ|u|
#-> ɲu
### |ɲ|u|
#-> ɲu
### |h|u|
#-> hu
### |h|u|
#-> hu
### |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|
#-> ʋikupu
### |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|
#-> ʋikupu
### -|b|i|
#-> -bi
### -|b|i|
#-> -bi
### |b|i|z|e|
#-> bize
### |b|i|z|e|
#-> bize
### |ʋ|a|m|a|f|a|
#-> ʋamafa
### |ʋ|a|m|a|f|a|
#-> ʋamafa
### |z|i|n|i| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |k|u| |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u||||n||i||||||n|u| |ɲ|u| |b|i|z|e| |f|o| |k|u| |d|i||n|u| |ɲ|u| |h|u| |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u||b|i| |b|i|z|e| |ʋ|a|m|a|f|a|
#-> zini sa ʋo ku ʋikupuninu ɲu bize fo ku dinu ɲu hu ʋikupubi bize ʋamafa
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|z|i|n|i|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|k|u|</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy> <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">|ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|</word> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|||n||i|||||</thingy> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.SUBJ">-|n|u|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">|ɲ|u|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl">|b|i|z|e|</word> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl">|f|o|</word> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|k|u|</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3">|d|i|</word> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.SUBJ">-|n|u|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">|ɲ|u|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.OBJ">|h|u|</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|b|i|</thingy> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" person="1incl">|b|i|z|e|</word> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl">|ʋ|a|m|a|f|a|</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zini</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ku</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋikupu</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ni</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nu</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲu</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bize</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ku</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">di</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nu</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲu</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hu</span><br><span class="gls">3.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋikupu</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-bi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bize</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋamafa</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>zini sa ʋo ku ʋikupuninu ɲu bize fo ku dinu ɲu hu ʋikupubi bize ʋamafa</p> + <p>zini sa wo ku wikupuninu ñu bize fo ku dinu ñu hu wikupubi bize wamafa</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zini</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋo</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ku</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋikupu</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ni</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-nu</o> + <g>1incl.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲu</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bize</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ku</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>di</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-nu</o> + <g>1incl.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲu</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hu</o> + <g>3.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋikupu</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-bi</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bize</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋamafa</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### zini sa ʋo ku ʋikupuninu ɲu bize fo ku dinu ɲu hu ʋikupubi bize ʋamafa
#-> zini sa ʋo ku ʋikupuninu ɲu bize fo ku dinu ɲu hu ʋikupubi bize ʋamafa
Zini sa wo ku wikupuninu ñu bize fo ku dinu ñu hu wikupubi bize wamafa. [zini sa ʋo ku ʋikupuninu ɲu bize fo ku dinu ɲu hu ʋikupubi bize ʋamafa] zini say sa PAST ʋo 3 ku 1incl ʋikupu brick -ni make -nu 1incl.SUBJ ɲu imperative bize COMP fo and ku 1incl di burn -nu 1incl.SUBJ ɲu imperative hu 3.OBJ ʋikupu brick -bi ACC bize COMP ʋamafa thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">|j|o|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number">|ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">|ɡ|i|b|a|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number">|m|o|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |j|o|#-> jo
### |j|o|
#-> jo
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|
#-> ʋikupu
### |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|
#-> ʋikupu
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |ɡ|i|b|a|
#-> ɡiba
### |ɡ|i|b|a|
#-> ɡiba
### |m|o|
#-> mo
### |m|o|
#-> mo
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |j|o| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |ʋ|i|k|u|p|u||l|a| |ɡ|i|b|a| |m|o||l|a|
#-> jo sa ʋo ʋikupula ɡiba mola
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">|j|o|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number">|ʋ|i|k|u|p|u|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">|ɡ|i|b|a|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number">|m|o|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jo</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋikupu</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡiba</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mo</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>jo sa ʋo ʋikupula ɡiba mola</p> + <p>jo sa wo wikupula giba mola</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>jo</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋo</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋikupu</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡiba</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mo</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### jo sa ʋo ʋikupula ɡiba mola
#-> jo sa ʋo ʋikupula ɡiba mola
Jo sa wo wikupula giba mola. [jo sa ʋo ʋikupula ɡiba mola] jo have sa PAST ʋo 3 ʋikupu brick -la NOM ɡiba PURP mo stone -la NOM “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <np locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">|f|o|</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">|j|o|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number">|f|i|j|o|p|i|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">|ɡ|i|b|a|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number">|n|i|b|i|d|i|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |f|o|#-> fo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |j|o|
#-> jo
### |j|o|
#-> jo
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |f|i|j|o|p|i|
#-> fijopi
### |f|i|j|o|p|i|
#-> fijopi
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |ɡ|i|b|a|
#-> ɡiba
### |ɡ|i|b|a|
#-> ɡiba
### |n|i|b|i|d|i|
#-> nibidi
### |n|i|b|i|d|i|
#-> nibidi
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |f|o| |j|o| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |f|i|j|o|p|i||l|a| |ɡ|i|b|a| |n|i|b|i|d|i||l|a|
#-> fo jo sa ʋo fijopila ɡiba nibidila
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj">|f|o|</word>
- <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">|j|o|</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number">|f|i|j|o|p|i|</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">|ɡ|i|b|a|</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number">|n|i|b|i|d|i|</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jo</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fijopi</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡiba</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nibidi</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p>
+ <p>fo jo sa ʋo fijopila ɡiba nibidila</p>
+ <p>fo jo sa wo fijopila giba nibidila</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>fo</o>
+ <g>and</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>jo</o>
+ <g>have</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sa</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋo</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fijopi</o>
+ <g>slime</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɡiba</o>
+ <g>PURP</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>nibidi</o>
+ <g>mortar</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</s>
### fo jo sa ʋo fijopila ɡiba nibidila#-> fo jo sa ʋo fijopila ɡiba nibidila
Fo jo sa wo fijopila giba nibidila. [fo jo sa ʋo fijopila ɡiba nibidila] fo and jo have sa PAST ʋo 3 fijopi slime -la NOM ɡiba PURP nibidi mortar -la NOM “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic: No change.
