A Grammar of Chuch

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Chuch language (the 323rd one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Chuch.

Typological Profile

It has postpositions.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Chuch has a moderately large consonant inventory, with 32 phonemes.

It has a maximally contrastive voicing system, a notable dental–alveolar contrast across several manners, a substantial inventory of palatal or palatalised consonants, a notably rich set of sibilant contrasts and a notably rich liquid inventory.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Chuch. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

	labial	dental	alveolar	postalveolar	alveolo-palatal	lateral	palatal	velar	glottal
stop	p b		d t				c ɟ	k ɡ
nasal	m		n				ɲ	ŋ
trill/tap/flap			ɾ
fricative	f	ð θ	s z	ʃ ʒ				x ɣ	h
approximant	w					l	j
affricate			t͡s	d͡ʒ t͡ʃ	t͡ɕ

Vowels

Chuch has 12 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.

It has a partially contrastive system of vowel length, a maximally “square” vowel system balancing heights across backness, front rounded vowels (these are cross-linguistically relatively uncommon, but occur in a number of well-known languages, including French, German, Turkish and Mandarin), a fully three-way front–central–back distinction and a moderately reduced system of unstressed vowels.

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Chuch. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

	front unrounded	front rounded	central	back
close	i	y	ʉ	u
close-mid	e			o
mid		ø	ə
open		ɶ	a

Stress and Tones

Chuch has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

The language employs vowel harmony. To be specific, the following vowels change to match the first vowel of the root: /u/ becomes /y/, /o/ becomes /ø/, /ɑ/ becomes /ɶ/.

Writing System

Introduction

Chuch is normally written using the Latin alphabet, whose familiarity makes it straightforward for most readers. For clarity and precision, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also provided throughout this grammar.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

a /a/	b /b/	c /ai/	d /d/
e /ə/	f /f/	g /ɡ/	h /h/
i /i/	j /d͡ʒ/	k /k/	l /l/
m /m/	n /n/	o /o/	p /p/
q /ɟ/	r /ɾ/	s /s/	t /t/
u /u/	v /r/	w /w/	x /ɶ/
y /j/	z /z/	å /ð/	é /e/
ë /ʉː/	ñ /ɲ/	ö /ø/	ø /ʉ/
ü /y/	ğ /ɣ/	ħ /ɶː/	ơ /au/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

aa /aː/	ch /t͡ʃ/	ee /əː/
ii /iː/	kh /x/	ng /ŋ/
oo /oː/	sh /ʃ/	th /θ/
tj /c/	ty /t͡ɕ/	tz /t͡s/
uu /uː/	zh /ʒ/	éé /eː/
öö /øː/	üü /yː/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Chuch does not have grammatical number.

Gender

Chuch does not have genders or noun classes.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Chuch can be exemplified by the following example:

initial XML:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>woman</noun>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>knife</noun>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
      <adj>blind</adj>
      <num>three</num>
      <det>yon</det>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>woman</noun>
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>knife</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
-      <adj>blind</adj>
-      <num>three</num>
-      <det>yon</det>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module constorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
        </np>
-        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for yon/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
-        </np>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-      </pp>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">|z|ʉː|ˈ|ð|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">|ð|au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|ʉ|r|a|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">|t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|</word>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡ɕ|ɶ|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|x|i|</thingy>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|k|ʉː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">|n|-</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|i|</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |z|ʉː|ˈ|ð|
#-> ˈzʉːð
### |z|ʉː|ˈ|ð|
#-> ˈzʉːð
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |ð|au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> ˈðaut͡ʃ
### |ð|au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> ˈðaut͡ʃ
### -|ʉ|r|a|
#-> -ʉra
### -|ʉ|r|a|
#-> -ʉra
### |t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|
#-> tʉˈʒeː
### |t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|
#-> tʉˈʒeː
### |t͡ɕ|ɶ|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡ɕɶ
### |t͡ɕ|ɶ|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡ɕɶ
### -|x|i|
#-> -xi
### -|x|i|
#-> -xi
### |k|ʉː|ˈ|
#-> ˈkʉː
### |k|ʉː|ˈ|
#-> ˈkʉː
### |n|-
#-> n-
### |n|-
#-> n-
### |au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|i|
#-> ˈaut͡ʃi
### |au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|i|
#-> ˈaut͡ʃi
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |z|ʉː|ˈ|ð||i|j|a| |ð|au|ˈ|t͡ʃ||ʉ|r|a| |t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ| |t͡ɕ|ɶ|ˈ||x|i| |k|ʉː|ˈ| |n||au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|i| |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ||a|n|i| |θ|oː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> ˈzʉːðija ˈðaut͡ʃʉra tʉˈʒeː ˈt͡ɕɶxi ˈkʉː ˈnaut͡ʃi t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je

