A Grammar of Do
Introduction
Scope and Purpose
This grammar provides a systematic description of the Do language (the 1283rd one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.
The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Do.
Typological Profile
It has a highly marked collection of glottal, uvular, pharyngeal or epiglottal contrasts, a total lack of nasal consonants, the typologically rare OSV basic word order, a maximally developed dental–alveolar opposition and no inflections (clitics do the hard work).Phonology
Phoneme Inventory
Consonants
Do has an extremely large consonant inventory, totalling 50 phonemes. Such a system is exceptional in scale.
It has a maximally developed dental–alveolar opposition, a richly developed retroflex subsystem, an extensive and fully contrastive palatal series, a highly marked collection of glottal, uvular, pharyngeal or epiglottal contrasts and a total lack of nasal consonants.The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Do. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.
| vel. labial | pal. labial | vel. alveolar | pal. alveolar | vel. postalveolar | pal. postalveolar | palatal | vel. retroflex | pal. retroflex | vel. velar | pal. velar | vel. uvular | pal. uvular | vel. pharyngeal | pal. pharyngeal | vel. epiglottal | pal. epiglottal | glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stop | pˠ bˠ | pʲ bʲ | dˠ tˠ | dʲ tʲ | ɖˠ ʈˠ | ɖʲ ʈʲ | kˠ ɡˠ | kʲ ɡʲ | qˠ ɢˠ | qʲ ɢʲ | ʡˠ | ʡʲ | ʔ | |||||
| trill/tap/flap | ɽˠ | ɽʲ | ʜˠ | ʜʲ | ||||||||||||||
| fricative | fˠ | fʲ | sˠ zˠ | sʲ zʲ | ʃˠ ʒˠ | ʃʲ ʒʲ | ʂˠ ʐˠ | ʂʲ ʐʲ | xˠ | xʲ | ʕˠ | ʕʲ | h | |||||
| approximant | ʋˠ | ʋʲ | j |
Vowels
Do has 8 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.
It has a fully contrastive long–short vowel distinction across the system, a strongly reduced vowel system in unstressed syllables and a fully three-way front–central–back distinction.The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Do. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.
| front | central | back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| close | i | ɨ | u |
| mid | e | ə | o |
| open | æ | ɑ |
Stress and Tones
Do has neither phonemic stress nor lexical tone. Prosodic prominence and pitch variation are determined by pragmatic and discourse factors rather than by lexical contrasts.
Phonological Processes
Vowel Harmony
Vowel harmony does not exist in this language.
Writing System
Introduction
Do is normally written using the Cyrillic alphabet, a script with a long and varied history across Eastern Europe and northern Asia. In this grammar, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also used to give an unambiguous representation of sound.
The conventions adopted here follow standard Cyrillic practice for the language where that exists; where they do not, the IPA transcription should be taken as authoritative.
Orthography
Here are the various components of the orthography:
Simple letters
| б /b/ | в /ʋ/ | г /h/ | д /d/ |
| д̇ /ɖ/ | е /ʲe/ | ж /ʒ/ | з /z/ |
| з̇ /ʐ/ | и /ʲi/ | к /k/ | о /ˠo/ |
| п /p/ | р̇ /ɽ/ | с /s/ | с̇ /ʂ/ |
| т /t/ | т̇ /ʈ/ | у /ˠu/ | ф /f/ |
| х /x/ | ш /ʃ/ | ъ /ˠ/ | ы /ˠi/ |
| ь /ʲ/ | э /ˠe/ | ю /ʲu/ | ё /ʲo/ |
| ј /j/ | ґ /ɡ/ | ӏ /ʔ/ | ӷ /ɢ/ |
| ԛ /q/ |
Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs
| ее /eː/ | ии /iː/ | оо /oː/ |
| уу /uː/ | хъ /ʜ/ | ъы /ˠɨ/ |
| ъѣ /ˠæ/ | ъӓ /ˠɑ/ | ъә /ˠə/ |
| ыы /ɨː/ | ьы /ʲɨ/ | ьѣ /ʲæ/ |
| ьӓ /ʲɑ/ | ьә /ʲə/ | ѣѣ /æː/ |
| ғъ /ʕ/ | Ӏъ /ʡ/ | ӓӓ /ɑː/ |
| әә /əː/ |
Word Classes and Morphology
Number and Gender
Number
Do does not have grammatical number.
Gender
Do has the following genders:
Gender masc – for instance: д̇ьәːшькё ‘bosom’, дъәжьд̇е ‘knee’, жьпьәːз̇ъбъѣː ‘slime’, з̇ьд̇ю ‘man’, з̇ьӷё ‘boy’, зъґьәз̇ъѣ ‘river’, зьґьѣ ‘road’, кьәːжъпу ‘fog’, с̇ъпыː ‘east’, с̇ьӏəԛи ‘brick’, с̇ьәжэ ‘cloud’, съку ‘father’, сьәтьѣː ‘salt’, фъәːс̇ьт̇ьы ‘net’, хъъәжъд̇ю ‘urine’, шъӀъэ ‘sea’, шьт̇ъы ‘nose’, јәәзьґу ‘ash’, ґъәːз̇ьґъӓ ‘God’, ғъы ‘son’.
Gender fem – for instance: бьәт̇иː ‘wheat’, гəӀъё ‘apple’, д̇ьәшё ‘mountain’, дё ‘Do’, жъәс̇ькъӓ ‘neighbour’, жьәзьд̇ёː ‘jaguar’, з̇ъд̇о ‘girl’, з̇ьдыː ‘mother’, зъбъәде ‘neck’, зъӷъәґьӓ ‘feather’, зюː ‘head’, с̇ътъы ‘meat’, с̇ъӀъьәзъԛоː ‘worm’, с̇ьӀъъы ‘bed’, сът̇ьәхю ‘teacher’, шъкю ‘egg’, шъпъѣː ‘fruit’, шът̇ъәпъы ‘wing’, ғъьәԛё ‘mouse’, ӏɑ ‘speech’.
Gender neut – for instance: гɑ ‘earth’, гəки ‘bark’, дьәːсът̇ьӓː ‘vagina’, дэː ‘idea’, жьби ‘blood’, жьт̇у ‘mouth’, з̇ъпи ‘tree’, зьґьыː ‘moon’, зьґьәːғъъѣ ‘anus’, с̇ъкъәːшъӀъьӓ ‘medicine’, с̇ът̇ьәːфъѣː ‘box’, с̇ъәːдю ‘restaurant’, с̇ьәјo ‘ice’, сьт̇о ‘knife’, сьтъы ‘colour’, тъѣ ‘top’, шътъәс̇ьԛю ‘forest’, ғъъәːз̇ъӓ ‘library’, ғъъәшъӓ ‘rope’, Ӏъъәӷо ‘court’.
