A Grammar of Nab

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Nab language (the 1270th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Nab.

Typological Profile

It has has no interesting typological features.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Nab has a moderately large consonant inventory, with 33 phonemes.

It has a broad set of voiced–voiceless oppositions, a modest (but clearly contrastive) set of labialised consonants, a system with marginal but genuine retroflex contrasts and a broad and varied fricative inventory.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Nab. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

	labial	dental	alveolar	postalveolar	alveolo-palatal	lateral	palatal	retroflex	velar	lab. velar	glottal
stop	p b		d t					ɖ ʈ	k ɡ	kʷ ɡʷ
nasal	m		n				ɲ
trill/tap/flap								ɽ
fricative	f	θ	s z	ʃ ʒ				ʂ ʐ	x ɣ	xʷ ɣʷ	h
approximant	ʋ					ɾ	j
affricate				t͡ʃ	t͡ɕ

Vowels

Nab has 13 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.

It has a modest but genuine inventory of nasal vowels, front rounded vowels (these are cross-linguistically relatively uncommon, but occur in a number of well-known languages, including French, German, Turkish and Mandarin) and an unusually fine-grained height system distinguishing four levels.

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Nab. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

	front unrounded	front rounded	central	back
close	i	y		u
mid	e	ø	ə̃	o
open-mid	ɛ	œ		ɔ
open			a

Stress and Tones

Nab has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

Vowel harmony does not exist in this language.

Writing System

Introduction

Nab is normally written using the Cyrillic alphabet, a script with a long and varied history across Eastern Europe and northern Asia. In this grammar, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also used to give an unambiguous representation of sound.

The conventions adopted here follow standard Cyrillic practice for the language where that exists; where they do not, the IPA transcription should be taken as authoritative.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

а /a/	б /b/	в /ʋ/	г /h/
д /d/	д̇ /ɖ/	е /e/	ж /ʒ/
з /z/	з̇ /ʐ/	и /i/	к /k/
м /m/	н /n/	о /o, ɔ/	п /p/
р /ɾ/	р̇ /ɽ/	с /s/	с̇ /ʂ/
т /t/	т̇ /ʈ/	у /u/	ф /f/
х /x/	ч /t͡ʃ/	ш /ʃ/	э /ɛ/
ј /j/	њ /ɲ/	ћ /t͡ɕ/	ѧ /ə̃/
ѳ /θ/	ґ /ɡ/	ғ /ɣ/	ү /y/
ӧ /œ/	ө /ø/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

аа /aː/	ай /ai/	аў /au/
ее /eː/	ии /iː/	кв /kʷ/
оо /oː, ɔː/	уу /uː/	хв /xʷ/
ээ /ɛː/	ґв /ɡʷ/	ғв /ɣʷ/
үү /yː/	әән /ə̃ː/	ӧӧ /œː/
өө /øː/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Nab does not have grammatical number.

Gender

Nab does not have genders or noun classes.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Nab can be exemplified by the following example:

initial XML:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>woman</noun>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>knife</noun>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
      <adj>blind</adj>
      <num>three</num>
      <det>yon</det>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>woman</noun>
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>knife</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
-      <adj>blind</adj>
-      <num>three</num>
-      <det>yon</det>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module constorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-      <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-      </pp>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x263;&#x2B7; a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɣʷaːˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; &#x259;# &#x288; u &#x2C8; &#x292;">ɡə#ʈuˈʒ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="t &#x153; &#x2C8; n">tœˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x263; u &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɣuˈɾ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">t͡ʃiˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z au &#x2C8; &#x263;&#x2B7;">zauˈɣʷ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x263;&#x2B7; a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɣʷaːˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; &#x259;# &#x288; u &#x2C8; &#x292;">ɡə#ʈuˈʒ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="t &#x153; &#x2C8; n">tœˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x263; u &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɣuˈɾ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">t͡ʃiˈɡʷ</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z au &#x2C8; &#x263;&#x2B7;">zauˈɣʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">ɣʷaːˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ɡə#ʈuˈʒ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">tœˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">ɣuˈɾ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ud</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">t͡ʃiˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">zauˈɣʷ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɣʷaːxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;woman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtœn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxeʈ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɣuɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;yon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeˈbais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ud&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʃiɡʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;blind&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈzauɣʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ˈɣʷaːxʷut ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ ˈʋaɲ ˈtœnut ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈɣuɾ t͡ɕeˈbaisud ˈt͡ʃiɡʷ ˈzauɣʷ</p>
+  <p>вањ ғваахвут ґѧт̇уж вањ тӧнут квехет̇ ћер̇ ғур ћебайсуд чиґв заўғв</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɣʷaːxʷ</o>
+      <g>woman</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtœn</o>
+      <g>knife</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxeʈ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɣuɾ</o>
+      <g>yon</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeˈbais</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ud</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʃiɡʷ</o>
+      <g>blind</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈzauɣʷ</o>
+      <g>three</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 1.

Вањ ғваахвут ґѧт̇уж вањ тӧнут квехет̇ ћер̇ ғур ћебайсуд чиґв заўғв.

