A Grammar of Nagin

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Nagin language (the 984th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Nagin.

Typological Profile

It has four genders.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Nagin has a moderately large consonant inventory, with 30 phonemes.

It has a notable dental–alveolar contrast across several manners, a system with marginal but genuine retroflex contrasts and a broad and varied fricative inventory.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Nagin. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

	labial	dental	alveolar	postalveolar	alveolo-palatal	lateral	palatal	retroflex	velar	glottal
stop	p b		d t					ɖ ʈ	k ɡ	ʔ
ejective stop									kʼ
nasal	m		n				ɲ	ɳ	ŋ
trill/tap/flap								ɽ
fricative	f	θ	s	ʃ				ʂ	x	h
approximant	ʋ					ɾ	j
affricate			t͡s	t͡ʃ	t͡ɕ

Vowels

Nagin has 9 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.

It has occasional ghost vowels that surface only weakly and front rounded vowels (these are cross-linguistically relatively uncommon, but occur in a number of well-known languages, including French, German, Turkish and Mandarin).

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Nagin. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

	front unrounded	front rounded	central	back
close	i	y		u
mid	e	ø		o
open			a

Stress and Tones

Nagin has neither phonemic stress nor lexical tone. Prosodic prominence and pitch variation are determined by pragmatic and discourse factors rather than by lexical contrasts.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

The language employs vowel harmony. To be specific, the following vowels change to match the first vowel of the root: /u/ becomes /y/, /o/ becomes /ø/.

Writing System

Introduction

Nagin is normally written using the Devanagari abugida, the script employed for Sanskrit, Hindi, Marathi and several other Indo-Aryan languages. This grammar also makes systematic use of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to present an exact account of pronunciation.

Devanagari’s syllabic structure differs markedly from the IPA’s segmental approach, so the two notations complement one another: the script shows the organisation of syllables, while the IPA supplies detail on individual sounds.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

अ /a/	आ /aː/	इ /i/	ई /iː/
उ /u/	ऊ /uː/	ए /e/	ऐ /ai, eː/
ओ /o/	औ /au, oː/	क् /k/	ग् /ɡ/
ङ् /ŋ/	च् /t͡ɕ/	ञ् /ɲ/	ट् /ʈ/
ड् /ɖ/	ण् /ɳ/	त् /t/	थ् /θ/
द् /d/	न् /n/	प् /p/	ब् /b/
म् /m/	य् /j/	र् /ɾ/	ऱ् /ɽ/
व् /ʋ/	श् /ʃ/	ष् /ʂ/	स् /s/
ह् /h/	ऽ /ʔ/	क़ /kʼ/	फ़् /f/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

च्ष् /t͡ʃ/	त्स् /t͡s/	य्उ /y/
य्ऊ /yː/	य्ओ /ø/	य्औ /øː/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Nagin does not have grammatical number.

Gender

Nagin has the following genders:

Gender cl.1 – for instance: अपिण् ‘urine’, ञोङ् ‘knife’, डोर्युव् ‘snake’, णङिक् ‘dust’, त्सिऽऐन् ‘money’, थिप्युर् ‘salt’, थैब् ‘rain’, थोत्सोन् ‘jaguar’, दिऽयुन् ‘box’, नस् ‘hair’, पिचुच् ‘smoke’, पोच् ‘child’, बङ् ‘north’, युञ्योफ़् ‘fog’, य्यौण् ‘wife’, रुमङ् ‘ash’, वर् ‘girl’, वेङ् ‘woman’, षैफ़् ‘daughter’, क़एङैट् ‘slime’.

Gender cl.2 – for instance: अअश् ‘medicine’, उऊद् ‘school’, डफ़् ‘east’, णेपच्ष् ‘God’, तुतौञ् ‘flower’, दश् ‘man’, दैर् ‘city’, नोर्यूफ़् ‘root’, प्युफ़् ‘inside’, बिञ् ‘father’, बून् ‘sky’, माक़ ‘star’, मफ़् ‘moon’, योष् ‘fruit’, रैप् ‘tree’, वुस्युप् ‘grass’, षिडाङ् ‘market’, हैम् ‘son’, क़एप् ‘surface’, फ़ुप् ‘sun’.

Gender cl.3 – for instance: टषुस् ‘neighbour’, डिडेच् ‘mammal’, तव् ‘tongue’, तिण्युत् ‘mouse’, तोपच् ‘louse’, त्साष् ‘hand’, त्स्योक् ‘nose’, दुशिऽ ‘cheese’, पौड् ‘bone’, मनु ‘penis’, वु ‘blood’, वैक़ ‘top’, षक् ‘chair’, षिऽऔऽ ‘book’, हुफ़् ‘leg’, ह्युग् ‘friend’, ऽअवाण् ‘fingernail’, क़इबोच्ष् ‘neck’, क़ईफ़् ‘skin’, फ़ोङन् ‘bosom’.

Gender cl.4 – for instance: कर् ‘year’, कुथीऱ् ‘horn’, गिऱ्युङ् ‘library’, ङस् ‘sea’, चौथ् ‘people’, ञड् ‘speech’, ञेत्योस् ‘plain’, डौस् ‘road’, तुत् ‘sound’, दिरोर् ‘dialect’, पराऱ् ‘lake’, पिफ़्योफ़् ‘tower’, बौङ् ‘colour’, मड् ‘name’, माह् ‘animal’, षएन् ‘breath’, षोषौप् ‘lamb’, ऽअञाट् ‘ice’, ऽउप् ‘human being’, ऽएत्सिफ़् ‘wild boar’.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Nagin can be exemplified by the following example:

initial XML:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>woman</noun>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>knife</noun>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
      <adj>blind</adj>
      <num>three</num>
      <det>yon</det>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>woman</noun>
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>knife</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
-      <adj>blind</adj>
-      <num>three</num>
-      <det>yon</det>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module constorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for yon/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
+      <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-      <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-      </pp>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; e &#x14B;">ʋeŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x283; e t y &#x14B;">ʃetyŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x272; o &#x14B;">ɲoŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="h o&#x2D0;">hoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="u &#x283; a &#x282;">uʃaʂ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27E;">t͡ɕeɾ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; e &#x14B;">ʋeŋ</word>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x283; e t y &#x14B;">ʃetyŋ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x272; o &#x14B;">ɲoŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="h o&#x2D0;">hoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="u &#x283; a &#x282;">uʃaʂ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27E;">t͡ɕeɾ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ʋeŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ʃetyŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɲoŋ</word>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">hoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">uʃaʂ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tiɳyt</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">t͡ɕeɾ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋeŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;woman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃetyŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲoŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;hoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;yon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;uʃaʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;blind&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tiɳyt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf ʋeŋ ʃetyŋ ɖoːf ɲoŋ hoːn fuʃaʂ tiɳyt t͡ɕeɾ ɽyːd ɖat</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् वेङ् शेत्युङ् डौफ़् ञोङ् हौन् फ़ुशष् तिण्युत् चेर् ऱ्यूद् डत्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋeŋ</o>
+      <g>woman</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃetyŋ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲoŋ</o>
+      <g>knife</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>hoː</o>
+      <g>yon</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>uʃaʂ</o>
+      <g>blind</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tiɳyt</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɾ</o>
+      <g>three</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 1.

डौफ़् वेङ् शेत्युङ् डौफ़् ञोङ् हौन् फ़ुशष् तिण्युत् चेर् ऱ्यूद् डत्।

[ɖoːf ʋeŋ ʃetyŋ ɖoːf ɲoŋ hoːn fuʃaʂ tiɳyt t͡ɕeɾ ɽyːd ɖat]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ʋeŋ
woman ʃetyŋ
COMIT ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ɲoŋ
knife hoː
yon -n
cl.3 f-
NOM uʃaʂ
blind tiɳyt
mouse t͡ɕeɾ
three ɽyːd
catch ɖat
PAST

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

(1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There is one type of clitic in the nominal phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing possessor. a clitic expressing possessor, comprising णेन् /ɳen/ ‘1incl’, शिर् /ʃiɾ/ ‘1excl’, पिच्ष् /pit͡ʃ/ ‘2’, ञर् /ɲaɾ/ ‘3.cl.1’, क़ओक् /kʼok/ ‘3.cl.2’, गब् /ɡab/ ‘3.cl.3’ and तुफ़् /tuf/ ‘3.cl.4’.

The morphology of the elements of the nominal phrase, i.e., nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns, is described below, as is the way that possession is expressed in Nagin.

The Noun

The noun in Nagin stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

The noun displays the following derivational morphology: two suffixes, namely -स /-sa/ ‘little’ and -क़ए /-kʼe/ ‘big’

The Adjective

In Nagin, the adjective has the following structure: an obligatory prefix expressing case, comprising फ़्- /f-/ ‘NOM’, च्ष्- /t͡ʃ-/ ‘DAT’, स्- /s-/ ‘INS’, ब्- /b-/ ‘VOC’, प्- /p-/ ‘ALL’, ड्- /ɖ-/ ‘LOC’, क्- /k-/ ‘ABL’ and द्- /d-/ ‘PART’ followed by the root.

Numerals

The numeral in Nagin stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

In Nagin, the determiner has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing gender, comprising -फ़् /-f/ ‘cl.1’, -ष् /-ʂ/ ‘cl.2’, -न् /-n/ ‘cl.3’ and -र् /-ɾ/ ‘cl.4’.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Nagin stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

In Nagin, subject pronouns (but not object pronouns ones) are dropped unless they are stressed. Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ">ʔot͡s</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋiɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;moʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʔot͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ʋiɡ moʔ ʔot͡s</p>
+  <p>विग् मोऽ ऽओत्स्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋiɡ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>moʔ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʔot͡s</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 2.

विग् मोऽ ऽओत्स्।

[ʋiɡ moʔ ʔot͡s]

ʋiɡ
3.cl.1 moʔ
love ʔot͡s
3.cl.2.SUBJ

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

(2)

But here, the word corresponding to he (i.e., the subject) is stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; u&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʋuːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; u&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʋuːʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋuːʂ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ">ʔot͡s</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋuːʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋiɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;moʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʔot͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ʋuːʂ ʋiɡ moʔ ʔot͡s</p>
+  <p>वूष् विग् मोऽ ऽओत्स्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋuːʂ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋiɡ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>moʔ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʔot͡s</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 3.

वूष् विग् मोऽ ऽओत्स्।

[ʋuːʂ ʋiɡ moʔ ʔot͡s]

ʋuːʂ
3.cl.2 ʋiɡ
3.cl.1 moʔ
love ʔot͡s
3.cl.2.SUBJ

“He loves her.”

(3)

Proper Nouns

initial XML:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>hate</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>NN1</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>NN2</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>hate</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>NN1</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>NN2</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
+<example id="loveprop" translation="Tokoor hates Gukoony.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Tokoor" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="t o k&#x2BC; y&#x2D0; &#x27E;">tokʼyːɾ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Gukoony" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x261; u k y &#x272;">ɡukyɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="m a f i &#x3B8;">mafiθ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Tokoor hates Gukoony.">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Tokoor" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="t o k&#x2BC; y&#x2D0; &#x27E;">tokʼyːɾ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Tokoor" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="t &#xF8; k&#x2BC; y&#x2D0; &#x27E;" underlying="t o k&#x2BC; y&#x2D0; &#x27E;">tøkʼyːɾ</word>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Gukoony" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x261; u k y &#x272;">ɡukyɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Gukoony" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x261; y k y &#x272;" underlying="&#x261; u k y &#x272;">ɡykyɲ</word>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="m a f i &#x3B8;">mafiθ</word>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Tokoor hates Gukoony.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Tokoor" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="t &#xF8; k&#x2BC; y&#x2D0; &#x27E;" underlying="t o k&#x2BC; y&#x2D0; &#x27E;">tøkʼyːɾ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Gukoony" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x261; y k y &#x272;" underlying="&#x261; u k y &#x272;">ɡykyɲ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="m a f i &#x3B8;">mafiθ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Tokoor" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" underlying="t o k&#x2BC; y&#x2D0; &#x27E;">tøkʼyːɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Gukoony" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" underlying="&#x261; u k y &#x272;">ɡykyɲ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">mafiθ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ">ʔot͡s</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tokʼyːɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Tokoor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡukyɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Gukoony&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mafiθ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʔot͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːʂ tøkʼyːɾ ɖoːf ɡykyɲ mafiθ ʔot͡s</p>
+  <p>डौष् त्योक़यूर् डौफ़् ग्युक्युञ् मफ़िथ् ऽओत्स्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tokʼyːɾ</o>
+      <g>Tokoor</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡukyɲ</o>
+      <g>Gukoony</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mafiθ</o>
+      <g>hate</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʔot͡s</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 4.