The Nominal Phrase
Nominal phrases in Do can be exemplified by the following example:
initial XML:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
<noun>woman</noun>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>knife</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
<adj>blind</adj>
<num>three</num>
<det>yon</det>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>woman</noun> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>knife</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> - <adj>blind</adj> - <num>three</num> - <det>yon</det> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module constorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> + </np> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> - </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut"> + <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> - <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut"> + <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for yon/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got neut
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> - <s> - <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ e" slots="Cir V1">ʃˠe</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+pˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠpˠi</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+kʲ e" slots="Cir V1">sʲkʲe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+kˠ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠkˠæ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="Cms V2"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ o" slots="Cir V1">sʲʈˠo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/e/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > /e/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ e" slots="Cir V1">ʃˠe</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+pˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠpˠi</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+kʲ e" slots="Cir V1">sʲkʲe</word> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ e">ʃˠe</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+pˠ i">ʂˠpˠi</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+kʲ e">sʲkʲe</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+kˠ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠkˠæ</word> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+kˠ æ">ʐˠkˠæ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="Cms V2"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ o" slots="Cir V1">sʲʈˠo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ o">sʲʈˠo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ e">ʃˠe</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+pˠ i">ʂˠpˠi</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+kʲ e">sʲkʲe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+kˠ æ">ʐˠkˠæ</word> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="Cms V2"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ o">sʲʈˠo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʃˠe</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʂˠpˠi</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">sʲkʲe</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʐˠkˠæ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">sʲʈˠo</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠe</span><br><span class="gls">yon</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠpˠi</span><br><span class="gls">three</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕʲəqʲo</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲkʲe</span><br><span class="gls">blind</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠkˠæ</span><br><span class="gls">woman</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMIT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲʈˠo</span><br><span class="gls">knife</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɖʲə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʜʲu</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ʃˠesʲʈˠə ʂˠpˠi ʕʲəqʲo sʲkʲe zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐˠkˠæ sʲʈʲəɢʲæː zʲbˠuː sʲʈˠo ʐʲɖʲə ʜʲu pˠəː</p> + <p>шэсьт̇ъә с̇ъпы ғъьәԛё ське зьбъсьт̇ъә з̇ъкъѣ сьт̇ьәӷьѣː зьбуː сьт̇о з̇ьд̇ьә хъю пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʃˠe</o> + <g>yon</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠpˠi</o> + <g>three</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕʲəqʲo</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲkʲe</o> + <g>blind</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠkˠæ</o> + <g>woman</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</o> + <g>COMIT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲʈˠo</o> + <g>knife</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɖʲə</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʜʲu</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Шэсьт̇ъә с̇ъпы ғъьәԛё ське зьбъсьт̇ъә з̇ъкъѣ сьт̇ьәӷьѣː зьбуː сьт̇о з̇ьд̇ьә хъю пъәː. [ʃˠesʲʈˠə ʂˠpˠi ʕʲəqʲo sʲkʲe zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐˠkˠæ sʲʈʲəɢʲæː zʲbˠuː sʲʈˠo ʐʲɖʲə ʜʲu pˠəː] ʃˠe yon -sʲʈˠə fem ʂˠpˠi three ʕʲəqʲo mouse sʲkʲe blind zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʐˠkˠæ woman sʲʈʲəɢʲæː COMIT zʲbˠuː the sʲʈˠo knife ʐʲɖʲə LOC ʜʲu catch pˠəː PAST “The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.” | (1) |
In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.
All nominal phrase clitics in Do are enclitics (placed finally), and there are two types: a clitic expressing possessor, comprising з̇ъәː /ʐˠəː/ ‘1incl’, хъәː /xˠəː/ ‘1excl’, жьд̇ъәː /ʒʲɖˠəː/ ‘2’, с̇ъԛъә /ʂˠqˠə/ ‘3.masc’, зъд̇ъәː /zˠɖˠəː/ ‘3.fem’ and тьә /tʲə/ ‘3.neut’ followed by a clitic expressing case, comprising жъӏə /ʒˠʔə/ ‘GEN’, шъә /ʃˠə/ ‘DAT’, фъә /fˠə/ ‘INS’, з̇ьбьә /ʐʲbʲə/ ‘VOC’, Ӏъьә /ʡʲə/ ‘ALL’, з̇ьд̇ьә /ʐʲɖʲə/ ‘LOC’, с̇ьԛьә /ʂʲqʲə/ ‘ABL’ and къә /kˠə/ ‘PART’.
The morphology of the elements of the nominal phrase, i.e., nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns, is described below, as is the way that possession is expressed in Do.
The Noun
The noun in Do stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
The noun displays the following derivational morphology: 20 suffixes, namely -дьә /-dʲə/ ‘little’, -з̇ьә /-ʐʲə/ ‘big’, -съә /-sˠə/ ‘old’, -Ӏъъәː /-ʡˠəː/ ‘new’, -жьә /-ʒʲə/ ‘good’, -сьт̇ьәː /-sʲʈʲəː/ ‘bad’, -зъә /-zˠə/ ‘have’, -ғъьә /-ʕʲə/ ‘use’, -зьпъә /-zʲpˠə/ ‘see’, -з̇ъдъә /-ʐˠdˠə/ ‘make’, -кьә /-kʲə/ ‘break’, -хъә /-xˠə/ ‘eat’, -с̇ьӏәә /-ʂʲʔəː/ ‘drink’, -ґьә /-ɡʲə/ ‘wear’, -ғъьәː /-ʕʲəː/ ‘own’, -зъд̇ьә /-zˠɖʲə/ ‘contain’, -д̇ьә /-ɖʲə/ ‘hold’, -р̇ьәː /-ɽʲəː/ ‘lack’, -фъә /-fˠə/ ‘touch’ and -с̇ьӀъьә /-ʂʲʡʲə/ ‘carry’
The Adjective
The adjective in Do stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Numerals
The numeral in Do stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Determiners
In Do, the determiner has the following structure: the root followed by an optional suffix expressing gender, comprising -з̇ъә /-ʐˠə/ ‘masc’ and -сьт̇ъә /-sʲʈˠə/ ‘fem’.