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns: No change.
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> </np> <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">|d|a|r|e|m|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">|j|a|</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|k|u|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">|l|a|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">|d|e|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d|a|r|e|m|a|#-> darema
### |d|a|r|e|m|a|
#-> darema
### |j|a|
#-> ja
### |j|a|
#-> ja
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |l|a|
#-> la
### |l|a|
#-> la
### |d|e|
#-> de
### |d|e|
#-> de
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |d|a|r|e|m|a| |j|a| |k|u| |l|a| |d|e||l|a|
#-> darema ja ku la dela
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">|d|a|r|e|m|a|</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">|j|a|</thingy> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">|k|u|</word> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">|l|a|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">|d|e|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">darema</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ja</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ku</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">la</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">de</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>darema ja ku la dela</p> + <p>daxema ja ku la dela</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>darema</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ja</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ku</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>la</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>de</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### darema ja ku la dela
#-> darema ja ku la dela
Daxema ja ku la dela. [darema ja ku la dela] darema resemble ja NEG ku 1incl la other de human being -la NOM “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic: No change.
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|j|a|n|a|p|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">|ɲ|e|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|f|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">|s|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">|t|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |j|a|n|a|p|a|#-> janapa
### |j|a|n|a|p|a|
#-> janapa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ɲ|e|
#-> ɲe
### |ɲ|e|
#-> ɲe
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |s|u|
#-> su
### |s|u|
#-> su
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |j|a|n|a|p|a| |s|a| |ɲ|e||l|a| |f|o| |s|u||l|a| |ʋ|o| |t|u||l|a|
#-> janapa sa ɲela fo sula ʋo tula
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|j|a|n|a|p|a|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">|ɲ|e|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|f|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">|s|u|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ʋ|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">|t|u|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">janapa</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲe</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">su</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tu</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>janapa sa ɲela fo sula ʋo tula</p> + <p>janapa sa ñela fo sula wo tula</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>janapa</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲe</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>su</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋo</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tu</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### janapa sa ɲela fo sula ʋo tula
#-> janapa sa ɲela fo sula ʋo tula
Janapa sa ñela fo sula wo tula. [janapa sa ɲela fo sula ʋo tula] janapa shape sa PAST ɲe fight -la NOM fo and su time -la NOM ʋo 3 tu language -la NOM “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic: No change.
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|d|a|t|e|ɡ|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ɡ|u|ɲ|e|b|i|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|m|u|</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|f|o|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|t|i|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|m|u|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">|f|i|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d|a|t|e|ɡ|a|#-> dateɡa
### |d|a|t|e|ɡ|a|
#-> dateɡa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ɡ|u|ɲ|e|b|i|
#-> ɡuɲebi
### |ɡ|u|ɲ|e|b|i|
#-> ɡuɲebi
### -|m|u|
#-> -mu
### -|m|u|
#-> -mu
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |t|i|
#-> ti
### |t|i|
#-> ti
### -|m|u|
#-> -mu
### -|m|u|
#-> -mu
### |f|i|
#-> fi
### |f|i|
#-> fi
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |d|a|t|e|ɡ|a| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |ɡ|u|ɲ|e|b|i||m|u| |f|o| |t|i||m|u| |f|i||l|a|
#-> dateɡa sa ʋo ɡuɲebimu fo timu fila
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|d|a|t|e|ɡ|a|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ɡ|u|ɲ|e|b|i|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|m|u|</thingy> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|f|o|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|t|i|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|m|u|</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">|f|i|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dateɡa</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuɲebi</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-mu</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ti</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-mu</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fi</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>dateɡa sa ʋo ɡuɲebimu fo timu fila</p> + <p>datega sa wo guñebimu fo timu fila</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>dateɡa</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋo</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuɲebi</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-mu</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ti</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-mu</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fi</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### dateɡa sa ʋo ɡuɲebimu fo timu fila
#-> dateɡa sa ʋo ɡuɲebimu fo timu fila
Datega sa wo guñebimu fo timu fila. [dateɡa sa ʋo ɡuɲebimu fo timu fila] dateɡa copy sa PAST ʋo 3 ɡuɲebi mammal -mu GEN fo and ti bird -mu GEN fi sound -la NOM “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module NRel:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ </np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module complementise: No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
+ <np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" case="NOM">
+ <np id="parent" case="NOM" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" case="NOM" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <np id="parent" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns: No change.
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np id="parent" case="NOM"> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np type="owner_owned"> <np locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> </np> <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> </np> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/subj/optional
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="NOM">
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" case="NOM"> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </relp> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">|s|i|</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|ɡ|u|k|e|ɡ|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">|n|e|f|a|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">|r|e|</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ɲ|i|</word> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.OBJ">|h|u|</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|k|u|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after">|t|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">|h|e|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number">|j|a|h|i|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number">|f|a|t|a|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |s|i|#-> si
### |s|i|
#-> si
### |ɡ|u|k|e|ɡ|a|
#-> ɡukeɡa
### |ɡ|u|k|e|ɡ|a|
#-> ɡukeɡa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |n|e|f|a|
#-> nefa
### |n|e|f|a|
#-> nefa
### -|l|a|,
#-> -la,
### -|l|a|,
#-> -la,
### |r|e|
#-> re
### |r|e|
#-> re
### |ɲ|i|
#-> ɲi
### |ɲ|i|
#-> ɲi
### |h|u|
#-> hu
### |h|u|
#-> hu
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### -|l|a|,
#-> -la,
### -|l|a|,
#-> -la,
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |j|a|h|i|
#-> jahi
### |j|a|h|i|
#-> jahi
### |f|a|t|a|
#-> fata
### |f|a|t|a|
#-> fata
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |s|i| |ɡ|u|k|e|ɡ|a| |s|a| |n|e|f|a||l|a|, |r|e| |ɲ|i| |h|u| |k|u| |t|u||l|a|, |h|e| |j|a|h|i| |f|a|t|a||l|a| |k|a||l|a|
#-> si ɡukeɡa sa nefala, re ɲi hu ku tula, he jahi fatala kala
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="but" posp="conj">|s|i|</word>
- <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|ɡ|u|k|e|ɡ|a|</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">|n|e|f|a|</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|,</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">|r|e|</word>
- <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ɲ|i|</word>
- <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy>
- <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.OBJ">|h|u|</thingy>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|k|u|</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after">|t|u|</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|,</thingy>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">|h|e|</word>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number">|j|a|h|i|</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number">|f|a|t|a|</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">si</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡukeɡa</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nefa</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la,</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">re</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲi</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hu</span><br><span class="gls">3.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ku</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tu</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la,</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">he</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jahi</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fata</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ka</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p>
+ <p>si ɡukeɡa sa nefala, re ɲi hu ku tula, he jahi fatala kala</p>
+ <p>si gukega sa nefala, xe ñi hu ku tula, he jahi fatala kala</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>si</o>
+ <g>but</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɡukeɡa</o>
+ <g>arise</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sa</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>nefa</o>
+ <g>langname</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la,</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>re</o>
+ <g>RELPRON</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɲi</o>
+ <g>be</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>hu</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ku</o>
+ <g>1incl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>tu</o>
+ <g>language</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la,</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>he</o>
+ <g>in</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>jahi</o>
+ <g>different</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fata</o>
+ <g>manner</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ka</o>
+ <g>inside</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-la</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</s>
### si ɡukeɡa sa nefala, re ɲi hu ku tula, he jahi fatala kala#-> si ɡukeɡa sa nefala, re ɲi hu ku tula, he jahi fatala kala
Si gukega sa nefala, xe ñi hu ku tula, he jahi fatala kala. [si ɡukeɡa sa nefala, re ɲi hu ku tula, he jahi fatala kala] si but ɡukeɡa arise sa PAST nefa langname -la, NOM re RELPRON ɲi be hu 3.OBJ ku 1incl tu language -la, NOM he in jahi different fata manner -la NOM ka inside -la NOM “But Nefa, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic: No change.