[ˈʋaɲ ˈɣʷaːxʷut ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ ˈʋaɲ ˈtœnut ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈɣuɾ t͡ɕeˈbaisud ˈt͡ʃiɡʷ ˈzauɣʷ]

ˈʋaɲ
the ˈɣʷaːxʷ
woman -ut
sing ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ
COMIT ˈʋaɲ
the ˈtœn
knife -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈxeʈ
catch t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈɣuɾ
yon t͡ɕeˈbais
mouse -ud
plur ˈt͡ʃiɡʷ
blind ˈzauɣʷ
three

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

(1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There are no clitics in the nominal phrase.

The Noun

The noun in Nab consists of first, the root; second, an obligatory suffix expressing number, comprising -ут /-ut/ ‘sing’ and -уд /-ud/ ‘plur’; and finally, third, an optional suffix expressing case, comprising -иф /-if/ ‘GEN’, -охв /-oxʷ/ ‘DAT’, -уф /-uf/ ‘INS’, -үн /-yn/ ‘VOC’, -өн /-øn/ ‘ALL’, -өј /-øj/ ‘LOC’, -уњ /-uɲ/ ‘ABL’ and -ѧв /-ə#ʋ/ ‘PART’.

The noun displays the following derivational morphology: two suffixes, namely -аф /-af/ ‘little’ and -иш /-iʃ/ ‘big’

The Adjective

The adjective in Nab stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Numerals

The numeral in Nab stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

The determiner in Nab stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Nab stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

In Nab, subject pronouns (but not object pronouns ones) are dropped unless they are stressed. Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">θauˈʐ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmeːz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθauʐ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkʷemeːz ˈθauʐ</p>
+  <p>квемеез ѳаўз̇</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmeːz</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθauʐ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 2.

Квемеез ѳаўз̇.

[ˈkʷemeːz ˈθauʐ]

kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈmeːz
love ˈθauʐ
3.sing

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

(2)

But here, the word corresponding to he (i.e., the subject) is stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">θauˈʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number">θauˈʐ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθauʐ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmeːz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθauʐ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈθauʐ ˈkʷemeːz ˈθauʐ</p>
+  <p>ѳаўз̇ квемеез ѳаўз̇</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθauʐ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmeːz</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθauʐ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 3.

Ѳаўз̇ квемеез ѳаўз̇.

[ˈθauʐ ˈkʷemeːz ˈθauʐ]

ˈθauʐ
3.sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈmeːz
love ˈθauʐ
3.sing

“He loves her.”

(3)

Proper Nouns

initial XML:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>hate</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>NN1</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>NN2</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>hate</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>NN1</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>NN2</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/case/optional

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
+<example id="loveprop" translation="Nyipooth hates Ghoekhoef.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Nyipooth" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x272; i p y &#x2C8; &#x3B8;">ɲipyˈθ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; f a &#x272; y &#x290;">ˈfaɲyʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Ghoekhoef" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x263;&#x2B7; &#xF8; x &#x153; &#x2C8; f">ɣʷøxœˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Nyipooth hates Ghoekhoef.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Nyipooth" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x272; i p y &#x2C8; &#x3B8;">ɲipyˈθ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; f a &#x272; y &#x290;">ˈfaɲyʐ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Ghoekhoef" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x263;&#x2B7; &#xF8; x &#x153; &#x2C8; f">ɣʷøxœˈf</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Nyipooth" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes">ɲipyˈθ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈfaɲyʐ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Ghoekhoef" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes">ɣʷøxœˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲiˈpyθ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Nyipooth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfaɲyʐ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɣʷøˈxœf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Ghoekhoef&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ɲiˈpyθut ˈkʷefaɲyʐ ˈʋaɲ ɣʷøˈxœfut</p>
+  <p>вањ Њипүѳут квефањүз̇ вањ Ғвөхӧфут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲiˈpyθ</o>
+      <g>Nyipooth</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfaɲyʐ</o>
+      <g>hate</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɣʷøˈxœf</o>
+      <g>Ghoekhoef</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 4.

Вањ Њипүѳут квефањүз̇ вањ Ғвөхӧфут.

[ˈʋaɲ ɲiˈpyθut ˈkʷefaɲyʐ ˈʋaɲ ɣʷøˈxœfut]

ˈʋaɲ
the ɲiˈpyθ
Nyipooth -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈfaɲyʐ
hate ˈʋaɲ
the ɣʷøˈxœf
Ghoekhoef -ut
sing

“Nyipooth hates Ghoekhoef.”

(4)

Possession

initial XML:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/optional
Got GEN

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x256; &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x256; &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">if</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyˈzut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɖɔt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ɽyˈzutut ˈʋaɲ ˈɖɔt͡ɕutif</p>
+  <p>вањ р̇үзутут вањ д̇оћутиф</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyˈzut</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɖɔt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 5.

вањ р̇үзутут вањ д̇оћутиф

[ˈʋaɲ ɽyˈzutut ˈʋaɲ ˈɖɔt͡ɕutif]

ˈʋaɲ
the ɽyˈzut
apple -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ˈɖɔt͡ɕ
boy -ut
sing -if
GEN

“the boy’s apple”

(5)

initial XML:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/optional

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x3B8; au &#x2C8; &#x290;">θauˈʐ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">θauˈʐ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyˈzut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθauʐ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ɽyˈzutut ˈθauʐ</p>
+  <p>вањ р̇үзутут ѳаўз̇</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyˈzut</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθauʐ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 6.