डौष् त्योक़यूर् डौफ़् ग्युक्युञ् मफ़िथ् ऽओत्स्।

[ɖoːʂ tøkʼyːɾ ɖoːf ɡykyɲ mafiθ ʔot͡s]

ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 tokʼyːɾ
Tokoor ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ɡukyɲ
Gukoony mafiθ
hate ʔot͡s
3.cl.2.SUBJ

“Tokoor hates Gukoony.”

(4)

Possession

initial XML:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-  </np>
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; &#xF8; &#x28B;">kʼøʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; &#xF8; &#x28B;">kʼøʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">kʼøʋ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiʃiːx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼøʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːn ɽiʃiːx kʼok ɖoːʂ kʼøʋ</p>
+  <p>डौन् ऱिशी क़ओक् डौष् क़योव्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiʃiːx</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼok</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼøʋ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 5.

डौन् ऱिशी क़ओक् डौष् क़योव्

[ɖoːn ɽiʃiːx kʼok ɖoːʂ kʼøʋ]

ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 ɽiʃiːx
apple kʼok
3.cl.2.POSS ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 kʼøʋ
boy

“the boy’s apple”

(5)

initial XML:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-  </np>
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; u&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʋuːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; u&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʋuːʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.2" gloss="3.cl.2" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">ʋuːʂ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiʃiːx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋuːʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːn ɽiʃiːx kʼok ʋuːʂ</p>
+  <p>डौन् ऱिशी क़ओक् वूष्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiʃiːx</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼok</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋuːʂ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 6.

डौन् ऱिशी क़ओक् वूष्

[ɖoːn ɽiʃiːx kʼok ʋuːʂ]

ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 ɽiʃiːx
apple kʼok
3.cl.2.POSS ʋuːʂ
3.cl.2

“his (the boy’s) apple”

(6)

initial XML:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS" ph="&#x283; i &#x27E;">ʃiɾ</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS" ph="&#x283; i &#x27E;">ʃiɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="1excl">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS">ʃiɾ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiʃiːx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃiɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːn ɽiʃiːx ʃiɾ</p>
+  <p>डौन् ऱिशी शिर्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiʃiːx</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃiɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 7.

डौन् ऱिशी शिर्

[ɖoːn ɽiʃiːx ʃiɾ]

ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 ɽiʃiːx
apple ʃiɾ
1excl.POSS

“my apple”

(7)

initial XML:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kiss</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>hunter</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>daughter</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="neither">
            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>neighbour</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kiss</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>daughter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither">
-            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>neighbour</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+    <np role="subj">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np role="obj">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
+          <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
-          <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-            <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
-          </np>
-          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.2">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.2">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+            <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.2">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x282; ai f">ʂaif</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="h e&#x2D0; m">heːm</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.POSS" ph="&#x261; a b">ɡab</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2" ph="&#x288; a &#x282; u s">ʈaʂus</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="p i t&#x361;&#x283;">pit͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2" ph="t o &#x27D; e&#x2D0;">toɽeː</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x282; ai f">ʂaif</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="h e&#x2D0; m">heːm</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.POSS" ph="&#x261; a b">ɡab</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2" ph="&#x288; a &#x282; u s">ʈaʂus</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="p i t&#x361;&#x283;">pit͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2" ph="t o &#x27D; e&#x2D0;">toɽeː</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">ʂaif</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.3">heːm</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.POSS">ɡab</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="2">ʈaʂus</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS">pit͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">toɽeː</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʂaif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiseŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;heːm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈaʂus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;neighbour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;toɽeː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kiss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf ʂaif kʼok ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ ɖoːʂ heːm ɡab ɖoːn ʈaʂus pit͡ʃ toɽeː ɖat</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् षैफ़् क़ओक् डौष् ऱिसेङ् डौष् हैम् गब् डौन् टषुस् पिच्ष् तोऱै डत्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʂaif</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼok</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiseŋ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>heːm</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡab</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈaʂus</o>
+      <g>neighbour</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>2.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>toɽeː</o>
+      <g>kiss</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 8.

डौफ़् षैफ़् क़ओक् डौष् ऱिसेङ् डौष् हैम् गब् डौन् टषुस् पिच्ष् तोऱै डत्।

[ɖoːf ʂaif kʼok ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ ɖoːʂ heːm ɡab ɖoːn ʈaʂus pit͡ʃ toɽeː ɖat]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ʂaif
daughter kʼok
3.cl.2.POSS ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 ɽiseŋ
hunter ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 heːm
son ɡab
3.cl.3.POSS ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 ʈaʂus
neighbour pit͡ʃ
2.POSS toɽeː
kiss ɖat
PAST

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

(8)

Derivation

Nagin has a few derivational processes. To illustrate this, let us start with a simple noun phrase:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.4

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; au">kʼau</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="&#x27E;">ɾ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x282; o &#x282; au p">ʂoʂaup</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; au">kʼau</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="&#x27E;">ɾ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x282; o &#x282; au p">ʂoʂaup</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">kʼau</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4">ɾ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">ʂoʂaup</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʂoʂaup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>kʼauɾ ʂoʂaup</p>
+  <p>क़और् षोषौप्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼau</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɾ</o>
+      <g>cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʂoʂaup</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 9.

