A Collection of Texts in Hama
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - </pp> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w i">wi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u">hu</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ i k e">ɡike</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="h i">hi</word> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="l u">lu</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ʔ a ɡ i">ʔaɡi</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="k o">ko</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ʔ a ɡ i">ʔaɡi</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ʔ a f a ɡ i">ʔafaɡi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="w i">wi</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u">hu</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ i k e">ɡike</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="h i">hi</word> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="l u">lu</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ʔ a ɡ i">ʔaɡi</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj" ph="l i">li</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="k o">ko</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ʔ a ɡ i">ʔaɡi</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ʔ a f a ɡ i">ʔafaɡi</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɲiɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">wi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">hu</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">ɡike</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">na</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">hi</word> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">lu</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">ʔaɡi</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" role="obj">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ko</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" role="obj">ʔaɡi</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" role="obj">ʔafaɡi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wi</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hu</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡike</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-na</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hi</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lu</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔaɡi</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">li</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ko</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔaɡi</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔafaɡi</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɲiɡa wiʔi hu ɡikena hi lu ʔaɡi liʔi ko ʔaɡi ʔafaɡiʔi</p> + <p>ñiga wiqi hu gikena hi lu qagi liqi ko qagi qafagiqi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲiɡ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wi</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hu</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡike</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-na</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hi</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lu</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔaɡi</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>li</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ko</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔaɡi</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔafaɡi</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s a j o ʔ">sajoʔ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="j a h o">jaho</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="j a">ja</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s a j o ʔ">sajoʔ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="j a h o">jaho</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="j a">ja</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">sajoʔ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">jaho</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">na</thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">ja</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sajoʔ</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jaho</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-na</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ja</span><br><span class="gls">from_inside</span></span></p> + <p>sajoʔa ju jahona ja</p> + <p>sajoqa ju jahona ja</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>sajoʔ</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jaho</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-na</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ja</o> + <g>from_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="k o">ko</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ e f">ʃef</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ɡ u d a">miɡuda</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m a ɡ a">maɡa</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ʔ i ɡ i">ʔiɡi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="h a">ha</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="k o">ko</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ e f">ʃef</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ɡ u d a">miɡuda</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m u ɡ u d a" underlying="m i ɡ u d a">muɡuda</word>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m a ɡ a">maɡa</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ʔ i ɡ i">ʔiɡi</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="h a">ha</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="k o">ko</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ e f">ʃef</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m u ɡ u d a" underlying="m i ɡ u d a">muɡuda</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m a ɡ a">maɡa</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ʔ i ɡ i">ʔiɡi</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="h a">ha</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ko</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʃef</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="m i ɡ u d a">muɡuda</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number">maɡa</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" case="LOC">ʔiɡi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">na</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">ha</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ko</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃef</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">miɡuda</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maɡa</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔiɡi</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-na</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>ko ʃefa ju muɡudaʔu maɡa ʔiɡina ha</p> + <p>ko shefa ju mugudaqu maga qigina ha</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ko</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃef</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>miɡuda</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>maɡa</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔiɡi</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-na</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="n a d i">nadi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t a b i w">tabiw</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="k e">ke</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="n a d i">nadi</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t a b i w">tabiw</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="k e">ke</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">nadi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">tabiw</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">ju</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">ke</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nadi</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tabiw</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ke</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>nadi tabiwa ju ke</p> + <p>nadi tabiwa ju ke</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>nadi</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tabiw</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ke</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
submodule transform_verb_obj
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
- </np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
+ </subs>
+ <subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- </subs>
- <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" person="1incl"> <subs> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl"> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> </vp> </subs> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/> <subs> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> </vp> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/> </subs> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl"> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - </vp> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl"/> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a d">kad</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="m o">mo</word> + <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ɡ a ɲ">ɡaɲ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k i s i">kisi</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl" ph="k o">ko</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="m o">mo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3" ph="j u n">jun</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k i s i">kisi</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl" ph="k i f a d i">kifadi</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a d">kad</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="m o">mo</word>
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ɡ a ɲ">ɡaɲ</thingy>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k i s i">kisi</thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl" ph="k o">ko</word>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="m o">mo</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3" ph="j u n">jun</word>
- <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u" underlying="i">u</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k i s i">kisi</thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl" ph="k i f a d i">kifadi</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a d">kad</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="m o">mo</word> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ɡ a ɲ">ɡaɲ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k i s i">kisi</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl" ph="k o">ko</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="m o">mo</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3" ph="j u n">jun</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u" underlying="i">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k i s i">kisi</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl" ph="k i f a d i">kifadi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kad</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ju</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">mo</word> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl">kaɡoka</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">ɡaɲ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">i</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">kisi</thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">bifi</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" person="1incl">ko</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">mo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1incl" obj="3">jun</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" underlying="i">u</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">kisi</thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">bifi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">kaɡoka</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" person="1incl">kifadi</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kad</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mo</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kaɡoka</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɡaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-i</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kisi</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bifi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ko</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mo</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jun</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-i</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kisi</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bifi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kaɡoka</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kifadi</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>kada