A Collection of Texts in Gay
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> </pp> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for one/num/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for one/num/case/optional
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - </pp> - </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f o ˈ r">foˈr</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d i ˈ t">diˈt</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b e ˈ k">beˈk</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="p e ˈ d">peˈd</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ ɔ ˈ s">ʒɔˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="k e ˈ c">keˈc</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="z e z a ˈ r">zezaˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="k e ˈ c">keˈc</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f o ˈ r">foˈr</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d i ˈ t">diˈt</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b e ˈ k">beˈk</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="p e ˈ d">peˈd</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ ɔ ˈ s">ʒɔˈs</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="k e ˈ c">keˈc</word>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="z e z a ˈ r">zezaˈr</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="k e ˈ c">keˈc</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f o ˈ r">foˈr</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d i ˈ t">diˈt</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b e ˈ k">beˈk</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="p e ˈ d">peˈd</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ ɔ ˈ s">ʒɔˈs</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="k e ˈ c">keˈc</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="z e z a ˈ r">zezaˈr</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="k e ˈ c">keˈc</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">leˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">foˈr</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">diˈt</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ap</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">beˈk</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">peˈd</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing">ʒɔˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">keˈc</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">zezaˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">keˈc</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈlest</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfor</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdit</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ap</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbek</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈped</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒɔs</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɟukʷ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkec</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈŋʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zeˈzar</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkec</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span></p> + <p>ˈlestadep ˈfor ˈditap ˈbek ˈpedekʼ ˈʒɔsokʼ ˈɡʷiʃ ˈɟukʷokʼ ˈkec ˈŋʷiʃ zeˈzarekʼ ˈkec</p> + <p>lestadep fór ditap bek pedegk zhosógk gwish dyuquógk kety ngwish zezaregk kety</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈlest</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfor</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdit</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ap</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbek</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈped</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒɔs</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡʷiʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɟukʷ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkec</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈŋʷiʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zeˈzar</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkec</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Lestadep fór ditap bek pedegk zhosógk gwish dyuquógk kety ngwish zezaregk kety. [ˈlestadep ˈfor ˈditap ˈbek ˈpedekʼ ˈʒɔsokʼ ˈɡʷiʃ ˈɟukʷokʼ ˈkec ˈŋʷiʃ zeˈzarekʼ ˈkec] ˈlest have -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈfor all ˈdit human being -ap plur ˈbek whole ˈped earth -ekʼ sing ˈʒɔs surface -ekʼ sing ˈɡʷiʃ in ˈɟukʷ language -ekʼ sing ˈkec one ˈŋʷiʃ and zeˈzar dialect -ekʼ sing ˈkec one “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="ABL">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="ABL">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="ABL" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" case="ABL" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="ABL" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a ɡ a ˈ ɟ">ɡʷaɡaˈɟ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k ɔ ˈ s">kɔˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ʒ a ˈ p">ʒaˈp</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a ɡ a ˈ ɟ">ɡʷaɡaˈɟ</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k ɔ ˈ s">kɔˈs</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ʒ a ˈ p">ʒaˈp</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a ɡ a ˈ ɟ">ɡʷaɡaˈɟ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k ɔ ˈ s">kɔˈs</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ʒ a ˈ p">ʒaˈp</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɡʷaɡaˈɟ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">kɔˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">ʒaˈp</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaˈɡaɟ</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkɔs</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒiz</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒap</span><br><span class="gls">from</span></span></p> + <p>ɡʷaˈɡaɟadep ˈziɡʷ ˈkɔsokʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈʒap</p> + <p>gwagadyadep zigw kosógk zhizegk