A Collection of Texts in Fo
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np role="subj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np role="subj" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" number="plur">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" number="plur">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np role="subj">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj">
+ <np role="subj" gender="neut">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" gender="neut">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" gender="neut">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" role="subj">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" role="subj">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
- </np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</np>
- </np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="kʼʷ oː ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼʷoːŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="kʷ æː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʷæːʃ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷeːʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m ɯ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">mɯt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ŋʷ ɤ n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="b ɨ ɡʷ ɨ f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">bɨɡʷɨf</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /h/ > // + /h/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ">hikʷ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="kʼʷ oː ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼʷoːŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="kʷ æː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʷæːʃ</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷeːʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m ɯ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">mɯt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ŋʷ ɤ n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤn</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="b ɨ ɡʷ ɨ f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">bɨɡʷɨf</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="kʼʷ oː ŋ">kʼʷoːŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="kʷ æː ʃ">kʷæːʃ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ">ŋʷeːʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m ɯ t͡ʃ">mɯt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ŋʷ ɤ n">ŋʷɤn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="b ɨ ɡʷ ɨ f">bɨɡʷɨf</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ">hikʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="kʼʷ oː ŋ">kʼʷoːŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="kʷ æː ʃ">kʷæːʃ</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ">ŋʷeːʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m ɯ t͡ʃ">mɯt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ŋʷ ɤ n">ŋʷɤn</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="b ɨ ɡʷ ɨ f">bɨɡʷɨf</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ ɤ ŋʷ">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="all" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">kʼʷoːŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">kʷæːʃ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">ŋʷeːʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" role="owned" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">mɯt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="masc">ŋʷɤn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">ʋɑs</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">bɨɡʷɨf</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">kʼʷɤŋʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hikʷ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷoːŋ</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷæːʃ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷeːʃ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mɯt͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤn</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɑs</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷɤŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bɨɡʷɨf</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷɤŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span></p> + <p>hikʷ ŋuŋʷ kʼʷoːŋ kʷæːʃ ŋʷɤt͡ʃ ŋʷeːʃ mɯt͡ʃ ŋʷɤn ʋɑs kʼʷɤŋʷ bokʼ bɨɡʷɨf kʼʷɤŋʷ</p> + <p>hiqu ngungw gquoong quääsh ngwơch ngweesh mưch ngwơn was gquơngw bogk bygwyf gquơngw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hikʷ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼʷoːŋ</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷæːʃ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷeːʃ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mɯt͡ʃ</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤn</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɑs</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼʷɤŋʷ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bokʼ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bɨɡʷɨf</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼʷɤŋʷ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Hiqu ngungw gquoong quääsh ngwơch ngweesh mưch ngwơn was gquơngw bogk bygwyf gquơngw. [hikʷ ŋuŋʷ kʼʷoːŋ kʷæːʃ ŋʷɤt͡ʃ ŋʷeːʃ mɯt͡ʃ ŋʷɤn ʋɑs kʼʷɤŋʷ bokʼ bɨɡʷɨf kʼʷɤŋʷ] k- POS hikʷ have ŋuŋʷ PAST kʼʷoːŋ all kʷæːʃ human being ŋʷɤt͡ʃ in ŋʷeːʃ whole mɯt͡ʃ earth ŋʷɤn surface ʋɑs language kʼʷɤŋʷ one bokʼ and bɨɡʷɨf dialect kʼʷɤŋʷ one “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ o ŋ u f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɡʷoŋuf</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="h i ɡ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ i kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃikʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /ɡʷ/ > // + /k/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ o ŋ u f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɡʷoŋuf</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k o ŋ u f" underlying="ɡʷ o ŋ u f">koŋuf</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="h i ɡ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hiɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ i kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃikʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="h i ɡ">hiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ i kʼ">t͡ʃikʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k o ŋ u f" underlying="ɡʷ o ŋ u f">koŋuf</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="h