क़और् षोषौप्

[kʼauɾ ʂoʂaup]

kʼau
a -ɾ
cl.4 ʂoʂaup
lamb

“a lamb”

(9)

In the following, the word for little becomes an affix attached to lamb:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
    <adj>little</adj>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
-    <adj>little</adj>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.4

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    </word>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; au">kʼau</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="&#x27E;">ɾ</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x282; o &#x282; au p">ʂoʂaup</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="s a">sa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; au">kʼau</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="&#x27E;">ɾ</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x282; o &#x282; au p">ʂoʂaup</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="s a">sa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">kʼau</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4">ɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">ʂoʂaup</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">sa</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʂoʂaup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-sa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>kʼauɾ ʂoʂaupsa</p>
+  <p>क़और् षोषौप्स</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼau</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɾ</o>
+      <g>cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʂoʂaup</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-sa</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 10.

क़और् षोषौप्स

[kʼauɾ ʂoʂaupsa]

kʼau
a -ɾ
cl.4 ʂoʂaup
lamb -sa
little

“a little lamb”

(10)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

The verbal phrase clitics in Nagin fall into two categories, proclitics and enclitics: first, a clitic expressing negation, comprising हय् /haj/ ‘NEG’; second, a clitic expressing ta, comprising डत् /ɖat/ ‘PAST’; third, a clitic expressing mode, comprising टुत् /ʈut/ ‘imperative’, गक् /ɡak/ ‘conditional’ and मोक़ /mokʼ/ ‘optative’; fourth, a clitic expressing voice, comprising त्सिन् /t͡sin/ ‘passive’; fifth, a clitic expressing subj, comprising ऱण् /ɽaɳ/ ‘1incl’, ऱेब् /ɽeb/ ‘1excl’, त्सिष् /t͡siʂ/ ‘2’, ऽओत्स् /ʔot͡s/ ‘3.cl.2’, टिद् /ʈid/ ‘3.cl.3’ and गिष् /ɡiʂ/ ‘3.cl.4’; sixth, a clitic expressing question, comprising डेऱ् /ɖeɽ/ ‘Q’; and finally, seventh, a clitic expressing comp, comprising वोर् /ʋoɾ/ ‘COMP’.

The verb itself does not have any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

The verb displays the following derivational morphology: two suffixes, namely -शे /-ʃe/ ‘begin’ and -मे /-me/ ‘stop’

initial XML:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
-      <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="m i k&#x2BC;">mikʼ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="m i k&#x2BC;">mikʼ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">mikʼ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">ɽeb</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mikʼ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;moʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>mikʼ moʔ ɽeb</p>
+  <p>मिक़ मोऽ ऱेब्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>mikʼ</o>
+      <g>2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>moʔ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽeb</o>
+      <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 11.

मिक़ मोऽ ऱेब्।

[mikʼ moʔ ɽeb]

mikʼ
2 moʔ
love ɽeb
1excl.SUBJ

“I love you.”

(11)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

initial XML:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>table</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>table</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np type="owner_owned">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
+      <np def="def" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" gender="cl.2">
+      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
+      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+      </np>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned">
    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
-  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="b i h">bih</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; e p">kʼep</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="b i t&#x361;s">bit͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="b i h">bih</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; e p">kʼep</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="b i t&#x361;s">bit͡s</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">bih</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">kʼep</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">bit͡s</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bih&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bit͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;table&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>bih kʼep ɖoːn bit͡s</p>
+  <p>बिह् क़एप् डौन् बित्स्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>bih</o>
+      <g>in</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼep</o>
+      <g>surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bit͡s</o>
+      <g>table</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 12.

बिह् क़एप् डौन् बित्स्

[bih kʼep ɖoːn bit͡s]

bih
in kʼep
surface ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 bit͡s
table

“on the table”

(12)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>box</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>box</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np type="owner_owned">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
+      <np def="def" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" gender="cl.2">
+      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
+      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+      </np>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned">
    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
-  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="&#x261; y&#x2D0; &#x27D;">ɡyːɽ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="p y f">pyf</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="d i &#x294; y n">diʔyn</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="&#x261; y&#x2D0; &#x27D;">ɡyːɽ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="p y f">pyf</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="d i &#x294; y n">diʔyn</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">ɡyːɽ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">pyf</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">diʔyn</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡyːɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;to&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pyf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;diʔyn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɡyːɽ pyf ɖoːf diʔyn</p>
+  <p>ग्यूऱ् प्युफ़् डौफ़् दिऽयुन्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡyːɽ</o>
+      <g>to</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pyf</o>
+      <g>inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>diʔyn</o>
+      <g>box</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 13.

ग्यूऱ् प्युफ़् डौफ़् दिऽयुन्

[ɡyːɽ pyf ɖoːf diʔyn]

ɡyːɽ
to pyf
inside ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 diʔyn
box

“into the box”

(13)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np def="neither" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
    <np def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
-  <pp role="comitative">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <np def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x283; e t y &#x14B;">ʃetyŋ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; o&#x2D0; m">ɡoːm</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x283; e t y &#x14B;">ʃetyŋ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; o&#x2D0; m">ɡoːm</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ʃetyŋ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɡoːm</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃetyŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡoːm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ʃetyŋ ɡoːm</p>
+  <p>शेत्युङ् गौम्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃetyŋ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡoːm</o>
+      <g>1excl</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 14.

शेत्युङ् गौम्

[ʃetyŋ ɡoːm]

ʃetyŋ
COMIT ɡoːm
1excl

“with me”

(14)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

Nagin has basic Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) word order. The subject precedes the object, and the verb appears at the end of the clause. This is one of the most frequent patterns cross-linguistically.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Nagin.

initial XML:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>jaguar</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>jaguar</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x3B8; o t&#x361;s o n">θot͡son</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2" ph="p i &#x283;">piʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x3B8; o t&#x361;s o n">θot͡son</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2" ph="p i &#x283;">piʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">θot͡son</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.2">piʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;θot͡son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiseŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf θot͡son ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ piʃ ɖat</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् थोत्सोन् डौष् ऱिसेङ् पिश् डत्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>θot͡son</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiseŋ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piʃ</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 15.

डौफ़् थोत्सोन् डौष् ऱिसेङ् पिश् डत्।

[ɖoːf θot͡son ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ piʃ ɖat]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 θot͡son
jaguar ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 ɽiseŋ
hunter piʃ
kill ɖat
PAST

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

(15)

initial XML:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>eat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>lion</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>hunter</noun>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>daughter</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>dog</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>eat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>lion</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>daughter</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>dog</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+    <np role="obj">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
+          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
-          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
-          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.2">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.2">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+            <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
          </np>
          <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+            <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.2">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.2" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.1">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t&#x361;s i &#x27D; &#xF8; t">t͡siɽøt</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1" ph="f y f">fyf</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.POSS" ph="&#x272; a &#x27E;">ɲaɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x282; ai f">ʂaif</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2" ph="&#x261; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">ɡaːŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ" ph="&#x288; i d">ʈid</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t&#x361;s i &#x27D; &#xF8; t">t͡siɽøt</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1" ph="f y f">fyf</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.POSS" ph="&#x272; a &#x27E;">ɲaɾ</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x282; ai f">ʂaif</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2" ph="&#x261; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">ɡaːŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ" ph="&#x288; i d">ʈid</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">t͡siɽøt</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.cl.1">fyf</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.POSS">ɲaɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.cl.2">ʂaif</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.2">ɡaːŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ">ʈid</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡siɽøt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fyf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲaɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.1.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʂaif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiseŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡaːŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːn t͡siɽøt ɖoːʂ fyf ɲaɾ ɖoːf ʂaif kʼok ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ ɡaːŋ ɖat ʈid</p>
+  <p>डौन् त्सिऱ्योत् डौष् फ़्युफ़् ञर् डौफ़् षैफ़् क़ओक् डौष् ऱिसेङ् गाङ् डत् टिद्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡siɽøt</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fyf</o>
+      <g>dog</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲaɾ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.1.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʂaif</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼok</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiseŋ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡaːŋ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈid</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 16.

डौन् त्सिऱ्योत् डौष् फ़्युफ़् ञर् डौफ़् षैफ़् क़ओक् डौष् ऱिसेङ् गाङ् डत् टिद्।

[ɖoːn t͡siɽøt ɖoːʂ fyf ɲaɾ ɖoːf ʂaif kʼok ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ ɡaːŋ ɖat ʈid]

ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 t͡siɽøt
lion ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 fyf
dog ɲaɾ
3.cl.1.POSS ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ʂaif
daughter kʼok
3.cl.2.POSS ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 ɽiseŋ
hunter ɡaːŋ
eat ɖat
PAST ʈid
3.cl.3.SUBJ

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

(16)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Nagin reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-initial: the possessed noun precedes the possessor. For instance, Nagin expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “toy child”. This structure is typologically rarer and often co-occurs with verb-initial syntax or with grammatical marking on the noun.

initial XML:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def">
        <noun>friend</noun>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>book</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def">
-        <noun>friend</noun>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>book</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
-        <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-          <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
-        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
-        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
    <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
      <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
        <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
  </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
  </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-  </np>
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-  </np>
-  <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="&#x282; i &#x294; o&#x2D0; &#x294;">ʂiʔoːʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.POSS" ph="&#x261; a b">ɡab</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="h y &#x261;">hyɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2" ph="h e&#x2D0; m">heːm</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="p i t&#x361;&#x283;">pit͡ʃ</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3" ph="&#x282; i &#x294; o&#x2D0; &#x294;">ʂiʔoːʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.POSS" ph="&#x261; a b">ɡab</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2" ph="h y &#x261;">hyɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS" ph="k&#x2BC; o k">kʼok</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2" ph="h e&#x2D0; m">heːm</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="p i t&#x361;&#x283;">pit͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.3">ʂiʔoːʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.POSS">ɡab</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.cl.2">hyɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.POSS">kʼok</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="2">heːm</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS">pit͡ʃ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʂiʔoːʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;book&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;hyɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;friend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;heːm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːn ʂiʔoːʔ ɡab ɖoːn hyɡ kʼok ɖoːʂ heːm pit͡ʃ</p>
+  <p>डौन् षिऽऔऽ गब् डौन् ह्युग् क़ओक् डौष् हैम् पिच्ष्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʂiʔoːʔ</o>
+      <g>book</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡab</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>hyɡ</o>
+      <g>friend</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼok</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>heːm</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>2.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 17.

डौन् षिऽऔऽ गब् डौन् ह्युग् क़ओक् डौष् हैम् पिच्ष्

[ɖoːn ʂiʔoːʔ ɡab ɖoːn hyɡ kʼok ɖoːʂ heːm pit͡ʃ]

ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 ʂiʔoːʔ
book ɡab
3.cl.3.POSS ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 hyɡ
friend kʼok
3.cl.2.POSS ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 heːm
son pit͡ʃ
2.POSS

“your son’s friend’s book”

(17)

Case Marking

Nagin does not use case marking to distinguish the core participants of the clause. There is therefore no regular nominative, accusative, ergative, active or stative marking on subjects and objects. Instead, the roles of the participants are identified by other means, cf. the examples below.

initial XML:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state">
      <verb>sleep</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state">
-      <verb>sleep</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" ph="d e&#x2D0; &#x282;">deːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" ph="d e&#x2D0; &#x282;">deːʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɡan</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">deːʂ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;deːʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf ɡan deːʂ</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् गन् दैष्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡan</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>deːʂ</o>
+      <g>sleep</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 18.