removetags:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">|z|ʉː|ˈ|ð|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">|ð|au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|ʉ|r|a|</thingy>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">|t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|</word>
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡ɕ|ɶ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|x|i|</thingy>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|k|ʉː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">|n|-</thingy>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|au|ˈ|t͡ʃ|i|</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈzʉːð&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;woman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈðaut͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʉra&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;LOC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tʉˈʒeː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕɶ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;yon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-xi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkʉː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;n-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaut͡ʃi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;blind&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈzʉːðija ˈðaut͡ʃʉra tʉˈʒeː ˈt͡ɕɶxi ˈkʉː ˈnaut͡ʃi t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je</p>
+  <p>zëåiya åơchøva tøzhéé tyxkhi kë nơchi tzachuğani thoodø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈzʉːð</o>
+      <g>woman</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈðaut͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>knife</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʉra</o>
+      <g>LOC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tʉˈʒeː</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕɶ</o>
+      <g>yon</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-xi</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkʉː</o>
+      <g>three</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>n-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaut͡ʃi</o>
+      <g>blind</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθoː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈzʉːðija ˈðaut͡ʃʉra tʉˈʒeː ˈt͡ɕɶxi ˈkʉː ˈnaut͡ʃi t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je
#-> ˈzʉːðija ˈðaut͡ʃʉra tʉˈʒeː ˈt͡ɕɶxi ˈkʉː ˈnaut͡ʃi t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je

Hide workings for example 1.

Zëåiya åơchøva tøzhéé tyxkhi kë nơchi tzachuğani thoodø yé.

[ˈzʉːðija ˈðaut͡ʃʉra tʉˈʒeː ˈt͡ɕɶxi ˈkʉː ˈnaut͡ʃi t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je]

ˈzʉːð
woman -ija
NOM ˈðaut͡ʃ
knife -ʉra
LOC tʉˈʒeː
COMIT ˈt͡ɕɶ
yon -xi
ACC ˈkʉː
three n-
ACC ˈaut͡ʃi
blind t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
mouse -ani
ACC ˈθoː
catch -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

(1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There are no clitics in the nominal phrase.

The Noun

The noun in Chuch consists of the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing case, comprising -iya /-ija/ ‘NOM’, -ani /-ani/ ‘ACC’, -unø /-unʉ/ ‘GEN’, -øsha /-ʉʃa/ ‘DAT’, -oñu /-oɲu/ ‘INS’, -odu /-odu/ ‘VOC’, -atzu /-at͡su/ ‘ALL’, -øva /-ʉra/ ‘LOC’, -añø /-aɲʉ/ ‘ABL’ and -itjo /-ico/ ‘PART’.

The noun displays the following derivational morphology: 20 suffixes, namely -up /-up/ ‘little’, -øzh /-ʉʒ/ ‘big’, -éw /-ew/ ‘old’, -ow /-ow/ ‘new’, -ob /-ob/ ‘good’, -ağ /-aɣ/ ‘bad’, -iji /-id͡ʒi/ ‘have’, -avu /-aru/ ‘use’, -iåø /-iðʉ/ ‘see’, -ofi /-ofi/ ‘make’, -ari /-aɾi/ ‘break’, -opa /-opa/ ‘eat’, -itha /-iθa/ ‘drink’, -iro /-iɾo/ ‘wear’, -ésø /-esʉ/ ‘own’, -adu /-adu/ ‘contain’, -égi /-eɡi/ ‘hold’, -una /-una/ ‘lack’, -akha /-axa/ ‘touch’ and -otja /-oca/ ‘carry’

The Adjective

In Chuch, the adjective has the following structure: an obligatory prefix expressing case, comprising l- /l-/ ‘NOM’, n- /n-/ ‘ACC’, v- /r-/ ‘GEN’, t- /t-/ ‘DAT’, f- /f-/ ‘INS’, ty- /t͡ɕ-/ ‘VOC’, w- /w-/ ‘ALL’, kh- /x-/ ‘LOC’, z- /z-/ ‘ABL’ and q- /ɟ-/ ‘PART’ followed by the root.