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" number="plur">
+ <np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np type="owner_owned"> <np locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> </np> <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> </np> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<np def="def">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred"> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np def="def"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|t|u|n|a|b|i|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred">|ɡ|o|</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred">|f|o|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred">|k|u|j|a|ɡ|a|</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">|h|e|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number">|z|u|p|a|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number">|ʋ|u|b|i|f|i|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |t|u|n|a|b|i|#-> tunabi
### |t|u|n|a|b|i|
#-> tunabi
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ɡ|o|
#-> ɡo
### |ɡ|o|
#-> ɡo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |f|o|
#-> fo
### |k|u|j|a|ɡ|a|
#-> kujaɡa
### |k|u|j|a|ɡ|a|
#-> kujaɡa
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |h|e|
#-> he
### |z|u|p|a|
#-> zupa
### |z|u|p|a|
#-> zupa
### |ʋ|u|b|i|f|i|
#-> ʋubifi
### |ʋ|u|b|i|f|i|
#-> ʋubifi
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### |k|a|
#-> ka
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |t|u|n|a|b|i| |s|a| |ʋ|o| |ɡ|o| |f|o| |k|u|j|a|ɡ|a| |h|e| |z|u|p|a| |ʋ|u|b|i|f|i||l|a| |k|a||l|a|
#-> tunabi sa ʋo ɡo fo kujaɡa he zupa ʋubifila kala
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|t|u|n|a|b|i|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">|ʋ|o|</word> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred">|ɡ|o|</word> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred">|f|o|</word> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred">|k|u|j|a|ɡ|a|</word> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">|h|e|</word> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number">|z|u|p|a|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number">|ʋ|u|b|i|f|i|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def">|k|a|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tunabi</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡo</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kujaɡa</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">he</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zupa</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋubifi</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ka</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>tunabi sa ʋo ɡo fo kujaɡa he zupa ʋubifila kala</p> + <p>tunabi sa wo go fo kujaga he zupa wubifila kala</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>tunabi</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋo</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡo</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kujaɡa</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>he</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zupa</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋubifi</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ka</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### tunabi sa ʋo ɡo fo kujaɡa he zupa ʋubifila kala
#-> tunabi sa ʋo ɡo fo kujaɡa he zupa ʋubifila kala
Tunabi sa wo go fo kujaga he zupa wubifila kala [tunabi sa ʋo ɡo fo kujaɡa he zupa ʋubifila kala] tunabi appear sa PAST ʋo 3 ɡo whole fo and kujaɡa perfect he in zupa single ʋubifi breath -la NOM ka inside -la NOM “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic: No change.
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns: No change.
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/subj/optionalAbout to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|b|a|f|o|s|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">|j|a|</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|k|u|</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM">|t|u|</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |b|a|f|o|s|a|#-> bafosa
### |b|a|f|o|s|a|
#-> bafosa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |j|a|
#-> ja
### |j|a|
#-> ja
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |k|u|
#-> ku
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### |t|u|
#-> tu
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### -|l|a|
#-> -la
### |b|a|f|o|s|a| |s|a| |j|a| |k|u| |t|u||l|a|
#-> bafosa sa ja ku tula
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|b|a|f|o|s|a|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">|j|a|</thingy> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|k|u|</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM">|t|u|</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|l|a|</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bafosa</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ja</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ku</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tu</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-la</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>bafosa sa ja ku tula</p> + <p>bafosa sa ja ku tula</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>bafosa</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ja</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ku</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tu</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-la</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### bafosa sa ja ku tula
#-> bafosa sa ja ku tula
Bafosa sa ja ku tula. [bafosa sa ja ku tula] bafosa evolve sa PAST ja NEG ku 1incl tu language -la NOM “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic: No change.
module NRel: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
module complementise: No change.
module affixdensity: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowner: No change.
module propagatenumber: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/subj/optionaladdaffixes: No change.
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|p|a|ɲ|a|b|a|</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">|ʋ|o|</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |p|a|ɲ|a|b|a|#-> paɲaba
### |p|a|ɲ|a|b|a|
#-> paɲaba
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |s|a|
#-> sa
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |ʋ|o|
#-> ʋo
### |p|a|ɲ|a|b|a| |s|a| |ʋ|o|
#-> paɲaba sa ʋo
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|p|a|ɲ|a|b|a|</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|s|a|</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative">-</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">|ʋ|o|</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">paɲaba</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋo</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span></p> + <p>paɲaba sa ʋo</p> + <p>pañaba sa wo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>paɲaba</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋo</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + </il> </s>### paɲaba sa ʋo
#-> paɲaba sa ʋo
Pañaba sa wo. [paɲaba sa ʋo] paɲaba create sa PAST ʋo 3 “It was created.” | (14) |
Language creation took 0.02 seconds; writing the texts 0.03 seconds.