zhap</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaˈɡaɟ</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkɔs</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒiz</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒap</o> + <g>from</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Gwagadyadep zigw kosógk zhizegk zhap. [ɡʷaˈɡaɟadep ˈziɡʷ ˈkɔsokʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈʒap] ɡʷaˈɡaɟ journey -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈziɡʷ 3.plur ˈkɔs east -ekʼ sing ˈʒiz inside -ekʼ sing ˈʒap from “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɟ i ˈ ɲ">ɟiˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="c i ˈ z">ciˈz</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s i ʃ a ˈ f">siʃaˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d a ˈ s">daˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɟ i ˈ ɲ">ɟiˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="c i ˈ z">ciˈz</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s i ʃ a ˈ f">siʃaˈf</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d a ˈ s">daˈs</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɟiˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">ciˈz</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">siʃaˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number">daˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈŋʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɟiɲ</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈciz</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">siˈʃaf</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdas</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒiz</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ˈŋʷiʃ ˈɟiɲadep ˈziɡʷ ˈciz siˈʃafekʼ ˈdasekʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈɡʷiʃ</p> + <p>ngwish dyiñadep zigw tyiz sishafegk dasegk zhizegk gwish</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈŋʷiʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɟiɲ</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈciz</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>siˈʃaf</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdas</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒiz</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡʷiʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngwish dyiñadep zigw tyiz sishafegk dasegk zhizegk gwish. [ˈŋʷiʃ ˈɟiɲadep ˈziɡʷ ˈciz siˈʃafekʼ ˈdasekʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈɡʷiʃ] ˈŋʷiʃ and ˈɟiɲ find -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈziɡʷ 3.plur ˈciz wide siˈʃaf plain -ekʼ sing ˈdas land -ekʼ sing ˈʒiz inside -ekʼ sing ˈɡʷiʃ in “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s a w a ˈ">sawaˈ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ i b u ˈ ɟ">ɡʷibuˈɟ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="d i ˈ r">diˈr</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="thus" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s a w a ˈ">sawaˈ</word>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ i b u ˈ ɟ">ɡʷibuˈɟ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ u b u ˈ ɟ" underlying="ɡʷ i b u ˈ ɟ">ɡʷubuˈɟ</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="d i ˈ r">diˈr</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s a w a ˈ">sawaˈ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ u b u ˈ ɟ" underlying="ɡʷ i b u ˈ ɟ">ɡʷubuˈɟ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="d i ˈ r">diˈr</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">sawaˈ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="ɡʷ i b u ˈ ɟ">ɡʷubuˈɟ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">diˈr</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saˈwa</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷiˈbuɟ</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdir</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>saˈwa ɡʷuˈbuɟadep ˈziɡʷ ˈdir</p> + <p>sawa gwubudyadep zigw dir</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>saˈwa</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷiˈbuɟ</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdir</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Sawa gwubudyadep zigw dir. [saˈwa ɡʷuˈbuɟadep ˈziɡʷ ˈdir] saˈwa thus ɡʷiˈbuɟ dwell -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈziɡʷ 3.plur ˈdir there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
submodule transform_verb_obj
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
- </np>
</subs>
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
- </np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ </subs>
+ <subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- </subs>
- <subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> </subs> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> </subs> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/mode/obligatory
Got imperative
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/mode/obligatory
Got imperative
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"/> <thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ˈ p">ɲiˈp</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="i l">il</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲikoˈz</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> + <thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="i d">id</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲikoˈz</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="c a w a ˈ k">cawaˈk</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ˈ p">ɲiˈp</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word>
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="i l">il</thingy>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲikoˈz</word>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ u k o ˈ z" underlying="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲukoˈz</word>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word>
<thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word>
<thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="i d">id</thingy>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲikoˈz</word>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ u k o ˈ z" underlying="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲukoˈz</word>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="c a w a ˈ k">cawaˈk</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ˈ p">ɲiˈp</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="i l">il</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ u k o ˈ z" underlying="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲukoˈz</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="burn₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> - <thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="i d">id</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɲ u k o ˈ z" underlying="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲukoˈz</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="c a w a ˈ k">cawaˈk</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɲiˈp</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">il</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" underlying="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲukoˈz</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> + <thingy gloss="burn₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">id</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" underlying="ɲ i k o ˈ z">ɲukoˈz</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">cawaˈk</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɲip</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒɛ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saˈɡʷaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-il</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʷ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiˈkoz</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈŋʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒɛ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saˈɡʷaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-id</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʷ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiˈkoz</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">caˈwak</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>ˈɲipadep ˈziɡʷ ˈʒɛ saˈɡʷaɲilekʷep ɲuˈkoz ˈŋʷiʃ ˈʒɛ saˈɡʷaɲidekʷep ɲuˈkoz caˈwak</p> + <p>ñipadep zigw zhæ sagwañilequep ñukóz ngwish zhæ sagwañidequep ñukóz tyawak</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈɲip</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒɛ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>saˈɡʷaɲ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-il</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-kʷ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiˈkoz</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈŋʷiʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒɛ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>saˈɡʷaɲ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-id</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-kʷ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiˈkoz</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>caˈwak</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ñipadep zigw zhæ sagwañilequep ñukóz ngwish zhæ sagwañidequep ñukóz tyawak. [ˈɲipadep ˈziɡʷ ˈʒɛ saˈɡʷaɲilekʷep ɲuˈkoz ˈŋʷiʃ ˈʒɛ saˈɡʷaɲidekʷep ɲuˈkoz caˈwak] ˈɲip say -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈziɡʷ 3.plur ˈʒɛ 1incl.plur saˈɡʷaɲ brick -il make -e PRES -kʷ imperative -ep POS ɲiˈkoz COMP ˈŋʷiʃ and ˈʒɛ 1incl.plur saˈɡʷaɲ brick -id burn -e PRES -kʷ imperative -ep POS ɲiˈkoz COMP caˈwak thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/case/optional
Got LOC
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="s u ˈ l">suˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="m a m ɔ ˈ n">mamɔˈn</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="s u ˈ l">suˈl</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="m a m ɔ ˈ n">mamɔˈn</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s a ɡʷ a ˈ ɲ">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="s u ˈ l">suˈl</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="m a m ɔ ˈ n">mamɔˈn</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">leˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">saɡʷaˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">suˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">mamɔˈn</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈlest</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saˈɡʷaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsul</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maˈmɔn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈlestadep ˈziɡʷ saˈɡʷaɲekʼ ˈsulokʼakʷ maˈmɔn</p> + <p>lestadep zigw sagwañegk sulógkaqu mamon</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈlest</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>saˈɡʷaɲ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsul</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>maˈmɔn</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Lestadep zigw sagwañegk sulógkaqu mamon. [ˈlestadep ˈziɡʷ saˈɡʷaɲekʼ ˈsulokʼakʷ maˈmɔn] ˈlest have -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈziɡʷ 3.plur saˈɡʷaɲ brick -ekʼ sing ˈsul stone -ekʼ sing -akʷ LOC maˈmɔn PURP “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/case/optional
Got LOC