вањ р̇үзутут ѳаўз̇

[ˈʋaɲ ɽyˈzutut ˈθauʐ]

ˈʋaɲ
the ɽyˈzut
apple -ut
sing ˈθauʐ
3.sing

“his (the boy’s) apple”

(6)

initial XML:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/optional

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyˈzut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ɽyˈzutut ˈɡaiɖ</p>
+  <p>вањ р̇үзутут ґайд̇</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyˈzut</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaiɖ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 7.

вањ р̇үзутут ґайд̇

[ˈʋaɲ ɽyˈzutut ˈɡaiɖ]

ˈʋaɲ
the ɽyˈzut
apple -ut
sing ˈɡaiɖ
1excl.sing

“my apple”

(7)

initial XML:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kiss</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>hunter</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>daughter</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="neither">
            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>neighbour</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kiss</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>daughter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither">
-            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>neighbour</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/case/optional
Got GEN

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="k&#x2B7; e &#x2C8; &#x283;">kʷeˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; p i&#x2D0; &#x283; y x">ˈpiːʃyx</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="f ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">faiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x292; y b i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ʒybiːˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="k&#x2B7; e &#x2C8; &#x283;">kʷeˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; p i&#x2D0; &#x283; y x">ˈpiːʃyx</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="f ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">faiˈɖ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x292; y b i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ʒybiːˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">kʷeˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">if</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈpiːʃyx</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">faiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʒybiːˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">if</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɡaˈɾ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkʷeʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɣuˈdakʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpiːʃyx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kiss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʒyˈbiːxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;neighbour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ˈkʷeʃut ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷutif ˈkʷepiːʃyx t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈfaiɖut ˈʋaɲ ʒyˈbiːxʷutif ˈɡaɾ</p>
+  <p>вањ квешут вањ ғудаквутиф квепиишүх ћер̇ вањ файд̇ут вањ жүбиихвутиф ґар</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkʷeʃ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɣuˈdakʷ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpiːʃyx</o>
+      <g>kiss</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfaiɖ</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʒyˈbiːxʷ</o>
+      <g>neighbour</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaɾ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 8.

Вањ квешут вањ ғудаквутиф квепиишүх ћер̇ вањ файд̇ут вањ жүбиихвутиф ґар.

[ˈʋaɲ ˈkʷeʃut ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷutif ˈkʷepiːʃyx t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈfaiɖut ˈʋaɲ ʒyˈbiːxʷutif ˈɡaɾ]

ˈʋaɲ
the ˈkʷeʃ
daughter -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ɣuˈdakʷ
hunter -ut
sing -if
GEN kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈpiːʃyx
kiss t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ˈfaiɖ
son -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ʒyˈbiːxʷ
neighbour -ut
sing -if
GEN ˈɡaɾ
2.sing

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

(8)

Derivation

Nab has a few derivational processes. To illustrate this, let us start with a simple noun phrase:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/optional

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; n">jɔˈn</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; i s e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x283;">t͡ɕiseːˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; n">jɔˈn</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; i s e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x283;">t͡ɕiseːˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">jɔˈn</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">t͡ɕiseːˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjɔn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕiˈseːʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjɔn t͡ɕiˈseːʃut</p>
+  <p>јон ћисеешут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjɔn</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕiˈseːʃ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 9.

јон ћисеешут

[ˈjɔn t͡ɕiˈseːʃut]

ˈjɔn
a t͡ɕiˈseːʃ
lamb -ut
sing

“a lamb”

(9)

In the following, the word for little becomes an affix attached to lamb:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
    <adj>little</adj>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
-    <adj>little</adj>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/optional

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    </word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; n">jɔˈn</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; i s e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x283;">t͡ɕiseːˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; n">jɔˈn</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; i s e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x283;">t͡ɕiseːˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">jɔˈn</word>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">t͡ɕiseːˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">af</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjɔn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕiˈseːʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-af&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjɔn t͡ɕiˈseːʃafut</p>
+  <p>јон ћисеешафут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjɔn</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕiˈseːʃ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-af</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 10.

јон ћисеешафут

[ˈjɔn t͡ɕiˈseːʃafut]

ˈjɔn
a t͡ɕiˈseːʃ
lamb -af
little -ut
sing

“a little lamb”

(10)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

All verbal phrase clitics in Nab are enclitics (placed finally), and there are two types: a clitic expressing ta, comprising ћер̇ /t͡ɕeɽ/ ‘PAST’ followed by a clitic expressing question, comprising жүп /ʒyp/ ‘Q’.

In addition, the verb is structured like this: first, an obligatory prefix expressing negation, comprising ґ- /ɡ-/ ‘NEG’ and кв- /kʷ-/ ‘POS’; second, an obligatory prefix expressing voice, comprising е- /e-/ ‘active’ and о- /o-/ ‘passive’; third, the root; and finally, fourth, an optional suffix expressing mode, comprising -уғв /-uɣʷ/ ‘imperative’, -оз̇ /-oʐ/ ‘conditional’ and -иј /-ij/ ‘optative’.