i ɡ">hiɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="t͡ʃ i kʼ">t͡ʃikʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="ɡʷ o ŋ u f">koŋuf</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">ɡuʋ</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">hiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">t͡ʃikʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷoŋuf</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">from</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃikʼ</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kɒŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span></p> + <p>koŋuf ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ hiɡ t͡ʃikʼ kɒŋʷ</p> + <p>konguf ngungw guw hig chigk kɒngw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷoŋuf</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hiɡ</o> + <g>from</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃikʼ</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kɒŋʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Konguf ngungw guw hig chigk kɒngw. [koŋuf ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ hiɡ t͡ʃikʼ kɒŋʷ] k- POS ɡʷoŋuf journey ŋuŋʷ PAST ɡuʋ 3.neut hiɡ from t͡ʃikʼ east kɒŋʷ inside “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="fem">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵏǀ iː" slots="Cir V1">ᵏǀiː</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ɾ uː kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɾuːkʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="f u ŋʷ ɯ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">fuŋʷɯɡʷ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="k ɨ b" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɨb</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /ᵏǀ/ > // + /k/<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵏǀ iː" slots="Cir V1">ᵏǀiː</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k iː" underlying="ᵏǀ iː">kiː</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ɾ uː kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɾuːkʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="f u ŋʷ ɯ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">fuŋʷɯɡʷ</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="k ɨ b" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɨb</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ɾ uː kʷ">ɾuːkʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="f u ŋʷ ɯ ɡʷ">fuŋʷɯɡʷ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="k ɨ b">kɨb</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k iː" underlying="ᵏǀ iː">kiː</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ɾ uː kʷ">ɾuːkʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="f u ŋʷ ɯ ɡʷ">fuŋʷɯɡʷ</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="k ɨ b">kɨb</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">bokʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="ᵏǀ iː">kiː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="wide" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">ɾuːkʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="owned" locus="number" gender="fem">fuŋʷɯɡʷ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="fem">kɨb</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀiː</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾuːkʷ</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fuŋʷɯɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kɨb</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kɒŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span></p> + <p>bokʼ kiː ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ ɾuːkʷ fuŋʷɯɡʷ ŋʷɤt͡ʃ kɨb kɒŋʷ</p> + <p>bogk kii ngungw guw ruuqu fungwưgw ngwơch kyb kɒngw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>bokʼ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀiː</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾuːkʷ</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fuŋʷɯɡʷ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kɨb</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kɒŋʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Bogk kii ngungw guw ruuqu fungwưgw ngwơch kyb kɒngw. [bokʼ kiː ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ ɾuːkʷ fuŋʷɯɡʷ ŋʷɤt͡ʃ kɨb kɒŋʷ] bokʼ and k- POS ᵏǀiː find ŋuŋʷ PAST ɡuʋ 3.neut ɾuːkʷ wide fuŋʷɯɡʷ plain ŋʷɤt͡ʃ in kɨb land kɒŋʷ inside “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="neut"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ u t o t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">t͡ʃutot͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d i h o ʋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dihoʋ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɡ i ɡ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡiɡ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /d/ > // + /d/<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ u t o t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">t͡ʃutot͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d i h o ʋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dihoʋ</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ u t o t͡ʃ">t͡ʃutot͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d i h o ʋ">dihoʋ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɡ i ɡ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡiɡ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɡ i ɡ">ɡiɡ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ u t o t͡ʃ">t͡ʃutot͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d i h o ʋ">dihoʋ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɡ i ɡ">ɡiɡ</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">t͡ʃutot͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">dihoʋ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">ɡiɡ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃutot͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dihoʋ</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>t͡ʃutot͡ʃ dihoʋ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ ɡiɡ</p> + <p>chutoch dihow ngungw guw gig</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃutot͡ʃ</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dihoʋ</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡiɡ</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Chutoch dihow ngungw guw gig. [t͡ʃutot͡ʃ dihoʋ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ ɡiɡ] t͡ʃutot͡ʃ thus k- POS dihoʋ dwell ŋuŋʷ PAST ɡuʋ 3.neut ɡiɡ there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
submodule transform_verb_obj