ju mo kaɡokaɡaɲi kisi bifi ko mo junu kisi bifi kaɡokaʔu kifadi</p> + <p>kada ju mo kagokagañi kisi bifi ko mo junu kisi bifi kagokaqu kifadi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kad</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mo</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kaɡoka</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɡaɲ</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-i</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kisi</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bifi</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ko</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mo</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jun</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-i</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kisi</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bifi</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kaɡoka</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kifadi</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ i f e">ɡife</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b i n i">bini</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ i f e">ɡife</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b i n i">bini</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k a ɡ o k a">kaɡoka</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ i f e">ɡife</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b i n i">bini</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ɲiɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number">kaɡoka</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" case="LOC">ɡife</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">na</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">bini</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kaɡoka</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡife</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-na</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bini</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɲiɡa ju kaɡokaʔu ɡifena bini</p> + <p>ñiga ju kagokaqu gifena bini</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲiɡ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kaɡoka</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡife</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-na</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bini</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="k o">ko</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k i s o d a">kisoda</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ a f u k a">ɡafuka</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b i n i">bini</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="k o">ko</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k i s o d a">kisoda</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k u s o d a" underlying="k i s o d a">kusoda</word>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ a f u k a">ɡafuka</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b i n i">bini</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="k o">ko</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ɡ">ɲiɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k u s o d a" underlying="k i s o d a">kusoda</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ a f u k a">ɡafuka</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b i n i">bini</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ko</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ɲiɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="k i s o d a">kusoda</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" case="LOC">ɡafuka</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">na</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">bini</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ko</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kisoda</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡafuka</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-na</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bini</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ko ɲiɡa ju kusodaʔu ɡafukana bini</p> + <p>ko ñiga ju kusodaqu gafukana bini</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ko</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiɡ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kisoda</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡafuka</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-na</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bini</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ñiga wiqi hu gikena hi lu qagi liqi ko qagi qafagiqi. Sajoqa ju jahona ja, ko shefa ju mugudaqu maga qigina ha, nadi tabiwa ju ke. Kada ju mo kagokagañi kisi bifi ko mo junu kisi bifi kagokaqu kifadi. Ñiga ju kagokaqu gifena bini, ko ñiga ju kusodaqu gafukana bini.
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech. And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there. And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
A Creation Myth
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/negation/optional
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɲ a d o l">ɲadol</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ i ʔ a">ɲiʔa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="m o">mo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="w i">wi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s i">si</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɲ a d o l">ɲadol</word>
- <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u" underlying="i">u</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ i ʔ a">ɲiʔa</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="m o">mo</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="w i">wi</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s i">si</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɲ a d o l">ɲadol</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u" underlying="i">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ i ʔ a">ɲiʔa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="m o">mo</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="w i">wi</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s i">si</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">ɲadol</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" underlying="i">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">ɲiʔa</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">mo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">wi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">si</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲadol</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-i</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɲiʔa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mo</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wi</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">si</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span></p> + <p>ɲadoluɲiʔa mo wiʔi si</p> + <p>ñadoluñiqa mo wiqi si</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲadol</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-i</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɲiʔa</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mo</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wi</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>si</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l i ɲ i m">liɲim</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="k o">ko</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="n a s o">naso</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="l i">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j u">ju</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l i ɲ i m">liɲim</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="k o">ko</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="n a s o">naso</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="l i">li</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j u">ju</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="l i ɲ i m">liɲim</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="k o">ko</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="n a s o">naso</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="l i">li</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">liɲim</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">ʔi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ko</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">naso</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ju</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">liɲim</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʔi</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ko</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">naso</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">li</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span></p> + <p>liɲima ʔiʔi ko nasoʔu liʔi ju</p> + <p>liñima qiqi ko nasoqu liqi ju</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>liɲim</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʔi</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ko</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>naso</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>li</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ </np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="m i k e j">mikej</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="j o">jo</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="h i ɡ i f i">hiɡifi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="n i">ni</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="k o">ko</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʃ a">ʃa</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="n i">ni</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="m i k e j">mikej</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="j o">jo</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="h i ɡ i f i">hiɡifi</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="n i">ni</thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="k o">ko</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʃ a">ʃa</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="n i">ni</thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="m i k e j">mikej</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="j o">jo</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ u" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="h i ɡ i f i">hiɡifi</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="n i">ni</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="k o">ko</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʃ a">ʃa</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="n i">ni</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">mikej</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ju</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">jo</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" underlying="ʔ i">ʔu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">hiɡifi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">ni</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ko</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʃa</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">ni</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mikej</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jo</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hiɡifi</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ni</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ko</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃa</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ni</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span></p> + <p>mikeja ju joʔu hiɡifini ko ʃani</p> + <p>mikeja ju joqu higifini ko shani</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>mikej</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jo</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hiɡifi</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ni</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ko</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃa</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ni</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module embed:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module subordinate:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