डौफ़् गन् दैष्।

[ɖoːf ɡan deːʂ]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ɡan
cat deːʂ
sleep

“The cat is sleeping.”

(18)

initial XML:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>run</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>run</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" ph="f y">fy</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" ph="f y">fy</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɡan</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1">fy</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf ɡan fy</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् गन् फ़्यु</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡan</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fy</o>
+      <g>run</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 19.

डौफ़् गन् फ़्यु।

[ɖoːf ɡan fy]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ɡan
cat fy
run

“The cat is running.”

(19)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>chase</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>chase</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x14B; a &#x27E; &#xF8; &#x294;">ŋaɾøʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x14B; a &#x27E; &#xF8; &#x294;">ŋaɾøʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɡan</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tiɳyt</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">ŋaɾøʔ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tiɳyt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋaɾøʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;chase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf ɡan ɖoːn tiɳyt ŋaɾøʔ</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् गन् डौन् तिण्युत् ङर्योऽ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡan</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tiɳyt</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋaɾøʔ</o>
+      <g>chase</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 20.

डौफ़् गन् डौन् तिण्युत् ङर्योऽ।

[ɖoːf ɡan ɖoːn tiɳyt ŋaɾøʔ]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ɡan
cat ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 tiɳyt
mouse ŋaɾøʔ
chase

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

(20)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɡan</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tiɳyt</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tiɳyt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf ɡan ɖoːn tiɳyt ɽyːd ɖat</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् गन् डौन् तिण्युत् ऱ्यूद् डत्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡan</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tiɳyt</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 21.

डौफ़् गन् डौन् तिण्युत् ऱ्यूद् डत्।

[ɖoːf ɡan ɖoːn tiɳyt ɽyːd ɖat]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ɡan
cat ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 tiɳyt
mouse ɽyːd
catch ɖat
PAST

“The cat caught the mouse.”

(21)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

initial XML:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>jaguar</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>tiger</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>lion</noun>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>jaguar</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>tiger</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>lion</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flattenconjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
-      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x3B8; o t&#x361;s o n">θot͡son</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f i d">fid</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; o &#x27D; i p">t͡ʃoɽip</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f i d">fid</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="t&#x361;s i &#x27D; &#xF8; t">t͡siɽøt</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="p i &#x283;">piʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i s e &#x14B;">ɽiseŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x3B8; o t&#x361;s o n">θot͡son</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f i d">fid</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; o &#x27D; i p">t͡ʃoɽip</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f i d">fid</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="t&#x361;s i &#x27D; &#xF8; t">t͡siɽøt</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1" ph="p i &#x283;">piʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɽiseŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">θot͡son</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">fid</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">t͡ʃoɽip</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">fid</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">t͡siɽøt</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" obj="3.cl.1">piʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ">ʔot͡s</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiseŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;θot͡son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃoɽip&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡siɽøt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʔot͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ ɖoːf θot͡son fid ɖoːn t͡ʃoɽip fid ɖoːn t͡siɽøt piʃ ɖat ʔot͡s</p>
+  <p>डौष् ऱिसेङ् डौफ़् थोत्सोन् फ़िद् डौन् च्षोऱिप् फ़िद् डौन् त्सिऱ्योत् पिश् डत् ऽओत्स्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiseŋ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>θot͡son</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fid</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃoɽip</o>
+      <g>tiger</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fid</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡siɽøt</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piʃ</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʔot͡s</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 22.

डौष् ऱिसेङ् डौफ़् थोत्सोन् फ़िद् डौन् च्षोऱिप् फ़िद् डौन् त्सिऱ्योत् पिश् डत् ऽओत्स्।

[ɖoːʂ ɽiseŋ ɖoːf θot͡son fid ɖoːn t͡ʃoɽip fid ɖoːn t͡siɽøt piʃ ɖat ʔot͡s]

ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 ɽiseŋ
hunter ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 θot͡son
jaguar fid
and ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 t͡ʃoɽip
tiger fid
and ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 t͡siɽøt
lion piʃ
kill ɖat
PAST ʔot͡s
3.cl.2.SUBJ

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

(22)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Nagin provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Nagin uses the correlative strategy to form relative clauses. The relative clause is introduced by a dedicated relativiser and appears as an independent clause. The main clause contains a demonstrative that corresponds to the relativiser and identifies the element being modified. The relative clause precedes the main clause when used on its own, and follows the head noun when it functions as a modifier. The internal structure of both clauses is fully finite.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

initial XML:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; a n">ɡan</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɡan</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">ɽeb</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈat͡ɕoːʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːf ɡan ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb</p>
+  <p>डौफ़् गन् टचौष् डत् ऱेब्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡan</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽeb</o>
+      <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 23.

डौफ़् गन् टचौष् डत् ऱेब्।

[ɖoːf ɡan ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb]

ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ɡan
cat ʈat͡ɕoːʂ
pat ɖat
PAST ɽeb
1excl.SUBJ

“I patted the cat.”

(23)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

initial XML:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
          <noun>mouse</noun>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-          <noun>mouse</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-      </relp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <np role="obj">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x273; y t">tiɳyt</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tiɳyt</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">nit͡ɕ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tiɳyt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋiɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈat͡ɕoːʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nit͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːn tiɳyt ɽyːd ɖat ʋiɡ ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb nit͡ɕ</p>
+  <p>डौन् तिण्युत् ऱ्यूद् डत् विग् टचौष् डत् ऱेब् निच्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tiɳyt</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋiɡ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽeb</o>
+      <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nit͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 24.