Pronouns
The pronoun in Do stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Do always includes the personal pronouns, even if they are not stressed. This is similar to English, where the only way to distinguish "he loves her" from "he loves her" and "he loves her" is the stress. So the following corresponds exactly to English in this regard:
initial XML:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e" slots="Cir V1">ɖˠe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="sˠ+tʲ u" slots="Cir V1">sˠtʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e" slots="Cir V1">ɖˠe</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e">ɖˠe</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="sˠ+tʲ u" slots="Cir V1">sˠtʲu</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="sˠ+tʲ u">sˠtʲu</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e">ɖˠe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="sˠ+tʲ u">sˠtʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋˠɑː</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɖˠe</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">sˠtʲu</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋˠɑː</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖˠe</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtʲu</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span></p> + <p>ʋˠɑː ɖˠe sˠtʲu</p> + <p>въӓː д̇э сътю</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʋˠɑː</o> + <g>3.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖˠe</o> + <g>3.masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtʲu</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Въӓː д̇э сътю. [ʋˠɑː ɖˠe sˠtʲu] ʋˠɑː 3.fem ɖˠe 3.masc sˠtʲu love “He (the boy) loves her (the girl).” | (2) |
Proper Nouns
initial XML:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>hate</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>NN1</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>NN2</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>hate</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>NN1</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>NN2</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> +<example id="loveprop" translation="Spashi hates Zahdazhi."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahdazhi" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʐʲ+ɖˠ əː ʐˠ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Spashi" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="sˠ+pʲ ə ʃʲ+ʔ iː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ɢʲ əː ʐʲ+ɡʲ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
<example id="loveprop" translation="Spashi hates Zahdazhi."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahdazhi" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʐʲ+ɖˠ əː ʐˠ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahdazhi" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʐʲ+ɖˠ əː ʐˠ i">ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Spashi" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="sˠ+pʲ ə ʃʲ+ʔ iː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Spashi" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="sˠ+pʲ ə ʃʲ+ʔ iː">sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ɢʲ əː ʐʲ+ɡʲ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ɢʲ əː ʐʲ+ɡʲ i">ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="loveprop" translation="Spashi hates Zahdazhi."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahdazhi" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʐʲ+ɖˠ əː ʐˠ i">ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Spashi" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="sˠ+pʲ ə ʃʲ+ʔ iː">sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ɢʲ əː ʐʲ+ɡʲ i">ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahdazhi" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes">ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Spashi" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes">sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi</span><br><span class="gls">Zahdazhi</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː</span><br><span class="gls">Spashi</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</span><br><span class="gls">hate</span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi zʲbˠuːʐˠə sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә З̇ьд̇ъәːз̇ы зьбуːз̇ъә Съпьәшьӏии ӷьәːз̇ьґи</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi</o> + <g>Zahdazhi</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː</o> + <g>Spashi</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi</o> + <g>hate</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә З̇ьд̇ъәːз̇ы зьбуːз̇ъә Съпьәшьӏии ӷьәːз̇ьґи. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi zʲbˠuːʐˠə sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʐʲɖˠəːʐˠi Zahdazhi zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc sˠpʲəʃʲʔiː Spashi ɢʲəːʐʲɡʲi hate “Spashi hates Zahdazhi.” | (3) |
Possession
initial XML:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + </np> </example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o">ʐʲɢʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o">ʐʲɢʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həʡʲo</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqˠə</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɢʲo</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə həʡʲo ʂˠqˠə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐʲɢʲo ʒˠʔə</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә гəӀъё с̇ъԛъә зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ьӷё жъӏə</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həʡʲo</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqˠə</o> + <g>3.masc.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɢʲo</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
зьбъсьт̇ъә гəӀъё с̇ъԛъә зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ьӷё жъӏə [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə həʡʲo ʂˠqˠə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐʲɢʲo ʒˠʔə] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem həʡʲo apple ʂˠqˠə 3.masc.POSS zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʐʲɢʲo boy ʒˠʔə GEN “the boy’s apple” | (4) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> - </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> + </np> </example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e" slots="Cir V1">ɖˠe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e" slots="Cir V1">ɖˠe</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e">ɖˠe</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ e">ɖˠe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="masc" gloss="3.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">ɖˠe</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həʡʲo</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqˠə</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖˠe</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə həʡʲo ʂˠqˠə ɖˠe ʒˠʔə</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә гəӀъё с̇ъԛъә д̇э жъӏə</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həʡʲo</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqˠə</o> + <g>3.masc.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖˠe</o> + <g>3.masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
зьбъсьт̇ъә гəӀъё с̇ъԛъә д̇э жъӏə [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə həʡʲo ʂˠqˠə ɖˠe ʒˠʔə] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem həʡʲo apple ʂˠqˠə 3.masc.POSS ɖˠe 3.masc ʒˠʔə GEN “his (the boy’s) apple” | (5) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS" ph="xˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">xˠəː</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS" ph="xˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">xˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS" ph="xˠ əː">xˠəː</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS" ph="xˠ əː">xˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="1excl">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.POSS">xˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həʡʲo</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xˠəː</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə həʡʲo xˠəː</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә гəӀъё хъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həʡʲo</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xˠəː</o> + <g>1excl.POSS</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
зьбъсьт̇ъә гəӀъё хъәː [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə həʡʲo xˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem həʡʲo apple xˠəː 1excl.POSS “my apple” | (6) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kiss</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>neighbour</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kiss</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>neighbour</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> - </vp> - <np role="subj"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> - </np> - </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> + <np role="subj"> + <np type="owner_owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + </np> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="subj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="obj"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="subj"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np role="subj" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="obj" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np role="obj"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> + <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="subj" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np role="subj"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> - <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word person="2" posp="pron"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="subj"> + <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<np role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="masc"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner" gender="fem"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" possessor="no.owner" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="masc"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </np> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="subj" possessor="no.owner" gender="fem"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="subj" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> - </np> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="subj" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </s> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot masc