The verb displays the following derivational morphology: two suffixes, namely -пи /-pi/ ‘begin’ and -т̇ө /-ʈø/ ‘stop’

initial XML:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">ɡaˈɾ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmeːz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkʷemeːz ˈɡaɾ</p>
+  <p>квемеез ґар</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmeːz</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaɾ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 11.

Квемеез ґар.

[ˈkʷemeːz ˈɡaɾ]

kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈmeːz
love ˈɡaɾ
2.sing

“I love you.”

(11)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

initial XML:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>table</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>table</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/case/optional

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
-  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="&#x263;&#x2B7; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; f">ɣʷiːˈf</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="j &#xF8; &#x2C8; x">jøˈx</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="&#x263;&#x2B7; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; f">ɣʷiːˈf</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="j &#xF8; &#x2C8; x">jøˈx</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">ɣʷiːˈf</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">jøˈx</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɣʷiːf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in_surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjøx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;table&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɣʷiːf ˈʋaɲ ˈjøxut</p>
+  <p>ғвииф вањ јөхут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɣʷiːf</o>
+      <g>in_surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjøx</o>
+      <g>table</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 12.

ғвииф вањ јөхут

[ˈɣʷiːf ˈʋaɲ ˈjøxut]

ˈɣʷiːf
in_surface ˈʋaɲ
the ˈjøx
table -ut
sing

“on the table”

(12)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>box</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>box</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/case/optional

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
-  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="n a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">naˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="&#x256; o d a &#x2C8; t">ɖodaˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="n a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">naˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="&#x256; o d a &#x2C8; t">ɖodaˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">naˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">ɖodaˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnat͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;to_inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɖoˈdat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈnat͡ʃ ˈʋaɲ ɖoˈdatut</p>
+  <p>нач вањ д̇одатут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnat͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>to_inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɖoˈdat</o>
+      <g>box</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 13.

нач вањ д̇одатут

[ˈnat͡ʃ ˈʋaɲ ɖoˈdatut]

ˈnat͡ʃ
to_inside ˈʋaɲ
the ɖoˈdat
box -ut
sing

“into the box”

(13)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
-  <pp role="comitative">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; &#x259;# &#x288; u &#x2C8; &#x292;">ɡə#ʈuˈʒ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; &#x259;# &#x288; u &#x2C8; &#x292;">ɡə#ʈuˈʒ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ɡə#ʈuˈʒ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ ˈɡaiɖ</p>
+  <p>ґѧт̇уж ґайд̇</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaiɖ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 14.

ґѧт̇уж ґайд̇

[ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ ˈɡaiɖ]

ɡə̃ˈʈuʒ
COMIT ˈɡaiɖ
1excl.sing

“with me”

(14)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

Nab employs Subject–Verb–Object (SVO) as its basic word order. The subject is followed by the verb, with the object occurring in post-verbal position. This ordering is widely attested across the world’s languages.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Nab.

initial XML:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>jaguar</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>jaguar</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j y &#x290; i &#x2C8; &#x263;">jyʐiˈɣ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m i f">ˈmif</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j y &#x290; i &#x2C8; &#x263;">jyʐiˈɣ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m i f">ˈmif</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">jyʐiˈɣ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈmif</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jyˈʐiɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɣuˈdakʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ jyˈʐiɣut ˈkʷemif t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷut</p>
+  <p>вањ јүз̇иғут квемиф ћер̇ вањ ғудаквут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jyˈʐiɣ</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmif</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɣuˈdakʷ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 15.

Вањ јүз̇иғут квемиф ћер̇ вањ ғудаквут.

[ˈʋaɲ jyˈʐiɣut ˈkʷemif t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷut]

ˈʋaɲ
the jyˈʐiɣ
jaguar -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈmif
kill t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ɣuˈdakʷ
hunter -ut
sing

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

(15)

initial XML:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>eat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>lion</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>hunter</noun>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>daughter</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>dog</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>eat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>lion</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>daughter</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>dog</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional
Got GEN

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j &#xF8; &#x261;&#x2B7; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">jøɡʷaiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k o &#x27D;">ˈkoɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x272; u &#x2C8; z">ɲuˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="k&#x2B7; e &#x2C8; &#x283;">kʷeˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j &#xF8; &#x261;&#x2B7; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">jøɡʷaiˈɖ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k o &#x27D;">ˈkoɽ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x272; u &#x2C8; z">ɲuˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="k&#x2B7; e &#x2C8; &#x283;">kʷeˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">jøɡʷaiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈkoɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ɲuˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">kʷeˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">if</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">if</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jøˈɡʷaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkoɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲuz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkʷeʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɣuˈdakʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ jøˈɡʷaiɖut ˈkʷekoɽ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈɲuzut ˈʋaɲ ˈkʷeʃutif ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷutif</p>
+  <p>вањ јөґвайд̇ут квекор̇ ћер̇ вањ њузут вањ квешутиф вањ ғудаквутиф</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jøˈɡʷaiɖ</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkoɽ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲuz</o>
+      <g>dog</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkʷeʃ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɣuˈdakʷ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 16.

Вањ јөґвайд̇ут квекор̇ ћер̇ вањ њузут вањ квешутиф вањ ғудаквутиф.