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f i z i ˈ r">fiziˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="m e s+t u ˈ kʼ">mestuˈkʼ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="m a m ɔ ˈ n">mamɔˈn</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f i z i ˈ r">fiziˈr</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="m e s+t u ˈ kʼ">mestuˈkʼ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="m o s+t u ˈ kʼ" underlying="m e s+t u ˈ kʼ">mostuˈkʼ</word>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="m a m ɔ ˈ n">mamɔˈn</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="l e ˈ s+t">leˈst</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f i z i ˈ r">fiziˈr</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="m o s+t u ˈ kʼ" underlying="m e s+t u ˈ kʼ">mostuˈkʼ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="m a m ɔ ˈ n">mamɔˈn</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">leˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">fiziˈr</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" underlying="m e s+t u ˈ kʼ">mostuˈkʼ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">mamɔˈn</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈŋʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈlest</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fiˈzir</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">meˈstukʼ</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maˈmɔn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈŋʷiʃ ˈlestadep ˈziɡʷ fiˈzirekʼ moˈstukʼokʼakʷ maˈmɔn</p> + <p>ngwish lestadep zigw fiziregk móstugkógkaqu mamon</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈŋʷiʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈlest</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fiˈzir</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>meˈstukʼ</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>maˈmɔn</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngwish lestadep zigw fiziregk móstugkógkaqu mamon. [ˈŋʷiʃ ˈlestadep ˈziɡʷ fiˈzirekʼ moˈstukʼokʼakʷ maˈmɔn] ˈŋʷiʃ and ˈlest have -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈziɡʷ 3.plur fiˈzir slime -ekʼ sing meˈstukʼ mortar -ekʼ sing -akʷ LOC maˈmɔn PURP “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/negation/obligatory
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/optional
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="s a w a ˈ n">sawaˈn</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="f a ˈ r">faˈr</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="d i ˈ t">diˈt</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="s a w a ˈ n">sawaˈn</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="f a ˈ r">faˈr</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="d i ˈ t">diˈt</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">sawaˈn</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">i</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">faˈr</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">diˈt</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ap</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saˈwan</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-i</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒɛ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfar</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdit</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ap</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>saˈwanedi ˈʒɛ ˈfar ˈditap</p> + <p>sawanedi zhæ far ditap</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>saˈwan</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-i</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒɛ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfar</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdit</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ap</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Sawanedi zhæ far ditap. [saˈwanedi ˈʒɛ ˈfar ˈditap] saˈwan resemble -e PRES -d indicative -i NEG ˈʒɛ 1incl.plur ˈfar other ˈdit human being -ap plur “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f i z a ˈ s+t">fizaˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʷ i ˈ n">kʷiˈn</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="s ɛ ˈ ɲ">sɛˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f i z a ˈ s+t">fizaˈst</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʷ i ˈ n">kʷiˈn</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="s ɛ ˈ ɲ">sɛˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">fizaˈst</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">kʷiˈn</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">sɛˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ap</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fiˈzast</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʷin</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈŋʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsɛɲ</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɟukʷ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ap</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>fiˈzastadep ˈkʷinekʼ ˈŋʷiʃ ˈsɛɲekʼ ˈziɡʷ ˈɟukʷap</p> + <p>fizastadep quinegk ngwish sæñegk zigw dyuquap</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>fiˈzast</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkʷin</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈŋʷiʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsɛɲ</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɟukʷ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ap</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Fizastadep quinegk ngwish sæñegk zigw dyuquap. [fiˈzastadep ˈkʷinekʼ ˈŋʷiʃ ˈsɛɲekʼ ˈziɡʷ ˈɟukʷap] fiˈzast shape -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈkʷin fight -ekʼ sing ˈŋʷiʃ and ˈsɛɲ time -ekʼ sing ˈziɡʷ 3.plur ˈɟukʷ language -ap plur “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/case/optional
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s i c a ˈ j">sicaˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɟ e kʼ e ˈ z">ɟekʼeˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ a ˈ c">ɡaˈc</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="j u ˈ ŋ">juˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s i c a ˈ j">sicaˈj</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="z i ˈ ɡʷ">ziˈɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɟ e kʼ e ˈ z">ɟekʼeˈz</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ a ˈ c">ɡaˈc</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="j u ˈ ŋ">juˈŋ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a p">ap</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">sicaˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ziˈɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">ɟekʼeˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ap</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">ɡaˈc</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ap</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">juˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ap</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">siˈcaj</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈziɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɟeˈkʼez</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ap</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈŋʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡac</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ap</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjuŋ</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ap</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>siˈcajadep ˈziɡʷ ɟeˈkʼezap ˈŋʷiʃ ˈɡacap ˈjuŋap</p> + <p>sityajadep zigw dyegkezap ngwish gatyap jungap</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>siˈcaj</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈziɡʷ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɟeˈkʼez</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ap</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈŋʷiʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡac</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ap</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjuŋ</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ap</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Sityajadep zigw dyegkezap ngwish gatyap jungap. [siˈcajadep ˈziɡʷ ɟeˈkʼezap ˈŋʷiʃ ˈɡacap ˈjuŋap] siˈcaj copy -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈziɡʷ 3.plur ɟeˈkʼez mammal -ap plur ˈŋʷiʃ and ˈɡac bird -ap plur ˈjuŋ sound -ap plur “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module NRel:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ </np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
+ <np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np id="parent" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </relp> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="r a ˈ ɟ">raˈɟ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ i c u ˈ ɲ">kʼʷicuˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="ɡ a ˈ j">ɡaˈj</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" ph="ʃ ɔ ˈ kʼʷ">ʃɔˈkʼʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="f a ˈ d">faˈd</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f ɛ ˈ ʃ">fɛˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s ɛ ˈ ʃ">sɛˈʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="but" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="r a ˈ ɟ">raˈɟ</word>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ i c u ˈ ɲ">kʼʷicuˈɲ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ u c u ˈ ɲ" underlying="kʼʷ i c u ˈ ɲ">kʼʷucuˈɲ</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="ɡ a ˈ j">ɡaˈj</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" ph="ʃ ɔ ˈ kʼʷ">ʃɔˈkʼʷ</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="f a ˈ d">faˈd</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f ɛ ˈ ʃ">fɛˈʃ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s ɛ ˈ ʃ">sɛˈʃ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="r a ˈ ɟ">raˈɟ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ u c u ˈ ɲ" underlying="kʼʷ i c u ˈ ɲ">kʼʷucuˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="ɡ a ˈ j">ɡaˈj</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" ph="ʃ ɔ ˈ kʼʷ">ʃɔˈkʼʷ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="f a ˈ d">faˈd</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f ɛ ˈ ʃ">fɛˈʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="s ɛ ˈ ʃ">sɛˈʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">raˈɟ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="kʼʷ i c u ˈ ɲ">kʼʷucuˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">ɡaˈj</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ,</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">ʃɔˈkʼʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">faˈd</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">e</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ,</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number">fɛˈʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number">sɛˈʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈraɟ</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷiˈcuɲ</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡaj</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʃɔkʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfad</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒɛ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɟukʷ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfɛʃ</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsɛʃ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒiz</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ˈraɟ kʼʷuˈcuɲadep ˈɡajekʼ, ˈʃɔkʼʷ ˈfadedep ˈʒɛ ˈɟukʷokʼ, ˈfɛʃ ˈsɛʃekʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈɡʷiʃ</p> + <p>rady gquutyuñadep gajegk, shogqu fadedep zhæ dyuquógk, fæsh sæshegk zhizegk gwish</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈraɟ</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼʷiˈcuɲ</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡaj</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʃɔkʼʷ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfad</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒɛ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɟukʷ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfɛʃ</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsɛʃ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒiz</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡʷiʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Rady gquutyuñadep gajegk, shogqu fadedep zhæ dyuquógk, fæsh sæshegk zhizegk gwish. [ˈraɟ kʼʷuˈcuɲadep ˈɡajekʼ, ˈʃɔkʼʷ ˈfadedep ˈʒɛ ˈɟukʷokʼ, ˈfɛʃ ˈsɛʃekʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈɡʷiʃ] ˈraɟ but kʼʷiˈcuɲ arise -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈɡaj langname -ekʼ sing ˈʃɔkʼʷ RELPRON ˈfad be -e PRES -d indicative -ep POS ˈʒɛ 1incl.plur ˈɟukʷ language -ekʼ sing ˈfɛʃ different ˈsɛʃ manner -ekʼ sing ˈʒiz inside -ekʼ sing ˈɡʷiʃ in “But Gay, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" number="plur"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʒ i n a ˈ p">ʒinaˈp</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="d a ˈ ʃ">daˈʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="b e ˈ k">beˈk</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="t a ɟ u ˈ ɡ">taɟuˈɡ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b o ˈ d">boˈd</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" ph="kʷ i kʼʷ i ˈ p">kʷikʼʷiˈp</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʒ i n a ˈ p">ʒinaˈp</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="d a ˈ ʃ">daˈʃ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="b e ˈ k">beˈk</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ŋʷ i ˈ ʃ">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="t a ɟ u ˈ ɡ">taɟuˈɡ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b o ˈ d">boˈd</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" ph="kʷ i kʼʷ i ˈ p">kʷikʼʷiˈp</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ʒ i ˈ z">ʒiˈz</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɡʷ i ˈ ʃ">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʒinaˈp</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">daˈʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">beˈk</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur">ŋʷiˈʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">taɟuˈɡ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number">boˈd</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number">kʷikʼʷiˈp</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing">ʒiˈz</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ekʼ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ɡʷiˈʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒiˈnap</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbek</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈŋʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">taˈɟuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbod</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷiˈkʼʷip</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒiz</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡʷiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ʒiˈnapadep ˈdaʃ ˈbek ˈŋʷiʃ taˈɟuɡ ˈbod kʷiˈkʼʷipekʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈɡʷiʃ</p> + <p>zhinapadep dash bek ngwish tadyug bód quigquipegk zhizegk gwish</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʒiˈnap</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdaʃ</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbek</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈŋʷiʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>taˈɟuɡ</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbod</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷiˈkʼʷip</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒiz</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡʷiʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Zhinapadep dash bek ngwish tadyug bód quigquipegk zhizegk gwish [ʒiˈnapadep ˈdaʃ ˈbek ˈŋʷiʃ taˈɟuɡ ˈbod kʷiˈkʼʷipekʼ ˈʒizekʼ ˈɡʷiʃ] ʒiˈnap appear -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈdaʃ 3.sing ˈbek whole ˈŋʷiʃ and taˈɟuɡ perfect ˈbod single kʷiˈkʼʷip breath -ekʼ sing ˈʒiz inside -ekʼ sing ˈɡʷiʃ in “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/negation/obligatory
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ e k e ˈ w">ɲekeˈw</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ e k e ˈ w">ɲekeˈw</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e kʼ">ekʼ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ e k e ˈ w">ɲekeˈw</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ʒ ɛ ˈ">ʒɛˈ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɟ u ˈ kʷ">ɟuˈkʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="o kʼ" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɲekeˈw</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">i</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ʒɛˈ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">ɟuˈkʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e kʼ">okʼ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲeˈkew</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-i</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒɛ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɟukʷ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ekʼ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ɲeˈkewadi ˈʒɛ ˈɟukʷokʼ</p> + <p>ñekewadi zhæ dyuquógk</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲeˈkew</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-i</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒɛ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɟukʷ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ekʼ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ñekewadi zhæ dyuquógk. [ɲeˈkewadi ˈʒɛ ˈɟukʷokʼ] ɲeˈkew evolve -a PAST -d indicative -i NEG ˈʒɛ 1incl.plur ˈɟukʷ language -ekʼ sing “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n i j a ˈ d">nijaˈd</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" ph="d a ˈ ʃ">daˈʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n i j a ˈ d">nijaˈd</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="e p">ep</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" ph="d a ˈ ʃ">daˈʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">nijaˈd</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ep</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number">daˈʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">niˈjad</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ep</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span></p> + <p>niˈjadadep ˈdaʃ</p> + <p>nijadadep dash</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>niˈjad</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ep</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdaʃ</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Nijadadep dash. [niˈjadadep ˈdaʃ] niˈjad create -a PAST -d indicative -ep POS ˈdaʃ 3.sing “It was created.” | (14) |
Language creation took 0.03 seconds; writing the texts 0.03 seconds.