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> - <s> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʕˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʕˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="ʒˠ ə ʂʲ+kˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e" slots="Cir V1">sˠkʲe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʂʲ ə ɖʲ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʂʲəɖʲe</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʕˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʕˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="ʒˠ ə ʂʲ+kˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʕˠ i">ʕˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="ʒˠ ə ʂʲ+kˠ ɑ">ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e" slots="Cir V1">sˠkʲe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e">sˠkʲe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʂʲ ə ɖʲ e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʂʲəɖʲe</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʂʲ ə ɖʲ e">ʂʲəɖʲe</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʕˠ i">ʕˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" ph="ʒˠ ə ʂʲ+kˠ ɑ">ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e">sˠkʲe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʂʲ ə ɖʲ e">ʂʲəɖʲe</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">ʕˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="2">ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">sˠkʲe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">ʂʲəɖʲe</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕˠi</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˠɖˠəː</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ</span><br><span class="gls">neighbour</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɖˠəː</span><br><span class="gls">2.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠkʲe</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqˠə</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲəɖʲe</span><br><span class="gls">kiss</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʕˠi zˠɖˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ ʒʲɖˠəː ʒˠʔə zʲbˠsʲʈˠə sˠkʲe ʂˠqˠə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo ʒˠʔə ʂʲəɖʲe pˠəː</p> + <p>зьбуːз̇ъә ғъы зъд̇ъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә жъәс̇ькъӓ жьд̇ъәː жъӏə зьбъсьт̇ъә съке с̇ъԛъә зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо жъӏə с̇ьәд̇е пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕˠi</o> + <g>son</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˠɖˠəː</o> + <g>3.fem.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ</o> + <g>neighbour</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɖˠəː</o> + <g>2.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠkʲe</o> + <g>daughter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqˠə</o> + <g>3.masc.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠbˠəqˠo</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲəɖʲe</o> + <g>kiss</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбуːз̇ъә ғъы зъд̇ъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә жъәс̇ькъӓ жьд̇ъәː жъӏə зьбъсьт̇ъә съке с̇ъԛъә зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо жъӏə с̇ьәд̇е пъәː. [zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʕˠi zˠɖˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ ʒʲɖˠəː ʒˠʔə zʲbˠsʲʈˠə sˠkʲe ʂˠqˠə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo ʒˠʔə ʂʲəɖʲe pˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʕˠi son zˠɖˠəː 3.fem.POSS zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʒˠəʂʲkˠɑ neighbour ʒʲɖˠəː 2.POSS ʒˠʔə GEN zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem sˠkʲe daughter ʂˠqˠə 3.masc.POSS zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʐˠbˠəqˠo hunter ʒˠʔə GEN ʂʲəɖʲe kiss pˠəː PAST “The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.” | (7) |
Derivation
initial XML:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
<noun>lamb</noun>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme"> - <noun>lamb</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˠəːdˠæː</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span></p> + <p>ɢˠəːdˠæː</p> + <p>ӷъәːдъѣː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɢˠəːdˠæː</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ӷъәːдъѣː [ɢˠəːdˠæː] ɢˠəːdˠæː lamb “a lamb” | (8) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</example>module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> + </word> </np> </example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <flat> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/æː/ + /dʲ/ > // + /dʲ/<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<flat>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə">dʲə</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <flat> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə">dʲə</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">dʲə</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˠəːdˠæː</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dʲə</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span></p> + <p>ɢˠəːdˠdʲə</p> + <p>ӷъәːдъдьә</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɢˠəːdˠæː</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dʲə</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ӷъәːдъдьә [ɢˠəːdˠdʲə] ɢˠəːdˠæː lamb -dʲə little “a little lamb” | (9) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</s>
</example>submodule transform_verb_obj
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">zˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/æː/ + /dʲ/ > // + /dʲ//ə/ + /zˠ/ > // + /zˠ/
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">zˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ" underlying="dʲ ə">dʲ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə">zˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ" underlying="dʲ ə">dʲ</thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə">zˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋˠɑː</word> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="dʲ ə">dʲ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">zˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋˠɑː</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˠəːdˠæː</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dʲə</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-zˠə</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ʋˠɑː ɢˠəːdˠdʲzˠə pˠəː</p> + <p>въӓː ӷъәːдъдьзъә пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʋˠɑː</o> + <g>3.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢˠəːdˠæː</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dʲə</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-zˠə</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Въӓː ӷъәːдъдьзъә пъәː. [ʋˠɑː ɢˠəːdˠdʲzˠə pˠəː] ʋˠɑː 3.fem ɢˠəːdˠæː lamb -dʲə little -zˠə have pˠəː PAST “She had a little lamb.” | (10) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
submodule transform_adj
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>submodule transform_verb_obj
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>submodule transform_verb_verb
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
- </vp>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- </np>
- </subs>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">zˠə</thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʃʲ+pˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʃʲpˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/æː/ + /dʲ/ > // + /dʲ//ə/ + /zˠ/ > // + /zˠ/
/ə/ + /ʃʲ+pˠ/ > /ə/ + /ʃʲ+pˠ/
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">zˠə</thingy> - <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʃʲ+pˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʃʲpˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ" underlying="dʲ ə">dʲ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə">zˠə</thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʃʲ+pˠ ə">ʃʲpˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ" underlying="dʲ ə">dʲ</thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="zˠ ə">zˠə</thingy> - <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʃʲ+pˠ ə">ʃʲpˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋˠɑː</word> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="dʲ ə">dʲ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">zˠə</thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb">ʃʲpˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋˠɑː</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˠəːdˠæː</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dʲə</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-zˠə</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʃʲpˠə</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ʋˠɑː ɢˠəːdˠdʲzˠəʃʲpˠə pˠəː</p> + <p>въӓː ӷъәːдъдьзъәшьпъә пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʋˠɑː</o> + <g>3.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢˠəːdˠæː</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dʲə</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-zˠə</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʃʲpˠə</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Въӓː ӷъәːдъдьзъәшьпъә пъәː. [ʋˠɑː ɢˠəːdˠdʲzˠəʃʲpˠə pˠəː] ʋˠɑː 3.fem ɢˠəːdˠæː lamb -dʲə little -zˠə have -ʃʲpˠə want pˠəː PAST “She wanted to have a little lamb.” | (11) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
<adv>often</adv>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> - <adv>often</adv> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
submodule transform_adj
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + </vp> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" gender="neut" number="sing"> <subs> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np role="obj" gender="neut" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" gender="neut"> <subs> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np role="obj" gender="neut">
<subs>
<np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np role="obj" gender="neut"> + <np role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> - <s> - <np role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <np tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʐˠ+dˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠdˠuː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲæ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+tʲ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲtʲɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/æː/ + /dʲ/ > // + /dʲ/<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<flat>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢˠəːdˠæː</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə" slots="Cms V2">dʲə</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə">dʲə</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʐˠ+dˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠdˠuː</word>
- <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʐˠ+dˠ uː">ʐˠdˠuː</word>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
- <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː" slots="Cir V1">ʋˠɑː</word>
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲæ</word>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+tʲ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲtʲɨ</word>
- <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ æ">ʃʲæ</word>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+tʲ ɨ">ʃʲtʲɨ</word>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɢˠ əː dˠ" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="dʲ ə">dʲə</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʐˠ+dˠ uː">ʐˠdˠuː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʋˠ ɑː">ʋˠɑː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ æ">ʃʲæ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+tʲ ɨ">ʃʲtʲɨ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ɢˠ əː dˠ æː">ɢˠəːdˠ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">dʲə</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">ʐˠdˠuː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʋˠɑː</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem">ʃʲæ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.neut" subj="3.fem">ʃʲtʲɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˠəːdˠæː</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dʲə</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠdˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋˠɑː</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃʲæ</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃʲtʲɨ</span><br><span class="gls">often</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɢˠəːdˠdʲə ʐˠdˠuː pˠəː sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ ʋˠɑː ʃʲæ ʃʲtʲɨ pˠəː</p> + <p>ӷъәːдъдьә з̇ъдуː пъәː сътъәзьд̇ъӓ въӓː шьѣ шьтьы пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɢˠəːdˠæː</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dʲə</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠdˠuː</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋˠɑː</o> + <g>3.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃʲæ</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃʲtʲɨ</o> + <g>often</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Ӷъәːдъдьә з̇ъдуː пъәː сътъәзьд̇ъӓ въӓː шьѣ шьтьы пъәː. [ɢˠəːdˠdʲə ʐˠdˠuː pˠəː sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ ʋˠɑː ʃʲæ ʃʲtʲɨ pˠəː] ɢˠəːdˠæː lamb -dʲə little ʐˠdˠuː have pˠəː PAST sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ COMP ʋˠɑː 3.fem ʃʲæ want ʃʲtʲɨ often pˠəː PAST “She often wanted to have a little lamb.” | (12) |
Compounding
Verbs
Inflectional Categories
All verbal phrase clitics in Do are enclitics (placed finally), and there are five types: first, a clitic expressing ta, comprising пъәː /pˠəː/ ‘PAST’; second, a clitic expressing mode, comprising ӷьә /ɢʲə/ ‘imperative’, шьпьә /ʃʲpʲə/ ‘conditional’ and р̇ъә /ɽˠə/ ‘optative’; third, a clitic expressing voice, comprising т̇ъәː /ʈˠəː/ ‘passive’; fourth, a clitic expressing negation, comprising с̇ъпъәː /ʂˠpˠəː/ ‘NEG’; and finally, fifth, a clitic expressing question, comprising ԛъә /qˠə/ ‘Q’.