Numerals

The numeral in Chuch stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

In Chuch, the determiner has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing case, comprising -du /-du/ ‘NOM’, -khi /-xi/ ‘ACC’, -ka /-ka/ ‘GEN’, -khø /-xʉ/ ‘DAT’, -vé /-re/ ‘INS’, -tjo /-co/ ‘VOC’, -tju /-cu/ ‘ALL’, -tja /-ca/ ‘LOC’, -chu /-t͡ʃu/ ‘ABL’ and -va /-ra/ ‘PART’.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Chuch has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing number, comprising -lø /-lʉ/ ‘sing’ and -zø /-zʉ/ ‘plur’.

In Chuch, both subject and object pronouns are dropped unless they are stressed. Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |ɡ|y|ˈ||d|ʉ|
#-> ˈɡydʉ

removetags:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɡydʉ</p>
+  <p>güdø</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡy</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈɡydʉ
#-> ˈɡydʉ

Hide workings for example 2.

Güdø.

[ˈɡydʉ]

ˈɡy
love -dʉ
indicative

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

(2)

But here, the word corresponding to he is stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |h|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈhɶː
### |h|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈhɶː
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |h|ɶː|ˈ||l|ʉ| |ɡ|y|ˈ||d|ʉ|
#-> ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ

removetags:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈhɶː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ</p>
+  <p>hħlø güdø</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈhɶː</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡy</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ
#-> ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ

Hide workings for example 3.

Hħlø güdø.

[ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ]

ˈhɶː
3.sing -lʉ
sing ˈɡy
love -dʉ
indicative

“He loves her.”

(3)

And here, it is the one translated as her that is stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|h|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|h|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈhɶː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ</p>
+  <p>hħlø güdø</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈhɶː</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡy</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ
#-> ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ

Hide workings for example 4.

Hħlø güdø.

[ˈhɶːlʉ ˈɡydʉ]

ˈhɶː
3.sing -lʉ
sing ˈɡy
love -dʉ
indicative

“He loves her.”

(4)

Proper Nouns

initial XML:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>hate</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>NN1</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>NN2</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>hate</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>NN1</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>NN2</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
+<example id="loveprop" translation="Ladip hates Hoghokh.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Ladip" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" propernoun="yes">|l|a|d|i|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Hoghokh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" propernoun="yes">|h|o|ɣ|o|ˈ|x|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|s|u|n|ø|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Ladip hates Hoghokh.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="Ladip" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" propernoun="yes">|l|a|d|i|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="Hoghokh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" propernoun="yes">|h|o|ɣ|o|ˈ|x|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|s|u|n|ø|ˈ|</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|s|y|n|ø|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

### |l|a|d|i|ˈ|p|
#-> laˈdip
### |l|a|d|i|ˈ|p|
#-> laˈdip
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |h|o|ɣ|o|ˈ|x|
#-> hoˈɣox
### |h|o|ɣ|o|ˈ|x|
#-> hoˈɣox
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |s|y|n|ø|ˈ|
#-> syˈnø
### |s|y|n|ø|ˈ|
#-> syˈnø
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |l|a|d|i|ˈ|p||i|j|a| |h|o|ɣ|o|ˈ|x||a|n|i| |s|y|n|ø|ˈ||d|ʉ|
#-> laˈdipija hoˈɣoxani syˈnødʉ

removetags:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Ladip hates Hoghokh.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="Ladip" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" propernoun="yes">|l|a|d|i|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="Hoghokh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" propernoun="yes">|h|o|ɣ|o|ˈ|x|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|s|y|n|ø|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;laˈdip&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Ladip&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;hoˈɣox&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Hoghokh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;syˈnø&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>laˈdipija hoˈɣoxani syˈnødʉ</p>
+  <p>Ladipiya Hoğokhani sünödø</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>laˈdip</o>
+      <g>Ladip</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>hoˈɣox</o>
+      <g>Hoghokh</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>syˈnø</o>
+      <g>hate</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### laˈdipija hoˈɣoxani syˈnødʉ
#-> laˈdipija hoˈɣoxani syˈnødʉ

Hide workings for example 5.