- </vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ </vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="sing">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA"> <subs> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> </subs> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning STA
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA"> - <subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="b a">ba</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i n a n">ɲinan</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="h a m a">hama</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3" ph="k a ɲ">kaɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="l i">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="m o">mo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="n o n i">noni</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ u m i">ɡumi</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="h a">ha</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="but" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="b a">ba</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i n a n">ɲinan</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="h a m a">hama</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3" ph="k a ɲ">kaɲ</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="l i">li</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="m o">mo</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="n o n i">noni</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="n o n u" underlying="n o n i">nonu</word>
<thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ u m i">ɡumi</word>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ u m u" underlying="ɡ u m i">ɡumu</word>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="h a">ha</word>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="b a">ba</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i n a n">ɲinan</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="h a m a">hama</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3" ph="k a ɲ">kaɲ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="i">i</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="b i f i">bifi</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="l i">li</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="m o">mo</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="n o n u" underlying="n o n i">nonu</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɡ u m u" underlying="ɡ u m i">ɡumu</word> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="h a">ha</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">ba</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɲinan</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">hama</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="3" obj="3">kaɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">i</thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">bifi</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">mo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" case="LOC" underlying="n o n i">nonu</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">na</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" case="LOC" underlying="ɡ u m i">ɡumu</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ha</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ba</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲinan</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hama</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-i</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bifi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">li</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mo</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">noni</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-na</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡumi</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>ba ɲinana hamaʔi kaɲi bifi liʔi mo nonuna ɡumu ha</p> + <p>ba ñinana hamaqi kañi bifi liqi mo nonuna gumu ha</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ba</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲinan</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hama</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kaɲ</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-i</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bifi</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>li</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mo</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>noni</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-na</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡumi</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" number="plur">
+ <np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <np locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> <np locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np locus="number" case="LOC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" case="LOC"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred"> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i n e s">hines</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred" ph="h i">hi</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="k o">ko</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred" ph="s a j a n a">sajana</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="n a j e d i">najedi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="k o b a">koba</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="h a">ha</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i n e s">hines</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="j u">ju</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred" ph="h i">hi</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="k o">ko</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred" ph="s a j a n a">sajana</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="n a j e d i">najedi</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="n a">na</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="k o b a">koba</word> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="h a">ha</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">hines</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ju</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred">hi</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred">ko</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred">sajana</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" case="LOC">najedi</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">na</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" case="LOC">koba</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ha</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hines</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hi</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ko</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sajana</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">najedi</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-na</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">koba</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>hinesa ju hi ko sajana najedina koba ha</p> + <p>hinesa ju hi ko sajana najedina koba ha</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>hines</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hi</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ko</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sajana</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>najedi</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-na</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>koba</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/negation/optional
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got STA
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j a b i d">jabid</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ i ʔ a">ɲiʔa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA" ph="l i">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="m o">mo</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j a b i d">jabid</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ i ʔ a">ɲiʔa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA" ph="l i">li</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA" attach="suffix" ph="ʔ i">ʔi</thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="m o">mo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">jabid</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">ɲiʔa</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="STA">li</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="STA">ʔi</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">mo</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jabid</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɲiʔa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">li</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʔi</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">STA</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mo</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span></p> + <p>jabidaɲiʔa liʔi mo</p> + <p>jabidañiqa liqi mo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>jabid</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɲiʔa</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>li</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʔi</o> + <g>STA</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mo</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i j o ɡ">kijoɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="j u">ju</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i j o ɡ">kijoɡ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k u j o ɡ" underlying="k i j o ɡ">kujoɡ</word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="j u">ju</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k u j o ɡ" underlying="k i j o ɡ">kujoɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="a">a</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="j u">ju</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="k i j o ɡ">kujoɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">a</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA">ju</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kijoɡ</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-a</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ju</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span></p> + <p>kujoɡa ju</p> + <p>kujoga ju</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kijoɡ</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-a</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ju</o> + <g>3</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ñadoluñiqa mo wiqi si. Liñima qiqi ko nasoqu liqi ju. Mikeja ju joqu higifini ko shani. Ba ñinana hamaqi kañi bifi liqi mo nonuna gumu ha. Hinesa ju hi ko sajana najedina koba ha. Jabidañiqa liqi mo, kujoga ju.
We are not like other people. Their languages were shaped by struggle and time. They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that. But our language arose in a different way. It was born whole and perfect in a single breath. Our language did not evolve; it was created.
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