The verb itself does not have any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
The verb displays the following derivational morphology: 12 suffixes, namely -шът̇ъә /-ʃˠʈˠə/ ‘begin’, -сът̇ъәː /-sˠʈˠəː/ ‘stop’, -з̇ъбьә /-ʐˠbʲə/ ‘continue’, -с̇ьт̇ъә /-ʂʲʈˠə/ ‘try’, -жъә /-ʒˠə/ ‘start’, -шьпъә /-ʃʲpˠə/ ‘want’, -хъьә /-ʜʲə/ ‘can’, -с̇ьӏə /-ʂʲʔə/ ‘finish’, -з̇ъдьә /-ʐˠdʲə/ ‘need’, -ӷъә /-ɢˠə/ ‘decide’, -зьдьә /-zʲdʲə/ ‘fail’ and -шъәː /-ʃˠəː/ ‘hope’
initial XML:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/> </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
- <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> - <s> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> + <flat> <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u" slots="Cir V1">sˠtʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> + <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u" slots="Cir V1">sˠtʲu</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u">sˠtʲu</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u">sˠtʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl">sˠtʲu</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠʈˠɑ</span><br><span class="gls">2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtʲu</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span></p> + <p>ʃˠʈˠɑ ʒˠbˠi sˠtʲu</p> + <p>шът̇ъӓ жъбы сътю</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʃˠʈˠɑ</o> + <g>2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtʲu</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Шът̇ъӓ жъбы сътю. [ʃˠʈˠɑ ʒˠbˠi sˠtʲu] ʃˠʈˠɑ 2 ʒˠbˠi 1excl sˠtʲu love “I love you.” | (13) |
Adverbs Minor Classes
Adpositions
There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.
initial XML:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>table</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>table</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot masc
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʐˠ+dʲ uː" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠdʲuː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽˠ æː" slots="Cir V1">ɽˠæː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʐˠ+dʲ uː" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠdʲuː</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽˠ æː" slots="Cir V1">ɽˠæː</word> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʐˠ+dʲ uː">ʐˠdʲuː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽˠ æː">ɽˠæː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʐˠ+dʲ uː">ʐˠdʲuː</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽˠ æː">ɽˠæː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">ʐˠdʲuː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ɽˠæː</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠdʲuː</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠæː</span><br><span class="gls">table</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɖʲə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span></p> + <p>ʐˠdʲuː zʲbˠuːʐˠə ɽˠæː ʐʲɖʲə</p> + <p>з̇ъдюː зьбуːз̇ъә р̇ъѣː з̇ьд̇ьә</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʐˠdʲuː</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽˠæː</o> + <g>table</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɖʲə</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
з̇ъдюː зьбуːз̇ъә р̇ъѣː з̇ьд̇ьә [ʐˠdʲuː zʲbˠuːʐˠə ɽˠæː ʐʲɖʲə] ʐˠdʲuː in_surface zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ɽˠæː table ʐʲɖʲə LOC “on the table” | (14) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>box</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>box</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot neut
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> - <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ʒʲ ɨː" slots="Cir V1">ʒʲɨː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="Cms V2"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+ʈʲ əː fˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ʒʲ ɨː" slots="Cir V1">ʒʲɨː</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ʒʲ ɨː">ʒʲɨː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="Cms V2"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+ʈʲ əː fˠ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+ʈʲ əː fˠ æː">ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ʒʲ ɨː">ʒʲɨː</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="Cms V2"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂˠ+ʈʲ əː fˠ æː">ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">ʒʲɨː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɨː</span><br><span class="gls">to_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː</span><br><span class="gls">box</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɖʲə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span></p> + <p>ʒʲɨː zʲbˠuː ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː ʐʲɖʲə</p> + <p>жьыː зьбуː с̇ът̇ьәːфъѣː з̇ьд̇ьә</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɨː</o> + <g>to_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː</o> + <g>box</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɖʲə</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
жьыː зьбуː с̇ът̇ьәːфъѣː з̇ьд̇ьә [ʒʲɨː zʲbˠuː ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː ʐʲɖʲə] ʒʲɨː to_inside zʲbˠuː the ʂˠʈʲəːfˠæː box ʐʲɖʲə LOC “into the box” | (15) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> - <pp role="comitative"> + <flat> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative" ph="sʲ+ʈʲ ə ɢʲ æː">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʲ ə">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="LOC">ʐʲɖʲə</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMIT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɖʲə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span></p> + <p>sʲʈʲəɢʲæː ʒˠbˠi ʐʲɖʲə</p> + <p>сьт̇ьәӷьѣː жъбы з̇ьд̇ьә</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>sʲʈʲəɢʲæː</o> + <g>COMIT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɖʲə</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
сьт̇ьәӷьѣː жъбы з̇ьд̇ьә [sʲʈʲəɢʲæː ʒˠbˠi ʐʲɖʲə] sʲʈʲəɢʲæː COMIT ʒˠbˠi 1excl ʐʲɖʲə LOC “with me” | (16) |
Syntax
Basic Clause Structure
Constituent Order
Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.
Do adopts Object–Subject–Verb (OSV) as its unmarked word order. The object precedes the subject, and the verb appears clause-finally. OSV is a rare ordering pattern but is attested in a small number of languages.
The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Do.
initial XML:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot masc
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲʔiː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲʔiː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː">ʃʲʔiː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː">ʃʲʔiː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.masc" subj="3.fem">ʃʲʔiː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃʲʔiː</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː ʃʲʔiː pˠəː</p> + <p>зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо зьбъсьт̇ъә жьәзьд̇ёː шьӏии пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠbˠəqˠo</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</o> + <g>jaguar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃʲʔiː</o> + <g>kill</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо зьбъсьт̇ъә жьәзьд̇ёː шьӏии пъәː. [zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː ʃʲʔiː pˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʐˠbˠəqˠo hunter zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː jaguar ʃʲʔiː kill pˠəː PAST “The jaguar killed the hunter.” | (17) |
initial XML:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>dog</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>dog</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module addgender:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np role="obj"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np role="obj" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np role="obj"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="fem"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> </np> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </np> </np> </np> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np role="obj" possessor="no.owner" gender="fem"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </np> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> - </np> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </s> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> - <s> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="qˠ e" slots="Cir V1">qˠe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e" slots="Cir V1">sˠkʲe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʡˠədʲi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="qˠ e" slots="Cir V1">qˠe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e" slots="Cir V1">sˠkʲe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="qˠ e">qˠe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e">sˠkʲe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʡˠədʲi</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i">ʡˠədʲi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">sˠqˠɨ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" ph="qˠ e">qˠe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="sˠ+kʲ e">sˠkʲe</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i">ʡˠədʲi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ">sˠqˠɨ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" possessor="3.fem">qˠe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">sˠkʲe</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʡˠədʲi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">qˠe</span><br><span class="gls">dog</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˠɖˠəː</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠkʲe</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqˠə</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʡˠədʲi</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠqˠɨ</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə qˠe zˠɖˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə sˠkʲe ʂˠqˠə ʒˠʔə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo ʒˠʔə zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʡˠədʲi sˠqˠɨ pˠəː</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә ԛэ зъд̇ъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә съке с̇ъԛъә жъӏə зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо жъӏə зьбъсьт̇ъә Ӏъъәди съԛъы пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>qˠe</o> + <g>dog</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˠɖˠəː</o> + <g>3.fem.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠkʲe</o> + <g>daughter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqˠə</o> + <g>3.masc.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠbˠəqˠo</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʡˠədʲi</o> + <g>lion</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠqˠɨ</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә ԛэ зъд̇ъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә съке с̇ъԛъә жъӏə зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо жъӏə зьбъсьт̇ъә Ӏъъәди съԛъы пъәː. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə qˠe zˠɖˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə sˠkʲe ʂˠqˠə ʒˠʔə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo ʒˠʔə zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʡˠədʲi sˠqˠɨ pˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem qˠe dog zˠɖˠəː 3.fem.POSS zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem sˠkʲe daughter ʂˠqˠə 3.masc.POSS ʒˠʔə GEN zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʐˠbˠəqˠo hunter ʒˠʔə GEN zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʡˠədʲi lion sˠqˠɨ eat pˠəː PAST “The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.” | (18) |
The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.
