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A Collection of Texts in Unang

What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.

The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)

And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.

हस् हिल् दोत्स़् क्तोप् ङ्वच् क्त़ात़् मेप् ङ्विब् द़द़् ङ्वुत्स् वग् द़द़् ङ्विकगेस़्।

[has hil dot͡sˤ ᵏǀop ŋʷat͡ʃ ᵏǀˤaːtˤ mep ŋʷib dˤadˤ ŋʷut͡s waɡ dˤadˤ ŋʷikaɡesˤ]

has
then hi
have -l
PAST dot͡sˤ
plur ᵏǀo
all -p
PRES ŋʷ-
NOM at͡ʃ
human being ᵏǀˤaːtˤ
in_surface me
whole -p
PRES ŋʷ-
NOM ib
earth dˤadˤ
one ŋʷ-
NOM ut͡s
language waɡ
and dˤadˤ
one ŋʷ-
NOM ikaɡesˤ
dialect

“All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.”

 (1)

And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.

किदिल् त़िल् होत़् ङ्वेग्।

[kidil tˤil hotˤ ŋʷeɡ]

kidi
journey -l
PAST tˤil
3.plur hotˤ
from_inside ŋʷ-
NOM eɡ
east

“They journeyed from the east.”

 (2)
हस् नाल् त़िल् सप् ङ्वस़ऩिन् त़त्स़् ङ्वेऩ्।

[has naːl tˤil sap ŋʷasˤanˤin tˤat͡sˤ ŋʷenˤ]

has
then naː
find -l
PAST tˤil
3.plur sa
wide -p
PRES ŋʷ-
NOM asˤanˤin
plain tˤat͡sˤ
in_inside ŋʷ-
NOM enˤ
land

“And they found a wide plain in the a land.”

 (3)
ङ्तेगूस़् वफ़ोल् त़िल् ग्वाञ्।

[ᵑǀeɡuːsˤ wafol tˤil ɡʷaːɲ]

ᵑǀeɡuːsˤ
thus wafo
dwell -l
PAST tˤil
3.plur ɡʷaːɲ
there

“Thus they dwelled there.”

 (4)

And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.

द़ैल् त़िल् ग्वोप् स़ञ् यैक् दोत्स़् ङ्वोङुद़िय् त्सहौल् वग् मोप् स़ञ् यैक् दोत्स़् ङ्वोङुद़िय् त्सहौल् बिसौत़्।

[dˤail tˤil ɡʷop sˤaɲ jaik dot͡sˤ ŋʷoŋudˤij t͡sahoːl waɡ mop sˤaɲ jaik dot͡sˤ ŋʷoŋudˤij t͡sahoːl bisautˤ]

dˤai
say -l
PAST tˤil
3.plur ɡʷo
make -p
PRES sˤaɲ
imperative jaik
1incl.plur dot͡sˤ
plur ŋʷ-
NOM oŋudˤij
brick t͡sahoːl
COMP waɡ
and mo
burn -p
PRES sˤaɲ
imperative jaik
1incl.plur dot͡sˤ
plur ŋʷ-
NOM oŋudˤij
brick t͡sahoːl
COMP bisautˤ
thoroughly

“They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.”

 (5)

And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.

हिल् त़िल् ङ्वोङुद़िय् ङ्तत्स़ीप् ङ्वैक्व्।

[hil tˤil ŋʷoŋudˤij ᵑǀat͡sˤiːp ŋʷeːkʷ]

hi
have -l
PAST tˤil
3.plur ŋʷ-
NOM oŋudˤij
brick ᵑǀat͡sˤiːp
PURP ŋʷ-
NOM eːkʷ
stone

“They had bricks for stone.”

 (6)
वग् हिल् त़िल् ङ्वङिस़स् ङ्तत्स़ीप् ङ्वयोद़व्।

[waɡ hil tˤil ŋʷaŋisˤas ᵑǀat͡sˤiːp ŋʷajodˤaw]

waɡ
and hi
have -l
PAST tˤil
3.plur ŋʷ-
NOM aŋisˤas
slime ᵑǀat͡sˤiːp
PURP ŋʷ-
NOM ajodˤaw
mortar

“And they had slime for mortar.”