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="sing">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj">
- <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" person="1incl">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj">
- <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" person="1incl">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" person="1incl">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" person="1incl">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" person="1incl">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" person="1incl">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</subs>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/verb/mode/optional
Got imperative
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/mode/optional
Got imperative
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - </np> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - </np> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> - </subs> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɒ m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒm</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="m e ŋ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">meŋe</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ɨ" slots="Cms V2">fɨ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ" slots="V1 V2 Cfs">ɑɨɡʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="t͡ʃ i ɾ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃiɾ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ" slots="V1 V2 Cfs">ɑɨɡʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">meŋe</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="s ɨ n ɯː ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">sɨnɯːɡ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /k/ > // + /k//k/ + /m/ > // + /k/
/e/ + /f/ > /e/ + /f/
/ɨ/ + /ɑ/ > // + /ɤ/
/k/ + /t͡ʃ/ > // + /k/
/ɾ/ + /ɑ/ > // + /ɑ/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɒ m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɒ m">kɒm</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="m e ŋ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">meŋe</word> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ɨ" slots="Cms V2">fɨ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ" slots="V1 V2 Cfs">ɑɨɡʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="k e ŋ e" underlying="m e ŋ e">keŋe</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f" underlying="f ɨ">f</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɤ ɨ ɡʷ" underlying="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ">ɤɨɡʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="t͡ʃ i ɾ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃiɾ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ" slots="V1 V2 Cfs">ɑɨɡʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="k i" underlying="t͡ʃ i ɾ">ki</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ">ɑɨɡʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">meŋe</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="s ɨ n ɯː ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">sɨnɯːɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e">meŋe</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="s ɨ n ɯː ɡ">sɨnɯːɡ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɒ m">kɒm</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="make₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="k e ŋ e" underlying="m e ŋ e">keŋe</word> - <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f" underlying="f ɨ">f</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɤ ɨ ɡʷ" underlying="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ">ɤɨɡʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="k i" underlying="t͡ʃ i ɾ">ki</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ">ɑɨɡʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e">meŋe</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="s ɨ n ɯː ɡ">sɨnɯːɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kɒm</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɡuʋ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word gloss="brick" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" underlying="m e ŋ e">keŋe</word> + <thingy gloss="make₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" underlying="f ɨ">f</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" underlying="ɑ ɨ ɡʷ">ɤɨɡʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">bokʼ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" underlying="t͡ʃ i ɾ">ki</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative">ɑɨɡʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">meŋe</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly">sɨnɯːɡ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kɒm</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤːm</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">meŋe</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-fɨ</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɑɨɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤːm</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃiɾ</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɑɨɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">meŋe</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sɨnɯːɡ</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>kɒm ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ ŋʷɤːm keŋefɤɨɡʷ bokʼ ŋʷɤːm kiɑɨɡʷ meŋe sɨnɯːɡ</p> + <p>kɒm ngungw guw ngwơơm kengefơygw bogk ngwơơm kiaygw menge synưưg</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kɒm</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤːm</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>meŋe</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-fɨ</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɑɨɡʷ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bokʼ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤːm</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃiɾ</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɑɨɡʷ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>meŋe</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sɨnɯːɡ</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Kɒm ngungw guw ngwơơm kengefơygw bogk ngwơơm kiaygw menge synưưg. [kɒm ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ ŋʷɤːm keŋefɤɨɡʷ bokʼ ŋʷɤːm kiɑɨɡʷ meŋe sɨnɯːɡ] k- POS kɒm say ŋuŋʷ PAST ɡuʋ 3.neut ŋʷɤːm 1incl k- POS meŋe brick -fɨ make -ɑɨɡʷ imperative bokʼ and ŋʷɤːm 1incl k- POS t͡ʃiɾ burn -ɑɨɡʷ imperative meŋe brick sɨnɯːɡ thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">meŋe</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dɨmɯs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="n ɤ ɾ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">nɤɾ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /h/ > // + /h/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ">hikʷ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">meŋe</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dɨmɯs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="n ɤ ɾ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">nɤɾ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e">meŋe</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s">dɨmɯs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="n ɤ ɾ">nɤɾ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ">hikʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m e ŋ e">meŋe</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s">dɨmɯs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="n ɤ ɾ">nɤɾ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">meŋe</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">dɨmɯs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut">nɤɾ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hikʷ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">meŋe</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dɨmɯs</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nɤɾ</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span></p> + <p>hikʷ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ meŋe dɨmɯs nɤɾ</p> + <p>hiqu ngungw guw menge dymưs nơr</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hikʷ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>meŋe</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dɨmɯs</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>nɤɾ</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Hiqu ngungw guw menge dymưs nơr. [hikʷ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ meŋe dɨmɯs nɤɾ] k- POS hikʷ have ŋuŋʷ PAST ɡuʋ 3.neut meŋe brick dɨmɯs PURP nɤɾ stone “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="d ɒ ʃ ɯ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dɒʃɯɡ</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dɨmɯs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="s o f ɨ kʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">sofɨkʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /h/ > // + /h/<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">hikʷ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ">hikʷ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="d ɒ ʃ ɯ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dɒʃɯɡ</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dɨmɯs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="s o f ɨ kʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">sofɨkʷ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="d ɒ ʃ ɯ ɡ">dɒʃɯɡ</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s">dɨmɯs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="s o f ɨ kʷ">sofɨkʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i kʷ">hikʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="d ɒ ʃ ɯ ɡ">dɒʃɯɡ</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="d ɨ m ɯ s">dɨmɯs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="s o f ɨ kʷ">sofɨkʷ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">bokʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">hikʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">dɒʃɯɡ</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">dɨmɯs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem">sofɨkʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hikʷ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dɒʃɯɡ</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dɨmɯs</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sofɨkʷ</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span></p> + <p>bokʼ hikʷ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ dɒʃɯɡ dɨmɯs sofɨkʷ</p> + <p>bogk hiqu ngungw guw dɒshưg dymưs sofyqu</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>bokʼ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hikʷ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dɒʃɯɡ</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dɨmɯs</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sofɨkʷ</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Bogk hiqu ngungw guw dɒshưg dymưs sofyqu. [bokʼ hikʷ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ dɒʃɯɡ dɨmɯs sofɨkʷ] bokʼ and k- POS hikʷ have ŋuŋʷ PAST ɡuʋ 3.neut dɒʃɯɡ slime dɨmɯs PURP sofɨkʷ mortar “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owned" number="plur" def="neither" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="plur" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" number="plur">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" number="plur">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/negation/obligatoryGot NEG
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ" slots="Cip">kʼʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ʋ e t͡ʃ ɯ k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ʋet͡ʃɯk</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ e kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʃekʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme" ph="kʷ æː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʷæːʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ" slots="Cip">kʼʷ</thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ʋ e t͡ʃ ɯ k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ʋet͡ʃɯk</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ʋ ɤ t͡ʃ ɯ k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="ʋ e t͡ʃ ɯ k">ʋɤt͡ʃɯk</word>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ e kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʃekʷ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme" ph="kʷ æː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʷæːʃ</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/kʼʷ/ + /ʋ/ > /kʼʷ/ + /ʋ/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ" slots="Cip">kʼʷ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ʋ ɤ t͡ʃ ɯ k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="ʋ e t͡ʃ ɯ k">ʋɤt͡ʃɯk</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ">kʼʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ʋ ɤ t͡ʃ ɯ k" underlying="ʋ e t͡ʃ ɯ k">ʋɤt͡ʃɯk</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ e kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʃekʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme" ph="kʷ æː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʷæːʃ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ e kʷ">ʃekʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme" ph="kʷ æː ʃ">kʷæːʃ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ">kʼʷ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ʋ ɤ t͡ʃ ɯ k" underlying="ʋ e t͡ʃ ɯ k">ʋɤt͡ʃɯk</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ e kʷ">ʃekʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme" ph="kʷ æː ʃ">kʷæːʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG">kʼʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" underlying="ʋ e t͡ʃ ɯ k">ʋɤt͡ʃɯk</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="other" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">ʃekʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" role="owned" locus="number" gender="neut" tr="rheme">kʷæːʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋet͡ʃɯk</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤːm</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃekʷ</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷæːʃ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span></p> + <p>kʼʷʋɤt͡ʃɯk ŋʷɤːm ʃekʷ kʷæːʃ</p> + <p>gquwơchưk ngwơơm shequ quääsh</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kʼʷ-</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋet͡ʃɯk</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤːm</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃekʷ</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷæːʃ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Gquwơchưk ngwơơm shequ quääsh. [kʼʷʋɤt͡ʃɯk ŋʷɤːm ʃekʷ kʷæːʃ] kʼʷ- NEG ʋet͡ʃɯk resemble ŋʷɤːm 1incl ʃekʷ other kʷæːʃ human being “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
- <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼ e ɡʷ o ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kʼeɡʷoɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʋ ɯ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɯs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʼ ɤ ɾ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼɤɾ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /kʼ/ > // + /k/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼ e ɡʷ o ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kʼeɡʷoɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k e ɡʷ o ɡ" underlying="kʼ e ɡʷ o ɡ">keɡʷoɡ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʋ ɯ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɯs</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʼ ɤ ɾ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼɤɾ</word> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʋ ɯ s">ʋɯs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʼ ɤ ɾ">kʼɤɾ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k e ɡʷ o ɡ" underlying="kʼ e ɡʷ o ɡ">keɡʷoɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʋ ɯ s">ʋɯs</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="kʼ ɤ ɾ">kʼɤɾ</word> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="kʼ e ɡʷ o ɡ">keɡʷoɡ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">ʋɯs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">kʼɤɾ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="theme">ʋɑs</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼeɡʷoɡ</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɯs</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼɤɾ</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɑs</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span></p> + <p>keɡʷoɡ ŋuŋʷ ʋɯs bokʼ kʼɤɾ ɡuʋ ʋɑs</p> + <p>kegwog ngungw wưs bogk gkơr guw was</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼeɡʷoɡ</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɯs</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bokʼ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼɤɾ</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɑs</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Kegwog ngungw wưs bogk gkơr guw was. [keɡʷoɡ ŋuŋʷ ʋɯs bokʼ kʼɤɾ ɡuʋ ʋɑs] k- POS kʼeɡʷoɡ shape ŋuŋʷ PAST ʋɯs fight bokʼ and kʼɤɾ time ɡuʋ 3.neut ʋɑs language “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner"/> </np> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner"/> </np> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem"> - <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem"/> - <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner"/> - </np> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e s+t ɯ kʼ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ᵑǀestɯkʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" ph="t͡ʃ ɨ ɾ ɒ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">t͡ʃɨɾɒs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" ph="kʼ i ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼiŋʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme" ph="ŋʷ ɒ f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɒf</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e s+t ɯ kʼ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ᵑǀestɯkʼ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ ɤ s+t ɯ kʼ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="ᵑǀ e s+t ɯ kʼ">ᵑǀɤstɯkʼ</word>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" ph="t͡ʃ ɨ ɾ ɒ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">t͡ʃɨɾɒs</word>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" ph="kʼ i ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼiŋʷ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme" ph="ŋʷ ɒ f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɒf</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/k/ + /ᵑǀ/ > // + /k/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ ɤ s+t ɯ kʼ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="ᵑǀ e s+t ɯ kʼ">ᵑǀɤstɯkʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɤ s+t ɯ kʼ" underlying="ᵑǀ e s+t ɯ kʼ">kɤstɯkʼ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" ph="t͡ʃ ɨ ɾ ɒ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">t͡ʃɨɾɒs</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" ph="kʼ i ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kʼiŋʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme" ph="ŋʷ ɒ f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɒf</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" ph="t͡ʃ ɨ ɾ ɒ s">t͡ʃɨɾɒs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" ph="kʼ i ŋʷ">kʼiŋʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme" ph="ŋʷ ɒ f">ŋʷɒf</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɤ s+t ɯ kʼ" underlying="ᵑǀ e s+t ɯ kʼ">kɤstɯkʼ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ɡ u ʋ">ɡuʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner" ph="t͡ʃ ɨ ɾ ɒ s">t͡ʃɨɾɒs</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" ph="kʼ i ŋʷ">kʼiŋʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme" ph="ŋʷ ɒ f">ŋʷɒf</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="ᵑǀ e s+t ɯ kʼ">kɤstɯkʼ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ɡuʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="fem" role="owner">t͡ʃɨɾɒs</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="fem">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner">kʼiŋʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" tr="rheme">ŋʷɒf</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀestɯkʼ</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡuʋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃɨɾɒs</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼiŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɒf</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span></p> + <p>kɤstɯkʼ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ t͡ʃɨɾɒs bokʼ kʼiŋʷ ŋʷɒf</p> + <p>kơstưgk ngungw guw chyrɒs bogk gkingw ngwɒf</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀestɯkʼ</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡuʋ</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃɨɾɒs</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bokʼ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼiŋʷ</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɒf</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Kơstưgk ngungw guw chyrɒs bogk gkingw ngwɒf. [kɤstɯkʼ ŋuŋʷ ɡuʋ t͡ʃɨɾɒs bokʼ kʼiŋʷ ŋʷɒf] k- POS ᵑǀestɯkʼ copy ŋuŋʷ PAST ɡuʋ 3.neut t͡ʃɨɾɒs mammal bokʼ and kʼiŋʷ bird ŋʷɒf sound “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module adj2noun:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> </np> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module embed:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nominalise:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
<np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut">
- <np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" gender="masc">
+ <np role="owner" gender="masc" case="STA">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" case="STA">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" case="STA" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc" case="STA">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" role="obj">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="neut" case="STA" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="masc" case="STA">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="masc" role="obj">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
- </np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA"/> </np> <np role="owner" gender="masc" case="STA"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/> </np> </subs> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA"/> </np> <np role="owner" gender="masc" case="STA"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/> </np> </subs> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <np def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" gender="masc" case="STA"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="k uː kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kuːkʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ i kʷ ɯ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kʼʷikʷɯŋ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA" ph="f o" slots="Cir V1">fo</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="ʋ ɒː d" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɒːd</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s e ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">seʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="t͡ʃ æ ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃæʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="but" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="k uː kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kuːkʼ</word>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ i kʷ ɯ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kʼʷikʷɯŋ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ ɯ kʷ ɯ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="kʼʷ i kʷ ɯ ŋ">kʼʷɯkʷɯŋ</word>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA" ph="f o" slots="Cir V1">fo</word>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="ʋ ɒː d" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɒːd</word>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s e ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">seʋ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="t͡ʃ æ ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃæʋ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/k/ + /kʼʷ/ > // + /k//k/ + /ʋ/ > // + /k/
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="k uː kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kuːkʼ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʼʷ ɯ kʷ ɯ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="kʼʷ i kʷ ɯ ŋ">kʼʷɯkʷɯŋ</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="k uː kʼ">kuːkʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɯ kʷ ɯ ŋ" underlying="kʼʷ i kʷ ɯ ŋ">kɯkʷɯŋ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA" ph="f o" slots="Cir V1">fo</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="ʋ ɒː d" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɒːd</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA" ph="f o">fo</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="k ɒː d" underlying="ʋ ɒː d">kɒːd</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s e ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">seʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="t͡ʃ æ ʋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃæʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s e ʋ">seʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="t͡ʃ æ ʋ">t͡ʃæʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="k uː kʼ">kuːkʼ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɯ kʷ ɯ ŋ" underlying="kʼʷ i kʷ ɯ ŋ">kɯkʷɯŋ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA" ph="f o">fo</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" ph="k ɒː d" underlying="ʋ ɒː d">kɒːd</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s e ʋ">seʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="t͡ʃ æ ʋ">t͡ʃæʋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">kuːkʼ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="kʼʷ i kʷ ɯ ŋ">kɯkʷɯŋ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut" case="STA">fo</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.masc" underlying="ʋ ɒː d">kɒːd</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">ʋɑs</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="different" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">seʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">t͡ʃæʋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kuːkʼ</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷikʷɯŋ</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɒːd</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤːm</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɑs</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">seʋ</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃæʋ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kɒŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span></p> + <p>kuːkʼ kɯkʷɯŋ ŋuŋʷ fo kɒːd ŋʷɤːm ʋɑs ŋʷɤt͡ʃ seʋ t͡ʃæʋ kɒŋʷ</p> + <p>kuugk kưquưng ngungw fo kɒɒd ngwơơm was ngwơch sew chäw kɒngw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kuːkʼ</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼʷikʷɯŋ</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɒːd</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤːm</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɑs</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>seʋ</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃæʋ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kɒŋʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Kuugk kưquưng ngungw fo kɒɒd ngwơơm was ngwơch sew chäw kɒngw. [kuːkʼ kɯkʷɯŋ ŋuŋʷ fo kɒːd ŋʷɤːm ʋɑs ŋʷɤt͡ʃ seʋ t͡ʃæʋ kɒŋʷ] kuːkʼ but k- POS kʼʷikʷɯŋ arise ŋuŋʷ PAST fo langname k- POS ʋɒːd be ŋʷɤːm 1incl ʋɑs language ŋʷɤt͡ʃ in seʋ different t͡ʃæʋ manner kɒŋʷ inside “But Fo, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module adj2noun:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
</np>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
+ </np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/> </np> <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> </np> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" number="plur">
+ <np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="pred">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="pred">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np type="owner_owned" role="pred">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" role="pred">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="pred">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="pred">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
- </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/>
</np>
<np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
- </np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number"/> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> </np> <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred"> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" locus="number"/> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" locus="number"/> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np def="def" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i s ɒː m" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kisɒːm</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʋ ɤ t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɤt</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷeːʃ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ u m i d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ʃumid</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s ɯ ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">sɯŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="kʼ æ ŋ ɒː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">kʼæŋɒː</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/k/ + /k/ > // + /k/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i s ɒː m" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kisɒːm</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i s ɒː m">kisɒːm</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʋ ɤ t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɤt</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷeːʃ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="b o kʼ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ u m i d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ʃumid</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s ɯ ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">sɯŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="kʼ æ ŋ ɒː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">kʼæŋɒː</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">kɒŋʷ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʋ ɤ t">ʋɤt</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ">ŋʷeːʃ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ u m i d">ʃumid</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s ɯ ŋ">sɯŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="kʼ æ ŋ ɒː">kʼæŋɒː</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i s ɒː m">kisɒːm</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʋ ɤ t">ʋɤt</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ŋʷ eː ʃ">ŋʷeːʃ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="b o kʼ">bokʼ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="ʃ u m i d">ʃumid</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋʷ ɤ t͡ʃ">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner" ph="s ɯ ŋ">sɯŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="kʼ æ ŋ ɒː">kʼæŋɒː</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="k ɒ ŋʷ">kɒŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kisɒːm</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʋɤt</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="whole" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">ŋʷeːʃ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred">bokʼ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="perfect" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">ʃumid</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="single" lexposp="adj" def="def" role="owner">sɯŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" role="owned" locus="number" gender="masc">kʼæŋɒː</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">kɒŋʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kisɒːm</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɤt</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷeːʃ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bokʼ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃumid</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sɯŋ</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼæŋɒː</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kɒŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span></p> + <p>kisɒːm