Noun Phrases
Structure and Order
The internal structure of noun phrases in Do reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.
Possessive constructions are head-initial: the possessed noun precedes the possessor. For instance, Do expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “toy child”. This structure is typologically rarer and often co-occurs with verb-initial syntax or with grammatical marking on the noun.
initial XML:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>friend</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>book</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>friend</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>book</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module addgender:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc"> + <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc">
- <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module ngen:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - </np> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + </np> + </np> </example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> - </np> - </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot masc
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ ɨː" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠɨː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="ʂˠ+ʔ i" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠʔi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="ʕˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʕˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ ɨː" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠɨː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="ʂˠ+ʔ i" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠʔi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="ʕˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʕˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə" slots="Cis V2">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ ɨː">ʒˠɨː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="ʂˠ+ʔ i">ʂˠʔi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="ʕˠ i">ʕˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ ɨː">ʒˠɨː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS" ph="zˠ+ɖˠ əː">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" ph="ʂˠ+ʔ i">ʂˠʔi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS" ph="ʂˠ+qˠ ə">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2" ph="ʕˠ i">ʕˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS" ph="ʒʲ+ɖˠ əː">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʒˠ+ʔ ə">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" possessor="3.fem">ʒˠɨː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.fem.POSS">zˠɖˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="fem" possessor="3.masc">ʂˠʔi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.masc.POSS">ʂˠqˠə</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="masc" possessor="2">ʕˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="2.POSS">ʒʲɖˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ʒˠʔə</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠɨː</span><br><span class="gls">book</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˠɖˠəː</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠʔi</span><br><span class="gls">friend</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqˠə</span><br><span class="gls">3.masc.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕˠi</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɖˠəː</span><br><span class="gls">2.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠʔə</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʒˠɨː zˠɖˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʂˠʔi ʂˠqˠə ʒˠʔə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʕˠi ʒʲɖˠəː ʒˠʔə</p> + <p>зьбуːз̇ъә жъыː зъд̇ъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә с̇ъӏi с̇ъԛъә жъӏə зьбуːз̇ъә ғъы жьд̇ъәː жъӏə</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠɨː</o> + <g>book</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˠɖˠəː</o> + <g>3.fem.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠʔi</o> + <g>friend</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqˠə</o> + <g>3.masc.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕˠi</o> + <g>son</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɖˠəː</o> + <g>2.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠʔə</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
зьбуːз̇ъә жъыː зъд̇ъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә с̇ъӏi с̇ъԛъә жъӏə зьбуːз̇ъә ғъы жьд̇ъәː жъӏə [zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʒˠɨː zˠɖˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʂˠʔi ʂˠqˠə ʒˠʔə zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʕˠi ʒʲɖˠəː ʒˠʔə] zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʒˠɨː book zˠɖˠəː 3.fem.POSS zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʂˠʔi friend ʂˠqˠə 3.masc.POSS ʒˠʔə GEN zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʕˠi son ʒʲɖˠəː 2.POSS ʒˠʔə GEN “your son’s friend’s book” | (19) |
Case Marking
Do does not use case marking to distinguish the core participants of the clause. There is therefore no regular nominative, accusative, ergative, active or stative marking on subjects and objects. Instead, the roles of the participants are identified by other means, cf. the examples below.
initial XML:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<verb>sleep</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-state"> - <verb>sleep</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ+ɢˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠɢˠi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ+ɢˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠɢˠi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ+ɢˠ i">ʒˠɢˠi</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʒˠ+ɢˠ i">ʒˠɢˠi</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">ʒˠɢˠi</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠɢˠi</span><br><span class="gls">sleep</span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʒˠɢˠi</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё жъӷы</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠɢˠi</o> + <g>sleep</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё жъӷы. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʒˠɢˠi] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat ʒˠɢˠi sleep “The cat is sleeping.” | (20) |
initial XML:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont">
<verb>run</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont"> - <verb>run</verb> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+ <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲo</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ o">ʃʲo</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem" ph="ʃʲ o">ʃʲo</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.fem">ʃʲo</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃʲo</span><br><span class="gls">run</span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʃʲo</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё шё</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃʲo</o> + <g>run</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё шё. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʃʲo] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat ʃʲo run “The cat is running.” | (21) |
initial XML:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont">
<verb>chase</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont"> - <verb>chase</verb> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+ <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ə bʲ oː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠqˠəbʲoː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ə bʲ oː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠqˠəbʲoː</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ə bʲ oː">sˠqˠəbʲoː</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ə bʲ oː">sˠqˠəbʲoː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">sˠqˠəbʲoː</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕʲəqʲo</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠqˠəbʲoː</span><br><span class="gls">chase</span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo sˠqˠəbʲoː</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё съԛъәбёː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕʲəqʲo</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠqˠəbʲoː</o> + <g>chase</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё съԛъәбёː. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo sˠqˠəbʲoː] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʕʲəqʲo mouse zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat sˠqˠəbʲoː chase “The cat is chasing the mouse.” | (22) |
initial XML:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.fem">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕʲəqʲo</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʜʲu</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʜʲu pˠəː</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё хъю пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕʲəqʲo</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʜʲu</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё хъю пъәː. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʜʲu pˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʕʲəqʲo mouse zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat ʜʲu catch pˠəː PAST “The cat caught the mouse.” | (23) |
Conjunctions
Here is an example of a conjunction.
initial XML:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>tiger</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>tiger</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" number="plur"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" number="plur"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flattenconjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> - <s> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠæ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡˠ əː kˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɡˠəːkˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠæ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʡˠədʲi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲʔiː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠæ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡˠ əː kˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɡˠəːkˠɑ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ">ʂˠæ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡˠ əː kˠ ɑ">ɡˠəːkˠɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ" slots="Cir V1">ʂˠæ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʡˠədʲi</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ">ʂˠæ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i">ʡˠədʲi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː" slots="Cir V1">ʃʲʔiː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː">ʃʲʔiː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒʲ ə zʲ+ɖʲ oː">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ">ʂˠæ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡˠ əː kˠ ɑ">ɡˠəːkˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʂˠ æ">ʂˠæ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʡˠ ə dʲ i">ʡˠədʲi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+bˠ ə qˠ o">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="ʃʲ+ʔ iː">ʃʲʔiː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʂˠæ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">ɡˠəːkˠɑ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʂˠæ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʡˠədʲi</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">ʃʲʔiː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠæ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡˠəːkˠɑ</span><br><span class="gls">tiger</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠæ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʡˠədʲi</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠbˠəqˠo</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃʲʔiː</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː ʂˠæ zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɡˠəːkˠɑ ʂˠæ zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʡˠədʲi zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo ʃʲʔiː pˠəː</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә жьәзьд̇ёː с̇ъѣ зьбъсьт̇ъә ґъәːкъӓ с̇ъѣ зьбъсьт̇ъә Ӏъъәди зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо шьӏии пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː</o> + <g>jaguar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠæ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡˠəːkˠɑ</o> + <g>tiger</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠæ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʡˠədʲi</o> + <g>lion</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠbˠəqˠo</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃʲʔiː</o> + <g>kill</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә жьәзьд̇ёː с̇ъѣ зьбъсьт̇ъә ґъәːкъӓ с̇ъѣ зьбъсьт̇ъә Ӏъъәди зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ъбъәԛо шьӏии пъәː. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː ʂˠæ zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɡˠəːkˠɑ ʂˠæ zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʡˠədʲi zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐˠbˠəqˠo ʃʲʔiː pˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʒʲəzʲɖʲoː jaguar ʂˠæ and zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɡˠəːkˠɑ tiger ʂˠæ and zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʡˠədʲi lion zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʐˠbˠəqˠo hunter ʃʲʔiː kill pˠəː PAST “The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.” | (24) |
Modifiers and Determiners
The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Do provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.