 (7)

A Creation Myth

We are not like other people.

हस् नुब् त्सस़ीप् यैक् दोत्स़् ग्वैप् ङ्वच्।

[has nub t͡sasˤiːp jaik dot͡sˤ ɡʷaip ŋʷat͡ʃ]

has
then nub
NEG t͡sasˤiː
resemble -p
PRES jaik
1incl.plur dot͡sˤ
plur ɡʷai
other -p
PRES ŋʷ-
NOM at͡ʃ
human being

“We do not resemble other humans.”

 (8)

Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.

मियैल् ङ्वोत़् वग् ङ्वेय् त़िल् दोत्स़् ङ्वुत्स्।

[mijail ŋʷotˤ waɡ ŋʷej tˤil dot͡sˤ ŋʷut͡s]

mijai
shape -l
PAST ŋʷ-
NOM otˤ
fight waɡ
and ŋʷ-
NOM ej
time tˤil
3.plur dot͡sˤ
plur ŋʷ-
NOM ut͡s
language

“Their languages were shaped by fight and time.”

 (9)

They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.

ङ्त़िक्विल् त़िल् दोत्स़् दोत्स़् ङ्वोद़ोनक् वग् दोत्स़् ङ्वेत्स् दोत्स़् ङ्वल्।

[ᵑǀˤikʷil tˤil dot͡sˤ dot͡sˤ ŋʷodˤonak waɡ dot͡sˤ ŋʷet͡s dot͡sˤ ŋʷal]

ᵑǀˤikʷi
copy -l
PAST tˤil
3.plur dot͡sˤ
plur dot͡sˤ
plur ŋʷ-
NOM odˤonak
mammal waɡ
and dot͡sˤ
plur ŋʷ-
NOM et͡s
bird dot͡sˤ
plur ŋʷ-
NOM al
sound

“They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.”

 (10)

But our language arose in a different way.

हस् गत्सैल् ङाप् ङ्वुऩङ् यैक् ङ्वुत्स् त़त्स़् ङूप् ङ्वालोऩ्।

[has ɡat͡seːl ŋaːp ŋʷunˤaŋ jaik ŋʷut͡s tˤat͡sˤ ŋuːp ŋʷaːlonˤ]

has
then ɡat͡seː
arise -l
PAST ŋaː
be -p
PRES ŋʷ-
NOM unˤaŋ
langname jaik
1incl.plur ŋʷ-
NOM ut͡s
language tˤat͡sˤ
in_inside ŋuː
different -p
PRES ŋʷ-
NOM aːlonˤ
manner

“But Unang, which is our language, arose in a different way.”

 (11)

It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.

हस् ऩत़ल् त्सौक्व् मेप् वग् कुचाप् त़त्स़् लुप् ङ्वूग्वेनुस़्

[has nˤatˤal t͡saukʷ mep waɡ kut͡ʃaːp tˤat͡sˤ lup ŋʷuːɡʷenusˤ]

has
then nˤatˤa
appear -l
PAST t͡saukʷ
3.sing me
whole -p
PRES waɡ
and kut͡ʃaː
perfect -p
PRES tˤat͡sˤ
in_inside lu
single -p
PRES ŋʷ-
NOM uːɡʷenusˤ
breath

“It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath”

 (12)

Our language did not evolve; it was created.

नुब् पुमुल् यैक् ङ्वुत्स्।

[nub pumul jaik ŋʷut͡s]

nub
NEG pumu
evolve -l
PAST jaik
1incl.plur ŋʷ-
NOM ut͡s
language

“Our language did not evolve.”

 (13)
ङ्तग्वेल् त्सौक्व्।

[ᵑǀaɡʷel t͡saukʷ]

ᵑǀaɡʷe
create -l
PAST t͡saukʷ
3.sing

“It was created.”

 (14)

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