Ladipiya Hoğokhani sünödø.

[laˈdipija hoˈɣoxani syˈnødʉ]

laˈdip
Ladip -ija
NOM hoˈɣox
Hoghokh -ani
ACC syˈnø
hate -dʉ
indicative

“Ladip hates Hoghokh.”

(5)

Possession

initial XML:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase: No change.

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
  </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|h|əː|ˈ|z|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |h|əː|ˈ|z|
#-> ˈhəːz
### |h|əː|ˈ|z|
#-> ˈhəːz
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |h|əː|ˈ|z||u|n|ʉ| |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ||i|j|a|
#-> ˈhəːzunʉ bʉˈwiɲija

removetags:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|h|əː|ˈ|z|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈhəːz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-unʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bʉˈwiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈhəːzunʉ bʉˈwiɲija</p>
+  <p>heezunø bøwiñiya</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈhəːz</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-unʉ</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bʉˈwiɲ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈhəːzunʉ bʉˈwiɲija
#-> ˈhəːzunʉ bʉˈwiɲija

Hide workings for example 6.

heezunø bøwiñiya

[ˈhəːzunʉ bʉˈwiɲija]

ˈhəːz
boy -unʉ
GEN bʉˈwiɲ
apple -ija
NOM

“the boy’s apple”

(6)

initial XML:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase: No change.

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
  </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|h|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |h|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈhɶː
### |h|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈhɶː
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |h|ɶː|ˈ||l|ʉ| |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ||i|j|a|
#-> ˈhɶːlʉ bʉˈwiɲija

removetags:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|h|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈhɶː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bʉˈwiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈhɶːlʉ bʉˈwiɲija</p>
+  <p>hħlø bøwiñiya</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈhɶː</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bʉˈwiɲ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈhɶːlʉ bʉˈwiɲija
#-> ˈhɶːlʉ bʉˈwiɲija

Hide workings for example 7.

hħlø bøwiñiya

[ˈhɶːlʉ bʉˈwiɲija]

ˈhɶː
3.sing -lʉ
sing bʉˈwiɲ
apple -ija
NOM

“his (the boy’s) apple”

(7)

initial XML:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
  </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |n|ə|ˈ||l|ʉ| |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ||i|j|a|
#-> ˈnəlʉ bʉˈwiɲija

removetags:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bʉˈwiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈnəlʉ bʉˈwiɲija</p>
+  <p>nelø bøwiñiya</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnə</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bʉˈwiɲ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈnəlʉ bʉˈwiɲija
#-> ˈnəlʉ bʉˈwiɲija

Hide workings for example 8.

nelø bøwiñiya

[ˈnəlʉ bʉˈwiɲija]

ˈnə
1excl.sing -lʉ
sing bʉˈwiɲ
apple -ija
NOM

“my apple”

(8)

initial XML:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kiss</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>hunter</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>daughter</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="neither">
            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>neighbour</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kiss</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>daughter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither">
-            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>neighbour</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|ɟ|ʉ|ɟ|a|ˈ|ɟ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">|m|i|ˈ|ŋ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ŋ|u|t͡ʃ|əː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### |t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|
#-> ˈt͡ɕeɡ
### |t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|
#-> ˈt͡ɕeɡ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈɲʉ
### |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈɲʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |ɟ|ʉ|ɟ|a|ˈ|ɟ|
#-> ɟʉˈɟaɟ
### |ɟ|ʉ|ɟ|a|ˈ|ɟ|
#-> ɟʉˈɟaɟ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### |m|i|ˈ|ŋ|
#-> ˈmiŋ
### |m|i|ˈ|ŋ|
#-> ˈmiŋ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |ŋ|u|t͡ʃ|əː|ˈ|
#-> ŋuˈt͡ʃəː
### |ŋ|u|t͡ʃ|əː|ˈ|
#-> ŋuˈt͡ʃəː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð||u|n|ʉ| |t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ||i|j|a| |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ||l|ʉ| |ɟ|ʉ|ɟ|a|ˈ|ɟ||u|n|ʉ| |m|i|ˈ|ŋ||a|n|i| |ŋ|u|t͡ʃ|əː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡija ˈɲʉlʉ ɟʉˈɟaɟunʉ ˈmiŋani ŋuˈt͡ʃəːdʉ je