डौन् तिण्युत् ऱ्यूद् डत् विग् टचौष् डत् ऱेब् निच्।

[ɖoːn tiɳyt ɽyːd ɖat ʋiɡ ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb nit͡ɕ]

ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 tiɳyt
mouse ɽyːd
catch ɖat
PAST ʋiɡ
3.cl.1 ʈat͡ɕoːʂ
pat ɖat
PAST ɽeb
1excl.SUBJ nit͡ɕ
then

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

(24)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

initial XML:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
              <noun>cheese</noun>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-              <noun>cheese</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-          </relp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-      </relp>
+    <np role="obj">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="d u &#x283; i &#x294;">duʃiʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x261; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">ɡaːŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ" ph="&#x288; i d">ʈid</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="d u &#x283; i &#x294;">duʃiʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x261; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">ɡaːŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ" ph="&#x288; i d">ʈid</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">duʃiʔ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">ɡaːŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ">ʈid</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">xoːʔ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">nit͡ɕ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;duʃiʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡaːŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;xoːʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nit͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋiɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈat͡ɕoːʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nit͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːn duʃiʔ ɡaːŋ ɖat ʈid xoːʔ ɽyːd ɖat nit͡ɕ ʋiɡ ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb nit͡ɕ</p>
+  <p>डौन् दुशिऽ गाङ् डत् टिद् औऽ ऱ्यूद् डत् निच् विग् टचौष् डत् ऱेब् निच्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>duʃiʔ</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡaːŋ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈid</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>xoːʔ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nit͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋiɡ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽeb</o>
+      <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nit͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 25.

डौन् दुशिऽ गाङ् डत् टिद् औऽ ऱ्यूद् डत् निच् विग् टचौष् डत् ऱेब् निच्।

[ɖoːn duʃiʔ ɡaːŋ ɖat ʈid xoːʔ ɽyːd ɖat nit͡ɕ ʋiɡ ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb nit͡ɕ]

ɖoː
the -n
cl.3 duʃiʔ
cheese ɡaːŋ
eat ɖat
PAST ʈid
3.cl.3.SUBJ xoːʔ
3.cl.3 ɽyːd
catch ɖat
PAST nit͡ɕ
then ʋiɡ
3.cl.1 ʈat͡ɕoːʂ
pat ɖat
PAST ɽeb
1excl.SUBJ nit͡ɕ
then

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

(25)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

initial XML:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>buy</verb>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
                  <noun>cheese</noun>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>buy</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
-                  <noun>cheese</noun>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-            <np role="obj">
-              <relp>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+    <np role="obj">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-              </relp>
    </np>
-          </relp>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
-      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.3">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" gender="cl.1">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
-      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+        <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x256; &#xF8;&#x2D0; m">ɖøːm</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x261; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">ɡaːŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ" ph="&#x288; i d">ʈid</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x256; &#xF8;&#x2D0; m">ɖøːm</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x261; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">ɡaːŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ" ph="&#x288; i d">ʈid</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="x o&#x2D0; &#x294;">xoːʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x27D; y&#x2D0; d">ɽyːd</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; i &#x261;">ʋiɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1" ph="&#x288; a t&#x361;&#x255; o&#x2D0; &#x282;">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x255;">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">xoːʔ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.3">ɖøːm</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">xoːʔ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.3" obj="3.cl.3">ɡaːŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.3.SUBJ">ʈid</thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">xoːʔ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">ɽyːd</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">nit͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.cl.1" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋiɡ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3.cl.1">ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">nit͡ɕ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;xoːʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖøːm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;buy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;xoːʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡaːŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nit͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;xoːʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nit͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋiɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈat͡ɕoːʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nit͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>xoːʔ ɖøːm ɖat ɽeb xoːʔ ɡaːŋ ɖat ʈid nit͡ɕ xoːʔ ɽyːd ɖat nit͡ɕ ʋiɡ ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb nit͡ɕ</p>
+  <p>औऽ ड्यौम् डत् ऱेब् औऽ गाङ् डत् टिद् निच् औऽ ऱ्यूद् डत् निच् विग् टचौष् डत् ऱेब् निच्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>xoːʔ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖøːm</o>
+      <g>buy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽeb</o>
+      <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>xoːʔ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡaːŋ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈid</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nit͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>xoːʔ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nit͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋiɡ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈat͡ɕoːʂ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽeb</o>
+      <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nit͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 26.

औऽ ड्यौम् डत् ऱेब् औऽ गाङ् डत् टिद् निच् औऽ ऱ्यूद् डत् निच् विग् टचौष् डत् ऱेब् निच्।

[xoːʔ ɖøːm ɖat ɽeb xoːʔ ɡaːŋ ɖat ʈid nit͡ɕ xoːʔ ɽyːd ɖat nit͡ɕ ʋiɡ ʈat͡ɕoːʂ ɖat ɽeb nit͡ɕ]

xoːʔ
3.cl.3 ɖøːm
buy ɖat
PAST ɽeb
1excl.SUBJ xoːʔ
3.cl.3 ɡaːŋ
eat ɖat
PAST ʈid
3.cl.3.SUBJ nit͡ɕ
then xoːʔ
3.cl.3 ɽyːd
catch ɖat
PAST nit͡ɕ
then ʋiɡ
3.cl.1 ʈat͡ɕoːʂ
pat ɖat
PAST ɽeb
1excl.SUBJ nit͡ɕ
then

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

(26)

Complementation Strategies

Nagin marks complement clauses with subordinating verbal morphology. The embedded verb is fully finite and carries a subordinating suffix that identifies the clause as a complement. No structural changes occur within the clause apart from this verbal marking.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

initial XML:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>surprise</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>give</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
          <noun>boy</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
          <noun>apple</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
          <noun>girl</noun>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
      <noun>teacher</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>surprise</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>give</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
-          <noun>boy</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
-          <noun>apple</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
-          <noun>girl</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
-      <noun>teacher</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4">
+    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
-        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.4