[ˈʋaɲ jøˈɡʷaiɖut ˈkʷekoɽ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈɲuzut ˈʋaɲ ˈkʷeʃutif ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷutif]

ˈʋaɲ
the jøˈɡʷaiɖ
lion -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈkoɽ
eat t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ˈɲuz
dog -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ˈkʷeʃ
daughter -ut
sing -if
GEN ˈʋaɲ
the ɣuˈdakʷ
hunter -ut
sing -if
GEN

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

(16)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Nab reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-initial: the possessed noun precedes the possessor. For instance, Nab expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “toy child”. This structure is typologically rarer and often co-occurs with verb-initial syntax or with grammatical marking on the noun.

initial XML:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def">
        <noun>friend</noun>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>book</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def">
-        <noun>friend</noun>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>book</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-      </np>
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
  </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
  </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
  </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/optional
Got GEN

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="p u k &#x259;&#x303;&#x2D0; d">pukə̃ːd</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s i &#x2C8; f">siˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="f ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">faiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="p u k &#x259;&#x303;&#x2D0; d">pukə̃ːd</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s i &#x2C8; f">siˈf</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="f ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">faiˈɖ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">pukə̃ːd</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">siˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">if</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">faiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">if</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɡaˈɾ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pukə̃ːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;book&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;friend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ pukə̃ːdut ˈʋaɲ ˈsifutif ˈʋaɲ ˈfaiɖutif ˈɡaɾ</p>
+  <p>вањ пукə̃ːдут вањ сифутиф вањ файд̇утиф ґар</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pukə̃ːd</o>
+      <g>book</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsif</o>
+      <g>friend</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfaiɖ</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaɾ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 17.

вањ пукə̃ːдут вањ сифутиф вањ файд̇утиф ґар

[ˈʋaɲ pukə̃ːdut ˈʋaɲ ˈsifutif ˈʋaɲ ˈfaiɖutif ˈɡaɾ]

ˈʋaɲ
the pukə̃ːd
book -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ˈsif
friend -ut
sing -if
GEN ˈʋaɲ
the ˈfaiɖ
son -ut
sing -if
GEN ˈɡaɾ
2.sing

“your son’s friend’s book”

(17)

Case Marking

Nab does not use case marking to distinguish the core participants of the clause. There is therefore no regular nominative, accusative, ergative, active or stative marking on subjects and objects. Instead, the roles of the participants are identified by other means, cf. the examples below.

initial XML:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state">
      <verb>sleep</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state">
-      <verb>sleep</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; n &#x254; x">ˈnɔx</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; n &#x254; x">ˈnɔx</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">ˈnɔx</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnɔx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷenɔx</p>
+  <p>вањ хвозут квенох</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnɔx</o>
+      <g>sleep</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 18.

Вањ хвозут квенох.

[ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷenɔx]

ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈnɔx
sleep

“The cat is sleeping.”

(18)

initial XML:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>run</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>run</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for voice/
defaultval: verb, voice
returning active

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/mode/optional

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x27E; y &#x263;&#x2B7;">ˈɾyɣʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x27E; y &#x263;&#x2B7;">ˈɾyɣʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">ˈɾyɣʷ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɾyɣʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷeɾyɣʷ</p>
+  <p>вањ хвозут кверүғв</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɾyɣʷ</o>
+      <g>run</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 19.

Вањ хвозут кверүғв.

[ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷeɾyɣʷ]

ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈɾyɣʷ
run

“The cat is running.”

(19)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>chase</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>chase</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for voice/
defaultval: verb, voice
returning active

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/mode/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; b i&#x2D0; p i t&#x361;&#x283;">ˈbiːpit͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; b i&#x2D0; p i t&#x361;&#x283;">ˈbiːpit͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈbiːpit͡ʃ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbiːpit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;chase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeˈbais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷebiːpit͡ʃ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut</p>
+  <p>вањ хвозут квебиипич вањ ћебайсут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbiːpit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>chase</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeˈbais</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 20.

Вањ хвозут квебиипич вањ ћебайсут.

[ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷebiːpit͡ʃ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut]

ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈbiːpit͡ʃ
chase ˈʋaɲ
the t͡ɕeˈbais
mouse -ut
sing

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

(20)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxeʈ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeˈbais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut</p>
+  <p>вањ хвозут квехет̇ ћер̇ вањ ћебайсут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxeʈ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeˈbais</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 21.

Вањ хвозут квехет̇ ћер̇ вањ ћебайсут.

[ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut]

ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈxeʈ
catch t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the t͡ɕeˈbais
mouse -ut
sing

“The cat caught the mouse.”

(21)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

initial XML:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>jaguar</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>tiger</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>lion</noun>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>jaguar</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>tiger</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>lion</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flattenconjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
-      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
-      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/optional