removetags:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|ɟ|ʉ|ɟ|a|ˈ|ɟ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">|m|i|ˈ|ŋ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ŋ|u|t͡ʃ|əː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nuˈɟaið&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-unʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕeɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɟʉˈɟaɟ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;neighbour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-unʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmiŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋuˈt͡ʃəː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kiss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡija ˈɲʉlʉ ɟʉˈɟaɟunʉ ˈmiŋani ŋuˈt͡ʃəːdʉ je</p>
+  <p>nuqcåunø tyégiya ñølø qøqaqunø mingani ngucheedø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>nuˈɟaið</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-unʉ</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕeɡ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲʉ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɟʉˈɟaɟ</o>
+      <g>neighbour</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-unʉ</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmiŋ</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋuˈt͡ʃəː</o>
+      <g>kiss</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡija ˈɲʉlʉ ɟʉˈɟaɟunʉ ˈmiŋani ŋuˈt͡ʃəːdʉ je
#-> nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡija ˈɲʉlʉ ɟʉˈɟaɟunʉ ˈmiŋani ŋuˈt͡ʃəːdʉ je

Hide workings for example 9.

Nuqcåunø tyégiya ñølø qøqaqunø mingani ngucheedø yé.

[nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡija ˈɲʉlʉ ɟʉˈɟaɟunʉ ˈmiŋani ŋuˈt͡ʃəːdʉ je]

nuˈɟaið
hunter -unʉ
GEN ˈt͡ɕeɡ
daughter -ija
NOM ˈɲʉ
2.sing -lʉ
sing ɟʉˈɟaɟ
neighbour -unʉ
GEN ˈmiŋ
son -ani
ACC ŋuˈt͡ʃəː
kiss -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

(9)

Derivation

initial XML:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase: No change.

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ||i|j|a|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕija

removetags:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕija</p>
+  <p>qöjħtyiya</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕija
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕija

Hide workings for example 10.

qöjħtyiya

[ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕija]

ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
lamb -ija
NOM

“a lamb”

(10)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
    <adj>little</adj>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
-    <adj>little</adj>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
  </np>
</example>

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+    </word>
  </np>
</example>

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase: No change.

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
  </np>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    </word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ||y||||p||i|j|a|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija

removetags:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-yp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija</p>
+  <p>qöjħtyüpiya</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-yp</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija

Hide workings for example 11.

qöjħtyüpiya

[ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija]

ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
lamb -yp
little -ija
NOM

“a little lamb”

(11)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>have</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>lamb</noun>
      <adj>little</adj>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>have</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>lamb</noun>
-      <adj>little</adj>
+    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_verb_obj

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-      </word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||
#-> -id͡ʒi
### -|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||
#-> -id͡ʒi
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ||y||||p||i||||d͡ʒ||i||||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒidʉ je

removetags:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-yp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-id͡ʒi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒidʉ je</p>
+  <p>qöjħtyüpijidø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-yp</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-id͡ʒi</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒidʉ je
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒidʉ je

Hide workings for example 12.

Qöjħtyüpijidø yé.

[ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒidʉ je]

ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
lamb -yp
little -id͡ʒi
have -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“She had a little lamb.”

(12)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>want</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>have</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
          <noun>lamb</noun>
          <adj>little</adj>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>want</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>have</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-          <noun>lamb</noun>
-          <adj>little</adj>
+        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_verb_obj

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
            <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
          </word>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_verb_verb

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
-        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-      </word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|||s||e|||</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|||s||e|||</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||
#-> -id͡ʒi
### -|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||
#-> -id͡ʒi
### -|||s||e|||
#-> -se
### -|||s||e|||
#-> -se
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ||y||||p||i||||d͡ʒ||i||||||s||e||||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒisedʉ je

removetags:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="have&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="have&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|i||||d͡ʒ||i|||</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|||s||e|||</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-yp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-id͡ʒi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-se&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;want&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒisedʉ je</p>
+  <p>qöjħtyüpijisédø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-yp</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-id͡ʒi</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-se</o>
+      <g>want</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒisedʉ je
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒisedʉ je

Hide workings for example 13.