ŋuŋʷ ʋɤt ŋʷeːʃ bokʼ ʃumid ŋʷɤt͡ʃ sɯŋ kʼæŋɒː kɒŋʷ</p> + <p>kisɒɒm ngungw wơt ngweesh bogk shumid ngwơch sưng gkängɒɒ kɒngw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kisɒːm</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɤt</o> + <g>3.masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷeːʃ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bokʼ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃumid</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤt͡ʃ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sɯŋ</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼæŋɒː</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kɒŋʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Kisɒɒm ngungw wơt ngweesh bogk shumid ngwơch sưng gkängɒɒ kɒngw [kisɒːm ŋuŋʷ ʋɤt ŋʷeːʃ bokʼ ʃumid ŋʷɤt͡ʃ sɯŋ kʼæŋɒː kɒŋʷ] k- POS kisɒːm appear ŋuŋʷ PAST ʋɤt 3.masc ŋʷeːʃ whole bokʼ and ʃumid perfect ŋʷɤt͡ʃ in sɯŋ single kʼæŋɒː breath kɒŋʷ inside “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" gender="masc">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" case="STA">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" case="STA" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" case="STA" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl" case="STA">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl" case="STA"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/negation/obligatoryGot NEG
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl" case="STA"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl" case="STA"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ" slots="Cip">kʼʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɾ ɒ n u n" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɾɒnun</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/kʼʷ/ + /ɾ/ > /kʼʷ/ + /ɾ/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ" slots="Cip">kʼʷ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɾ ɒ n u n" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɾɒnun</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ">kʼʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɾ ɒ n u n">ɾɒnun</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɑs</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="kʼʷ">kʼʷ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɾ ɒ n u n">ɾɒnun</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA" ph="ŋʷ ɤː m">ŋʷɤːm</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="ʋ ɑ s">ʋɑs</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG">kʼʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɾɒnun</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="STA">ŋʷɤːm</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="STA" tr="theme">ʋɑs</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾɒnun</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷɤːm</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɑs</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span></p> + <p>kʼʷɾɒnun ŋuŋʷ ŋʷɤːm ʋɑs</p> + <p>gqurɒnun ngungw ngwơơm was</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kʼʷ-</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾɒnun</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷɤːm</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɑs</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Gqurɒnun ngungw ngwơơm was. [kʼʷɾɒnun ŋuŋʷ ŋʷɤːm ʋɑs] kʼʷ- NEG ɾɒnun evolve ŋuŋʷ PAST ŋʷɤːm 1incl ʋɑs language “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module adj2noun:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/>
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" gender="masc"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ æ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">t͡ʃækʷɯkʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ʋ ɤ t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɤt</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ æ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">t͡ʃækʷɯkʼʷ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ ɑ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="t͡ʃ æ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ">t͡ʃɑkʷɯkʼʷ</word>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ʋ ɤ t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɤt</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/k/ + /t͡ʃ/ > // + /k/<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k" slots="Cip">k</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ ɑ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="t͡ʃ æ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ">t͡ʃɑkʷɯkʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɑ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ" underlying="t͡ʃ æ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ">kɑkʷɯkʼʷ</word> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ʋ ɤ t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʋɤt</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ʋ ɤ t">ʋɤt</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="k"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k ɑ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ" underlying="t͡ʃ æ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ">kɑkʷɯkʼʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ u ŋʷ">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="STA" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="ʋ ɤ t">ʋɤt</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" underlying="k"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="t͡ʃ æ kʷ ɯ kʼʷ">kɑkʷɯkʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA">ʋɤt</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃækʷɯkʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋɤt</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc</span></span></p> + <p>kɑkʷɯkʼʷ ŋuŋʷ ʋɤt</p> + <p>kaquưgqu ngungw wơt</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>k-</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃækʷɯkʼʷ</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuŋʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋɤt</o> + <g>3.masc</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Kaquưgqu ngungw wơt. [kɑkʷɯkʼʷ ŋuŋʷ ʋɤt] k- POS t͡ʃækʷɯkʼʷ create ŋuŋʷ PAST ʋɤt 3.masc “It was created.” | (14) |
Language creation took 0.03 seconds; writing the texts 0.04 seconds.