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="&#x2C8; m i f">ˈmif</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="j y &#x290; i &#x2C8; &#x263;">jyʐiˈɣ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="x&#x2B7; i &#x2C8; &#x27E;">xʷiˈɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="b o x&#x2B7; &#x254; &#x2C8; p">boxʷɔˈp</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="x&#x2B7; i &#x2C8; &#x27E;">xʷiˈɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="j &#xF8; &#x261;&#x2B7; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">jøɡʷaiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x263; u d a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="&#x2C8; m i f">ˈmif</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="j y &#x290; i &#x2C8; &#x263;">jyʐiˈɣ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="x&#x2B7; i &#x2C8; &#x27E;">xʷiˈɾ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="b o x&#x2B7; &#x254; &#x2C8; p">boxʷɔˈp</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="x&#x2B7; i &#x2C8; &#x27E;">xʷiˈɾ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="j &#xF8; &#x261;&#x2B7; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">jøɡʷaiˈɖ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u d">ud</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɣudaˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">ˈmif</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">jyʐiˈɣ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ud</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">xʷiˈɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">boxʷɔˈp</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ud</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">xʷiˈɾ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">jøɡʷaiˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ud</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɣuˈdakʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmif&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jyˈʐiɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ud&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷiɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;boˈxʷɔp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ud&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷiɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jøˈɡʷaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ud&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷut ˈkʷemif t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ jyˈʐiɣud ˈxʷiɾ ˈʋaɲ boˈxʷɔpud ˈxʷiɾ ˈʋaɲ jøˈɡʷaiɖud</p>
+  <p>вањ ғудаквут квемиф ћер̇ вањ јүз̇иғуд хвир вањ бохвопуд хвир вањ јөґвайд̇уд</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɣuˈdakʷ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmif</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jyˈʐiɣ</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ud</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷiɾ</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>boˈxʷɔp</o>
+      <g>tiger</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ud</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷiɾ</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jøˈɡʷaiɖ</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ud</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 22.

Вањ ғудаквут квемиф ћер̇ вањ јүз̇иғуд хвир вањ бохвопуд хвир вањ јөґвайд̇уд.

[ˈʋaɲ ɣuˈdakʷut ˈkʷemif t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ jyˈʐiɣud ˈxʷiɾ ˈʋaɲ boˈxʷɔpud ˈxʷiɾ ˈʋaɲ jøˈɡʷaiɖud]

ˈʋaɲ
the ɣuˈdakʷ
hunter -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈmif
kill t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the jyˈʐiɣ
jaguar -ud
plur ˈxʷiɾ
and ˈʋaɲ
the boˈxʷɔp
tiger -ud
plur ˈxʷiɾ
and ˈʋaɲ
the jøˈɡʷaiɖ
lion -ud
plur

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

(22)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Nab provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Nab forms relative clauses by using a head-internal strategy. The head noun appears inside the clause itself, occupying its regular syntactic position. The entire clause functions as a modifier, and its external syntactic behaviour is identical to that of a noun-modifying phrase.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

initial XML:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷɛkiʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut</p>
+  <p>квеґвэкив ћер̇ вањ хвозут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 23.

Квеґвэкив ћер̇ вањ хвозут.

[ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut]

kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈɡʷɛkiʋ
pat t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing

“I patted the cat.”

(23)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

initial XML:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
          <noun>mouse</noun>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-          <noun>mouse</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-      </relp>
+      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
        <subs>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
            <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          </vp>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </subs>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷɛkiʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxeʈ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeˈbais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut</p>
+  <p>квеґвэкив ћер̇ квехет̇ ћер̇ вањ ћебайсут вањ хвозут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxeʈ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeˈbais</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 24.

Квеґвэкив ћер̇ квехет̇ ћер̇ вањ ћебайсут вањ хвозут.

[ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut]

kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈɡʷɛkiʋ
pat t͡ɕeɽ
PAST kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈxeʈ
catch t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the t͡ɕeˈbais
mouse -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

(24)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

initial XML:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
              <noun>cheese</noun>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-              <noun>cheese</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
-          </relp>
+          </subs>
        </np>
-      </relp>
+      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+            <np role="obj">
+              <np type="owner_owned">
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
-        <np role="obj">
+                <np role="owner" number="sing">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            </np>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
+              </np>
+            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj">
              <np type="owner_owned">
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj">
              <np type="owner_owned">
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
-                <np role="owner" number="sing">
+                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
-            <np role="obj">
-              <np type="owner_owned">
+            <np role="obj" number="sing">
+              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </np>
+            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
-                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+                      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+                      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
        <subs>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
            <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          </vp>
-            <np role="obj" number="sing">
-              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+          <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
            <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
          </np>
-            </np>
        </subs>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-          <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
-          </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+              <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+              <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+              <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-            </np>
-          </subs>
-        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k o &#x27D;">ˈkoɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x288; u &#x3B8; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x290;">ʈuθøˈʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k o &#x27D;">ˈkoɽ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x288; u &#x3B8; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x290;">ʈuθøˈʐ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">ˈkoɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʈuθøˈʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷɛkiʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxeʈ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkoɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈuˈθøʐ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeˈbais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷekoɽ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ʈuˈθøʐut ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut</p>
+  <p>квеґвэкив ћер̇ квехет̇ ћер̇ квекор̇ ћер̇ вањ т̇уѳөз̇ут вањ ћебайсут вањ хвозут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxeʈ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkoɽ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈuˈθøʐ</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeˈbais</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 25.

Квеґвэкив ћер̇ квехет̇ ћер̇ квекор̇ ћер̇ вањ т̇уѳөз̇ут вањ ћебайсут вањ хвозут.

[ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷekoɽ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ʈuˈθøʐut ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut]

kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈɡʷɛkiʋ
pat t͡ɕeɽ
PAST kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈxeʈ
catch t͡ɕeɽ
PAST kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈkoɽ
eat t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ʈuˈθøʐ
cheese -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the t͡ɕeˈbais
mouse -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

(25)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

initial XML:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>buy</verb>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
                  <noun>cheese</noun>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>buy</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
-                  <noun>cheese</noun>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
-              <relp>
+              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
-              </relp>
+              </subs>
            </np>
-          </relp>
+          </subs>
        </np>
-      </relp>
+      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+            <np role="obj">
+              <np type="owner_owned">
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
-        <np role="obj">
+                <np role="owner" number="sing">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            </np>
                    <np role="obj">
+                      <np type="owner_owned">
+                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+                        </np>
+                        <np role="owner" number="sing">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-                </np>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
+                      </np>
+                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
+              </np>
+            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj">
              <np type="owner_owned">
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np role="obj">
                      <np type="owner_owned">
                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                        </np>
                        <np role="owner" number="sing">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj">
              <np type="owner_owned">
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
-                <np role="owner" number="sing">
+                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np role="obj">
                      <np type="owner_owned">
                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                        </np>
-                        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
-            <np role="obj">
-              <np type="owner_owned">
+            <np role="obj" number="sing">
+              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
-                    <np role="obj">
-                      <np type="owner_owned">
+                    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                        </np>
                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np role="obj" number="sing">
                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
-                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-                        </np>
                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
+                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                        </np>
                      </np>
+                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </np>
+            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np role="obj" number="sing">
                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np role="obj" number="sing">
                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
-                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
-            <np role="obj" number="sing">
+            <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
                  <subs>
-                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
-                    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+                    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
-                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
-                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+                      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+                      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                    </vp>
                    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                          <subs>
                            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+                              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                            </vp>
                            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                            </np>
                          </subs>
                        </np>
                        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
                          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                        </np>
                      </np>
                    </np>
                  </subs>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
                </np>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" person="1excl">
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
        <subs>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
            <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          </vp>
-            <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
-              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+          <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" person="1excl">
            <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
-                    <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
-                      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+                <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" person="1excl">
                  <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                    <subs>
                      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                        <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                      </vp>
                      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                      </np>
                    </subs>
                  </np>
                  <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
                    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                  </np>
                </np>
-                    </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
          </np>
-            </np>
        </subs>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" person="1excl">
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-          <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" person="1excl">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
-                <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" person="1excl">
            <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
              <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
            </np>
-                </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
-          </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
-              <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+              <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
+              <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+              <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+                  <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+                  <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
              <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="1excl">
-          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-              <subs>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-                </vp>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-                </np>
-              </subs>
-            </np>
-            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-            </np>
-          </subs>
-        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k o &#x27D;">ˈkoɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k&#x2B7; y k">ˈkʷyk</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x288; u &#x3B8; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x290;">ʈuθøˈʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x25B; k i &#x28B;">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; x e &#x288;">ˈxeʈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k o &#x27D;">ˈkoɽ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; k&#x2B7; y k">ˈkʷyk</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x288; u &#x3B8; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x290;">ʈuθøˈʐ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e b ai &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="x&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; z">xʷoˈz</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">ˈxeʈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">ˈkoɽ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">ˈkʷyk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʈuθøˈʐ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">t͡ɕebaiˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">xʷoˈz</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷɛkiʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxeʈ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkoɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkʷyk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;buy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʈuˈθøʐ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeˈbais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxʷoz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷekoɽ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷekʷyk t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ʈuˈθøʐut ˈɡaiɖ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut</p>
+  <p>квеґвэкив ћер̇ квехет̇ ћер̇ квекор̇ ћер̇ квеквүк ћер̇ вањ т̇уѳөз̇ут ґайд̇ вањ ћебайсут вањ хвозут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷɛkiʋ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxeʈ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkoɽ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkʷyk</o>
+      <g>buy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʈuˈθøʐ</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaiɖ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeˈbais</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxʷoz</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 26.

Квеґвэкив ћер̇ квехет̇ ћер̇ квекор̇ ћер̇ квеквүк ћер̇ вањ т̇уѳөз̇ут ґайд̇ вањ ћебайсут вањ хвозут.

[ˈkʷeɡʷɛkiʋ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷexeʈ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷekoɽ t͡ɕeɽ ˈkʷekʷyk t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ʈuˈθøʐut ˈɡaiɖ ˈʋaɲ t͡ɕeˈbaisut ˈʋaɲ ˈxʷozut]

kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈɡʷɛkiʋ
pat t͡ɕeɽ
PAST kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈxeʈ
catch t͡ɕeɽ
PAST kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈkoɽ
eat t͡ɕeɽ
PAST kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈkʷyk
buy t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ʈuˈθøʐ
cheese -ut
sing ˈɡaiɖ
1excl.sing ˈʋaɲ
the t͡ɕeˈbais
mouse -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ˈxʷoz
cat -ut
sing

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

(26)

Complementation Strategies

Nab forms complement clauses by nominalising the embedded verb. The nominalised form lacks finite verbal categories and behaves as a noun phrase. Subjects of nominalised clauses occur in the genitive case, and the nominalised verb establishes the semantic content of the complement.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

initial XML:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>surprise</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>give</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
          <noun>boy</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
          <noun>apple</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
          <noun>girl</noun>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
      <noun>teacher</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>surprise</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>give</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
-          <noun>boy</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
-          <noun>apple</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
-          <noun>girl</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
-      <noun>teacher</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
-            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
-              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-            </np>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
+            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj">
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
        <subs>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
            <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          </vp>
          <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
            <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          </np>
        </subs>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj">
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/case/optional