Qöjħtyüpijisédø yé.

[ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypid͡ʒisedʉ je]

ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
lamb -yp
little -id͡ʒi
have -se
want -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“She wanted to have a little lamb.”

(13)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>want</verb>
      <adv>often</adv>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>have</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
          <noun>lamb</noun>
          <adj>little</adj>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>want</verb>
-      <adv>often</adv>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>have</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
-          <noun>lamb</noun>
-          <adj>little</adj>
+        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
-        </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
-      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking: No change.

module markowner:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
      <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
        <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
          <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
          <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
        </word>
      </np>
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
        <subs>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
            <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
            <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          </vp>
        </subs>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
-      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-      </word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|w|i|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|d͡ʒ|i|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">|ɟ|o|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|u||||p|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|w|i|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|d͡ʒ|i|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|y||||p|
#-> -yp
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |w|i|ˈ|
#-> ˈwi
### |w|i|ˈ|
#-> ˈwi
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |t͡s|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡sʉ
### |t͡s|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡sʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |d͡ʒ|i|ˈ|
#-> ˈd͡ʒi
### |d͡ʒ|i|ˈ|
#-> ˈd͡ʒi
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ||y||||p||i|j|a| |w|i|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |t͡s|ʉ|ˈ||d|ʉ| |d͡ʒ|i|ˈ| |j|e|
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija ˈwidʉ je ˈt͡sʉdʉ ˈd͡ʒi je

removetags:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">-</thingy>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">|ɟ|ø|d͡ʒ|ɶː|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj">-|y||||p|</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|w|i|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|d͡ʒ|i|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-yp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈwi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;want&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈd͡ʒi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;often&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija ˈwidʉ je ˈt͡sʉdʉ ˈd͡ʒi je</p>
+  <p>qöjħtyüpiya widø yé tzødø ji yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-yp</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈwi</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sʉ</o>
+      <g>want</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈd͡ʒi</o>
+      <g>often</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija ˈwidʉ je ˈt͡sʉdʉ ˈd͡ʒi je
#-> ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija ˈwidʉ je ˈt͡sʉdʉ ˈd͡ʒi je

Hide workings for example 14.

Qöjħtyüpiya widø yé tzødø ji yé.

[ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕypija ˈwidʉ je ˈt͡sʉdʉ ˈd͡ʒi je]

ɟøˈd͡ʒɶːt͡ɕ
lamb -yp
little -ija
NOM ˈwi
have -dʉ
indicative je
PAST ˈt͡sʉ
want -dʉ
indicative ˈd͡ʒi
often je
PAST

“She often wanted to have a little lamb.”

(14)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

The verbal phrase clitics in Chuch fall into two categories, proclitics and enclitics: first, a clitic expressing question, comprising åo /ðo/ ‘Q’; second, a clitic expressing ta, comprising yé /je/ ‘PAST’; third, a clitic expressing voice, comprising tyo /t͡ɕo/ ‘passive’; fourth, a clitic expressing negation, comprising no /no/ ‘NEG’; and finally, fifth, a clitic expressing subj, comprising su /su/ ‘1incl.sing’, no /no/ ‘1excl.sing’, tu /tu/ ‘2.sing’, pu /pu/ ‘1incl.plur’, ru /ɾu/ ‘1excl.plur’, ya /ja/ ‘2.plur’ and mo /mo/ ‘3.plur’.

In addition, the verb is structured like this: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing mode, comprising -dø /-dʉ/ ‘indicative’, -va /-ra/ ‘imperative’, -ko /-ko/ ‘conditional’ and -jé /-d͡ʒe/ ‘optative’.

The verb displays the following derivational morphology: 12 suffixes, namely -mo /-mo/ ‘begin’, -ta /-ta/ ‘stop’, -zo /-zo/ ‘continue’, -shi /-ʃi/ ‘try’, -lo /-lo/ ‘start’, -sé /-se/ ‘want’, -go /-ɡo/ ‘can’, -tzø /-t͡sʉ/ ‘finish’, -nø /-nʉ/ ‘need’, -tu /-tu/ ‘decide’, -pa /-pa/ ‘fail’ and -zu /-zu/ ‘hope’

initial XML:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |ɡ|y|ˈ||d|ʉ| |n|o|
#-> ˈɡydʉ no

removetags:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɡydʉ no</p>
+  <p>güdø no</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡy</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>no</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈɡydʉ no
#-> ˈɡydʉ no

Hide workings for example 15.