Complex Sentences
Relative Clauses
Do forms relative clauses by placing the relative clause after the noun it modifies. The clause follows the internal word order of ordinary finite clauses. A dedicated relativising marker introduces the clause and identifies the relationship between the head noun and its role inside the relative clause.
To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:
initial XML:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> - </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jəːʃˠʈˠu</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jəːʃˠʈˠu</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat ʒˠbˠi 1excl jəːʃˠʈˠu pat pˠəː PAST “I patted the cat.” | (25) |
We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:
initial XML:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
- </vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ </vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np id="parent"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr=""> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> - <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </relp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo,</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after">ʕʲəqʲo</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jəːʃˠʈˠu</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʜʲu</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕʲəqʲo</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span></p> + <p>ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo, kʲɑ ʜʲu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo</p> + <p>жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё, кьӓ хъю пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jəːʃˠʈˠu</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲɑ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʜʲu</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕʲəqʲo</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё, кьӓ хъю пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё. [ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo, kʲɑ ʜʲu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo] ʒˠbˠi 1excl jəːʃˠʈˠu pat pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat kʲɑ RELPRON ʜʲu catch pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʕʲəqʲo mouse “I patted the cat that caught the mouse.” | (26) |
Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:
initial XML:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
- </vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ </vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np id="parent"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr=""> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np id="parent"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr=""> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> - <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </relp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </relp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">sˠqˠɨ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ">sˠqˠɨ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo,</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʕʲəqʲo,</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" obj="3.fem">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" comma="after">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jəːʃˠʈˠu</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʜʲu</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕʲəqʲo</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠqˠɨ</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖˠəːtʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cheese</span></span></p> + <p>ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo, kʲɑ ʜʲu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo, kʲɑ sˠqˠɨ pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɖˠəːtʲo</p> + <p>жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё, кьӓ хъю пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё, кьӓ съԛъы пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә д̇ъәːтё</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jəːʃˠʈˠu</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲɑ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʜʲu</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕʲəqʲo</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲɑ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠqˠɨ</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖˠəːtʲo</o> + <g>cheese</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё, кьӓ хъю пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё, кьӓ съԛъы пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә д̇ъәːтё. [ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo, kʲɑ ʜʲu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo, kʲɑ sˠqˠɨ pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɖˠəːtʲo] ʒˠbˠi 1excl jəːʃˠʈˠu pat pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat kʲɑ RELPRON ʜʲu catch pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʕʲəqʲo mouse kʲɑ RELPRON sˠqˠɨ eat pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɖˠəːtʲo cheese “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.” | (27) |
Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:
initial XML:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>buy</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>buy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np id="parent"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr=""> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np id="parent"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr=""> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np id="parent"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr=""> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+ <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem"> + <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem"> + <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> - <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" comma="after"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </relp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </relp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </relp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="kˠ i" slots="Cir V1">kˠi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ɽʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u" slots="Cir V1">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ʕʲəqʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ" slots="Cir V1">sˠqˠɨ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="kˠ i" slots="Cir V1">kˠi</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="kˠ i">kˠi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" ph="j əː ʃˠ+ʈˠ u">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɽʲ o">ɽʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="ʜʲ u">ʜʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʕʲ ə qʲ o">ʕʲəqʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem" ph="sˠ+qˠ ɨ">sˠqˠɨ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖˠ əː tʲ o">ɖˠəːtʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="kʲ ɑ">kʲɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl" ph="kˠ i">kˠi</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" comma="after" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl">jəːʃˠʈˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɽʲo,</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">ʜʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʕʲəqʲo,</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.fem">sˠqˠɨ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ɖˠəːtʲo,</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">kʲɑ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" subj="1excl">kˠi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" comma="after">ʒˠbˠi</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jəːʃˠʈˠu</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʜʲu</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʕʲəqʲo</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠqˠɨ</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖˠəːtʲo</span><br><span class="gls">cheese</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kˠi</span><br><span class="gls">buy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span></p> + <p>ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo, kʲɑ ʜʲu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo, kʲɑ sˠqˠɨ pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɖˠəːtʲo, kʲɑ kˠi pˠəː ʒˠbˠi</p> + <p>жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё, кьӓ хъю пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё, кьӓ съԛъы пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә д̇ъәːтё, кьӓ кы пъәː жъбы</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jəːʃˠʈˠu</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽʲo</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲɑ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʜʲu</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʕʲəqʲo</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲɑ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠqˠɨ</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖˠəːtʲo</o> + <g>cheese</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲɑ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kˠi</o> + <g>buy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жъбы јәәшът̇у пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә р̇ё, кьӓ хъю пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә ғъьәԛё, кьӓ съԛъы пъәː зьбъсьт̇ъә д̇ъәːтё, кьӓ кы пъәː жъбы. [ʒˠbˠi jəːʃˠʈˠu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɽʲo, kʲɑ ʜʲu pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʕʲəqʲo, kʲɑ sˠqˠɨ pˠəː zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ɖˠəːtʲo, kʲɑ kˠi pˠəː ʒˠbˠi] ʒˠbˠi 1excl jəːʃˠʈˠu pat pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɽʲo cat kʲɑ RELPRON ʜʲu catch pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʕʲəqʲo mouse kʲɑ RELPRON sˠqˠɨ eat pˠəː PAST zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ɖˠəːtʲo cheese kʲɑ RELPRON kˠi buy pˠəː PAST ʒˠbˠi 1excl “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.” | (28) |
Complementation Strategies
Do introduces complement clauses with a dedicated complementiser, similar to English that. The complementiser appears at the beginning of the embedded clause and signals that the clause functions as a syntactic argument. The embedded clause is fully finite and displays the same tense, aspect and agreement patterns as independent clauses.