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; j a&#x2D0; &#x27E;">ˈjaːɾ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="n o &#x2C8; f">noˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; n">jɔˈn</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x256; &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x272; a &#x261; o &#x283;">ˈɲaɡoʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="&#x261; u &#x27E; u&#x2D0; h">ɡuɾuːh</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; j a&#x2D0; &#x27E;">ˈjaːɾ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="n o &#x2C8; f">noˈf</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; n">jɔˈn</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x27D; y z u &#x2C8; t">ɽyzuˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="&#x256; &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="&#x2C8; &#x272; a &#x261; o &#x283;">ˈɲaɡoʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="&#x261; u &#x27E; u&#x2D0; h">ɡuɾuːh</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ˈjaːɾ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">noˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">jɔˈn</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ɽyzuˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">ˈɲaɡoʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">ɡuɾuːh</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaːɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;give&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnof&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjɔn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɽyˈzut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɖɔt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲaɡoʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surprise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡuɾuːh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkʷejaːɾ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈnofut ˈjɔn ɽyˈzutut ˈʋaɲ ˈɖɔt͡ɕut ˈkʷeɲaɡoʃ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ɡuɾuːhut</p>
+  <p>квејаар ћер̇ вањ нофут јон р̇үзутут вањ д̇оћут квењаґош ћер̇ вањ ґуруугут</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaːɾ</o>
+      <g>give</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnof</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjɔn</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɽyˈzut</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɖɔt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲaɡoʃ</o>
+      <g>surprise</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡuɾuːh</o>
+      <g>teacher</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 27.

Квејаар ћер̇ вањ нофут јон р̇үзутут вањ д̇оћут квењаґош ћер̇ вањ ґуруугут.

[ˈkʷejaːɾ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈnofut ˈjɔn ɽyˈzutut ˈʋaɲ ˈɖɔt͡ɕut ˈkʷeɲaɡoʃ t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ɡuɾuːhut]

kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈjaːɾ
give t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ˈnof
girl -ut
sing ˈjɔn
a ɽyˈzut
apple -ut
sing ˈʋaɲ
the ˈɖɔt͡ɕ
boy -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈɲaɡoʃ
surprise t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ɡuɾuːh
teacher -ut
sing

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

(27)

Quotes

Nab expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

initial XML:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>tell</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="gnomic">
          <verb>love</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>tell</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="gnomic">
-          <verb>love</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module embed:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-        </np>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
-            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing" person="1excl">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" tr="rheme" person="1excl">
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
        <subs>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
            <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          </vp>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
        </subs>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
        <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" tr="rheme" person="1excl">
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x256; &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; b e&#x2D0; k">ˈbeːk</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="n o &#x2C8; f">noˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="&#x256; &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="&#x2C8; b e&#x2D0; k">ˈbeːk</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; e &#x27D;">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="&#x28B; a &#x2C8; &#x272;">ʋaˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="n o &#x2C8; f">noˈf</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="u t">ut</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x2B7;">kʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x2C8; m e&#x2D0; z">ˈmeːz</word>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="&#x261; a &#x2C8; &#x27E;">ɡaˈɾ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" ph="&#x261; ai &#x2C8; &#x256;">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɖɔˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">ˈbeːk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">t͡ɕeɽ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">ʋaˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">noˈf</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ut</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS">kʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">ˈmeːz</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">ɡaˈɾ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme">ɡaiˈɖ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɖɔt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeːk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕeɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnof&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;e-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmeːz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡaiɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʋaɲ ˈɖɔt͡ɕut ˈkʷebeːk t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈnofut ˈkʷemeːz ˈɡaɾ ˈɡaiɖ</p>
+  <p>вањ д̇оћут квебеек ћер̇ вањ нофут квемеез ґар ґайд̇</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɖɔt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeːk</o>
+      <g>tell</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕeɽ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋaɲ</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnof</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ut</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kʷ-</o>
+      <g>POS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>e-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmeːz</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaɾ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡaiɖ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 28.

Вањ д̇оћут квебеек ћер̇ вањ нофут квемеез ґар ґайд̇.

[ˈʋaɲ ˈɖɔt͡ɕut ˈkʷebeːk t͡ɕeɽ ˈʋaɲ ˈnofut ˈkʷemeːz ˈɡaɾ ˈɡaiɖ]

ˈʋaɲ
the ˈɖɔt͡ɕ
boy -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈbeːk
tell t͡ɕeɽ
PAST ˈʋaɲ
the ˈnof
girl -ut
sing kʷ-
POS e-
active ˈmeːz
love ˈɡaɾ
2.sing ˈɡaiɖ
1excl.sing

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

(28)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Nab. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 23 August 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/2HHBG

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-2HHBG,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Nab}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/2HHBG}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 23 August 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Nab / Nab–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.

Readers are encouraged to share observations or corrections via the feedback form. The present page may be accessed directly at:

https://languagecreator.org/grammar/2HHBG

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