Güdø no.

[ˈɡydʉ no]

ˈɡy
love -dʉ
indicative no
1excl.sing.SUBJ

“I love you.”

(15)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

initial XML:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>table</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>table</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking: No change.

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase: No change.

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
    </np>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
  </pp>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
-  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">|θ|y|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing">|t|øː|ˈ|ʒ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">|n|o|ˈ|</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |θ|y|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ˈθyt͡ɕ
### |θ|y|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ˈθyt͡ɕ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |t|øː|ˈ|ʒ|
#-> ˈtøːʒ
### |t|øː|ˈ|ʒ|
#-> ˈtøːʒ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |n|o|ˈ|
#-> ˈno
### |n|o|ˈ|
#-> ˈno
### |θ|y|ˈ|t͡ɕ||i|j|a| |t|øː|ˈ|ʒ||i|j|a| |n|o|ˈ|
#-> ˈθyt͡ɕija ˈtøːʒija ˈno

removetags:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">|θ|y|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing">|t|øː|ˈ|ʒ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">|n|o|ˈ|</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθyt͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;table&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtøːʒ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈno&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈθyt͡ɕija ˈtøːʒija ˈno</p>
+  <p>thütyiya töözhiya no</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθyt͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>table</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtøːʒ</o>
+      <g>surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈno</o>
+      <g>in</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈθyt͡ɕija ˈtøːʒija ˈno
#-> ˈθyt͡ɕija ˈtøːʒija ˈno

Hide workings for example 16.

thütyiya töözhiya no

[ˈθyt͡ɕija ˈtøːʒija ˈno]

ˈθyt͡ɕ
table -ija
NOM ˈtøːʒ
surface -ija
NOM ˈno
in

“on the table”

(16)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>box</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>box</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+    <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking: No change.

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT">
+    <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase: No change.

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
    </np>
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
  </pp>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
-  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">|ʒ|a|s|u|ˈ|ŋ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing">|c|aː|ˈ|t͡s|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">|t͡s|a|ˈ|</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |ʒ|a|s|u|ˈ|ŋ|
#-> ʒaˈsuŋ
### |ʒ|a|s|u|ˈ|ŋ|
#-> ʒaˈsuŋ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |c|aː|ˈ|t͡s|
#-> ˈcaːt͡s
### |c|aː|ˈ|t͡s|
#-> ˈcaːt͡s
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |t͡s|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡sa
### |t͡s|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡sa
### |ʒ|a|s|u|ˈ|ŋ||i|j|a| |c|aː|ˈ|t͡s||i|j|a| |t͡s|a|ˈ|
#-> ʒaˈsuŋija ˈcaːt͡sija ˈt͡sa

removetags:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">|ʒ|a|s|u|ˈ|ŋ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing">|c|aː|ˈ|t͡s|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">|t͡s|a|ˈ|</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʒaˈsuŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈcaːt͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;to&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ʒaˈsuŋija ˈcaːt͡sija ˈt͡sa</p>
+  <p>zhasungiya tjaatziya tza</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʒaˈsuŋ</o>
+      <g>box</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈcaːt͡s</o>
+      <g>inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sa</o>
+      <g>to</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ʒaˈsuŋija ˈcaːt͡sija ˈt͡sa
#-> ʒaˈsuŋija ˈcaːt͡sija ˈt͡sa

Hide workings for example 17.

zhasungiya tjaatziya tza

[ʒaˈsuŋija ˈcaːt͡sija ˈt͡sa]

ʒaˈsuŋ
box -ija
NOM ˈcaːt͡s
inside -ija
NOM ˈt͡sa
to

“into the box”

(17)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking: No change.