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
-      <subs>
-        <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; &#xF8; &#x28B;">kʼøʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; a &#x27E;">ʋaɾ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; au">kʼau</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x14B; e m">ŋem</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x28B; o &#x27E;">ʋoɾ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="&#x27E;">ɾ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="s e &#x282; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">seʂaːŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4" ph="&#x28B; o &#x3B8; i &#x282;">ʋoθiʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x261; i &#x282;">ɡiʂ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; &#xF8; &#x28B;">kʼøʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; a &#x27E;">ʋaɾ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; au">kʼau</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x27D; i &#x283; i&#x2D0; x">ɽiʃiːx</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3" ph="&#x14B; e m">ŋem</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x28B; o &#x27E;">ʋoɾ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="&#x27E;">ɾ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" ph="s e &#x282; a&#x2D0; &#x14B;">seʂaːŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4" ph="&#x28B; o &#x3B8; i &#x282;">ʋoθiʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x261; i &#x282;">ɡiʂ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">kʼøʋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ʋaɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">kʼau</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">ɽiʃiːx</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="3.cl.3">ŋem</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ">ʔot͡s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">ʋoɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4">ɾ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">seʂaːŋ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.4" indobj="3.cl.4">ʋoθiʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.4.SUBJ">ɡiʂ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼøʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋaɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽiʃiːx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;give&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʔot͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋoɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;seʂaːŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋoθiʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surprise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡiʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːʂ kʼøʋ ɖoːf ʋaɾ kʼaun ɽiʃiːx ŋem ɖat ʔot͡s ʋoɾ ɖoːɾ seʂaːŋ ʋoθiʂ ɖat ɡiʂ</p>
+  <p>डौष् क़योव् डौफ़् वर् क़औन् ऱिशी ङेम् डत् ऽओत्स् वोर् डौर् सेषाङ् वोथिष् डत् गिष्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼøʋ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋaɾ</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼau</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-n</o>
+      <g>cl.3</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽiʃiːx</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋem</o>
+      <g>give</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʔot͡s</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋoɾ</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɾ</o>
+      <g>cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>seʂaːŋ</o>
+      <g>teacher</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋoθiʂ</o>
+      <g>surprise</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡiʂ</o>
+      <g>3.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 27.

डौष् क़योव् डौफ़् वर् क़औन् ऱिशी ङेम् डत् ऽओत्स् वोर् डौर् सेषाङ् वोथिष् डत् गिष्।

[ɖoːʂ kʼøʋ ɖoːf ʋaɾ kʼaun ɽiʃiːx ŋem ɖat ʔot͡s ʋoɾ ɖoːɾ seʂaːŋ ʋoθiʂ ɖat ɡiʂ]

ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 kʼøʋ
boy ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ʋaɾ
girl kʼau
a -n
cl.3 ɽiʃiːx
apple ŋem
give ɖat
PAST ʔot͡s
3.cl.2.SUBJ ʋoɾ
COMP ɖoː
the -ɾ
cl.4 seʂaːŋ
teacher ʋoθiʂ
surprise ɖat
PAST ɡiʂ
3.cl.4.SUBJ

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

(27)

Quotes

Nagin expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

initial XML:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>tell</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="gnomic">
          <verb>love</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>tell</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="gnomic">
-          <verb>love</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
-        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <subs>
-        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2">
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
+      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-          <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
-          <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2">
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2">
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <subs>
-        <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; &#xF8; &#x28B;">kʼøʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; a &#x27E;">ʋaɾ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; o&#x2D0; m">ɡoːm</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="m i k&#x2BC;">mikʼ</word>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x28B; o &#x27E;">ʋoɾ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl" ph="&#x261; u &#x27D;">ɡuɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="&#x282;">ʂ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="k&#x2BC; &#xF8; &#x28B;">kʼøʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x256; o&#x2D0;">ɖoː</word>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x28B; a &#x27E;">ʋaɾ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x261; o&#x2D0; m">ɡoːm</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="m i k&#x2BC;">mikʼ</word>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2" ph="m o &#x294;">moʔ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ" ph="&#x27D; e b">ɽeb</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x28B; o &#x27E;">ʋoɾ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl" ph="&#x261; u &#x27D;">ɡuɽ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x256; a t">ɖat</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x294; o t&#x361;s">ʔot͡s</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">ʂ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">kʼøʋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖoː</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ʋaɾ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɡoːm</word>
+    <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">mikʼ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" subj="1excl" obj="2">moʔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">ɽeb</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">ʋoɾ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.cl.2" indobj="3.cl.1" obj="1excl">ɡuɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɖat</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.cl.2.SUBJ">ʔot͡s</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʼøʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋaɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡoːm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mikʼ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;moʔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋoɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡuɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʔot͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɖoːʂ kʼøʋ ɖoːf ʋaɾ ɡoːm mikʼ moʔ ɽeb ʋoɾ ɡuɽ ɖat ʔot͡s</p>
+  <p>डौष् क़योव् डौफ़् वर् गौम् मिक़ मोऽ ऱेब् वोर् गुऱ् डत् ऽओत्स्</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʂ</o>
+      <g>cl.2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʼøʋ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoː</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-f</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋaɾ</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡoːm</o>
+      <g>1excl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mikʼ</o>
+      <g>2</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>moʔ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽeb</o>
+      <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋoɾ</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡuɽ</o>
+      <g>tell</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖat</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʔot͡s</o>
+      <g>3.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 28.

डौष् क़योव् डौफ़् वर् गौम् मिक़ मोऽ ऱेब् वोर् गुऱ् डत् ऽओत्स्।

[ɖoːʂ kʼøʋ ɖoːf ʋaɾ ɡoːm mikʼ moʔ ɽeb ʋoɾ ɡuɽ ɖat ʔot͡s]

ɖoː
the -ʂ
cl.2 kʼøʋ
boy ɖoː
the -f
cl.1 ʋaɾ
girl ɡoːm
1excl mikʼ
2 moʔ
love ɽeb
1excl.SUBJ ʋoɾ
COMP ɡuɽ
tell ɖat
PAST ʔot͡s
3.cl.2.SUBJ

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

(28)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Nagin. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 20 July 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/0TW4Q

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-0TW4Q,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Nagin}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/0TW4Q}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 20 July 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Nagin / Nagin–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.

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