The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:
initial XML:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>surprise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>give</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
<noun>teacher</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>surprise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>give</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </subs> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj"> - <noun>teacher</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> - </vp> - <np role="subj"> - <subs> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np role="subj"> + <subs> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - </subs> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> + </vp> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> + </subs> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="subj"> + <np role="subj" gender="neut" number="sing"> <subs> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="subj" gender="neut" number="sing"> + <np role="subj" gender="neut"> <subs> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="subj" gender="neut"> + <np role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+ʈʲ ə xʲ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠʈʲəxʲu</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠɖˠo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ i" slots="Cir V1">kʲi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut" ph="ɢʲ ə ʒʲ+qˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢʲəʒʲqˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ/
/uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+ʈʲ ə xʲ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠʈʲəxʲu</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+ʈʲ ə xʲ u">sˠʈʲəxʲu</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="h ə ʡʲ o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">həʡʲo</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠɖˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o">ʐˠɖˠo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o">ʐʲɢʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ i" slots="Cir V1">kʲi</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ i">kʲi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut" ph="ɢʲ ə ʒʲ+qˠ u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">ɢʲəʒʲqˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut" ph="ɢʲ ə ʒʲ+qˠ u">ɢʲəʒʲqˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+ʈʲ ə xʲ u">sˠʈʲəxʲu</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="h ə ʡʲ o">həʡʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o">ʐˠɖˠo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o">ʐʲɢʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ i">kʲi</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut" ph="ɢʲ ə ʒʲ+qˠ u">ɢʲəʒʲqˠu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">sˠʈʲəxʲu</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">həʡʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʐˠɖˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.fem" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">kʲi</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.neut">ɢʲəʒʲqˠu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠʈʲəxʲu</span><br><span class="gls">teacher</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həʡʲo</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠɖˠo</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɢʲo</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲi</span><br><span class="gls">give</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢʲəʒʲqˠu</span><br><span class="gls">surprise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>zʲbˠsʲʈˠə sˠʈʲəxʲu həʡʲo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐˠɖˠo zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐʲɢʲo kʲi pˠəː sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ ɢʲəʒʲqˠu pˠəː</p> + <p>зьбъсьт̇ъә сът̇ьәхю гəӀъё зьбъсьт̇ъә з̇ъд̇о зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ьӷё ки пъәː сътъәзьд̇ъӓ ӷьәжьԛу пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠʈʲəxʲu</o> + <g>teacher</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həʡʲo</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠɖˠo</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɢʲo</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲi</o> + <g>give</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢʲəʒʲqˠu</o> + <g>surprise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Зьбъсьт̇ъә сът̇ьәхю гəӀъё зьбъсьт̇ъә з̇ъд̇о зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ьӷё ки пъәː сътъәзьд̇ъӓ ӷьәжьԛу пъәː. [zʲbˠsʲʈˠə sˠʈʲəxʲu həʡʲo zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐˠɖˠo zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐʲɢʲo kʲi pˠəː sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ ɢʲəʒʲqˠu pˠəː] zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem sˠʈʲəxʲu teacher həʡʲo apple zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʐˠɖˠo girl zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʐʲɢʲo boy kʲi give pˠəː PAST sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ COMP ɢʲəʒʲqˠu surprise pˠəː PAST “It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.” | (29) |
Quotes
Do employs a quotative particle to mark direct and indirect speech. The quotative follows the reported phrase and identifies the preceding expression as quoted or reported. The same construction is also used to express reported thoughts.
Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:
initial XML:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>tell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<subs>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>tell</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <subs> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <subs> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" number="sing"> <subs> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut"> <subs> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="2" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <subs> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/> </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<subs>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<subs>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
- <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<subs>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> - <s> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> - <subs> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> + <flat> <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2"/> - </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u" slots="Cir V1">sˠtʲu</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠɖˠo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ æː" slots="Cir V1">kʲæː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/uː/ + /sʲ+ʈˠ/ > // + /sʲ+ʈˠ//uː/ + /ʐˠ/ > /uː/ + /ʐˠ/
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V1">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> + <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i" slots="Cir V1">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u" slots="Cir V1">sˠtʲu</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u">sˠtʲu</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐˠɖˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o">ʐˠɖˠo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː" slots="Cir V1">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə" slots="Cms V2">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o" slots="Cir V1">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o">ʐʲɢʲo</word> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ æː" slots="Cir V1">kʲæː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː" slots="Cis V2">pˠəː</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ æː">kʲæː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ+ʈˠ ɑ">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+bˠ i">ʒˠbˠi</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl" ph="sˠ+tʲ u">sˠtʲu</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2" ph="sˠ+tˠ ə zʲ+ɖˠ ɑ">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="sʲ+ʈˠ ə">sʲʈˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+ɖˠ o">ʐˠɖˠo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠuː</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="ʐˠ ə">ʐˠə</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+ɢʲ o">ʐʲɢʲo</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc" ph="kʲ æː">kʲæː</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="pˠ əː">pˠəː</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy> + <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʃˠʈˠɑ</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠbˠi</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2" subj="1excl">sˠtʲu</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="neut" possessor="no.owner" person="2">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner" underlying="zʲ+bˠ uː">zʲbˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">sʲʈˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" gender="fem" possessor="no.owner">ʐˠɖˠo</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">zʲbˠuː</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">ʐˠə</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="masc" possessor="no.owner">ʐʲɢʲo</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2" indobj="3.fem" subj="3.masc">kʲæː</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">pˠəː</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠʈˠɑ</span><br><span class="gls">2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˠi</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtʲu</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-sʲʈˠə</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠɖˠo</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲbˠuː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʐˠə</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɢʲo</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʲæː</span><br><span class="gls">tell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠəː</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ʃˠʈˠɑ ʒˠbˠi sˠtʲu sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐˠɖˠo zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐʲɢʲo kʲæː pˠəː</p> + <p>шът̇ъӓ жъбы сътю сътъәзьд̇ъӓ зьбъсьт̇ъә з̇ъд̇о зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ьӷё кьѣː пъәː</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʃˠʈˠɑ</o> + <g>2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˠi</o> + <g>1excl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtʲu</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-sʲʈˠə</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠɖˠo</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʲbˠuː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʐˠə</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɢʲo</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʲæː</o> + <g>tell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pˠəː</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Шът̇ъӓ жъбы сътю сътъәзьд̇ъӓ зьбъсьт̇ъә з̇ъд̇о зьбуːз̇ъә з̇ьӷё кьѣː пъәː. [ʃˠʈˠɑ ʒˠbˠi sˠtʲu sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ zʲbˠsʲʈˠə ʐˠɖˠo zʲbˠuːʐˠə ʐʲɢʲo kʲæː pˠəː] ʃˠʈˠɑ 2 ʒˠbˠi 1excl sˠtʲu love sˠtˠəzʲɖˠɑ COMP zʲbˠuː the -sʲʈˠə fem ʐˠɖˠo girl zʲbˠuː the -ʐˠə masc ʐʲɢʲo boy kʲæː tell pˠəː PAST “The boy told the girl that he loved her.” | (30) |
How to cite this grammar
Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Do. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 26 August 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/2L4DB
In BibTeX format:
@misc{LC-2L4DB,
year = 2026,
author = {{Language Creator}},
title = {A Grammar of {Do}},
howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/2L4DB}},
note = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 26 August 2026}
}
Supplementary Materials
A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Do / Do–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.
Readers are encouraged to share observations or corrections via the feedback form. The present page may be accessed directly at:
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