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
  </pp>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
    </np>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
  </pp>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing

addaffixes:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
-  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">|t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|
#-> tʉˈʒeː
### |t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|
#-> tʉˈʒeː
### |n|ə|ˈ||l|ʉ| |t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|
#-> ˈnəlʉ tʉˈʒeː

removetags:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">|t|ʉ|ʒ|eː|ˈ|</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tʉˈʒeː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈnəlʉ tʉˈʒeː</p>
+  <p>nelø tøzhéé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnə</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tʉˈʒeː</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈnəlʉ tʉˈʒeː
#-> ˈnəlʉ tʉˈʒeː

Hide workings for example 18.

nelø tøzhéé

[ˈnəlʉ tʉˈʒeː]

ˈnə
1excl.sing -lʉ
sing tʉˈʒeː
COMIT

“with me”

(18)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

Chuch has basic Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) word order. The subject precedes the object, and the verb appears at the end of the clause. This is one of the most frequent patterns cross-linguistically.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Chuch.

initial XML:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>jaguar</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>jaguar</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɣ|a|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> sʉˈxət͡ʃ
### |s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> sʉˈxət͡ʃ
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |ɣ|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈɣa
### |ɣ|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈɣa
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ||i|j|a| |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð||a|n|i| |ɣ|a|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> sʉˈxət͡ʃija nuˈɟaiðani ˈɣadʉ je

removetags:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|ɣ|a|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sʉˈxət͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nuˈɟaið&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɣa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sʉˈxət͡ʃija nuˈɟaiðani ˈɣadʉ je</p>
+  <p>søkhechiya nuqcåani ğadø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sʉˈxət͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nuˈɟaið</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɣa</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### sʉˈxət͡ʃija nuˈɟaiðani ˈɣadʉ je
#-> sʉˈxət͡ʃija nuˈɟaiðani ˈɣadʉ je

Hide workings for example 19.

Søkhechiya nuqcåani ğadø yé.

[sʉˈxət͡ʃija nuˈɟaiðani ˈɣadʉ je]

sʉˈxət͡ʃ
jaguar -ija
NOM nuˈɟaið
hunter -ani
ACC ˈɣa
kill -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

(19)

initial XML:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>eat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>lion</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>hunter</noun>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>daughter</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>dog</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>eat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>lion</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>daughter</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>dog</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">|d|eː|ˈ|w|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|n|a|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|
#-> hʉˈcuf
### |h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|
#-> hʉˈcuf
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### |t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|
#-> ˈt͡ɕeɡ
### |t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|
#-> ˈt͡ɕeɡ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### |d|eː|ˈ|w|
#-> ˈdeːw
### |d|eː|ˈ|w|
#-> ˈdeːw
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |n|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈna
### |n|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈna
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f||i|j|a| |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð||u|n|ʉ| |t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ||u|n|ʉ| |d|eː|ˈ|w||a|n|i| |n|a|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> hʉˈcufija nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡunʉ ˈdeːwani ˈnadʉ je

removetags:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|t͡ɕ|e|ˈ|ɡ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">|d|eː|ˈ|w|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|n|a|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;hʉˈcuf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nuˈɟaið&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-unʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕeɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-unʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdeːw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈna&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>hʉˈcufija nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡunʉ ˈdeːwani ˈnadʉ je</p>
+  <p>høtjufiya nuqcåunø tyégunø dééwani nadø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>hʉˈcuf</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nuˈɟaið</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-unʉ</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕeɡ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-unʉ</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdeːw</o>
+      <g>dog</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈna</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### hʉˈcufija nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡunʉ ˈdeːwani ˈnadʉ je
#-> hʉˈcufija nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡunʉ ˈdeːwani ˈnadʉ je

Hide workings for example 20.

Høtjufiya nuqcåunø tyégunø dééwani nadø yé.

[hʉˈcufija nuˈɟaiðunʉ ˈt͡ɕeɡunʉ ˈdeːwani ˈnadʉ je]

hʉˈcuf
lion -ija
NOM nuˈɟaið
hunter -unʉ
GEN ˈt͡ɕeɡ
daughter -unʉ
GEN ˈdeːw
dog -ani
ACC ˈna
eat -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

(20)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Chuch reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-final: the possessor precedes the possessed noun. For example, Chuch expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “child toy”. This ordering is found in many SOV and postpositional languages and aligns with a broader tendency towards modifier-first structures.

initial XML:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def">
        <noun>friend</noun>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>book</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def">
-        <noun>friend</noun>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>book</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly: No change.

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder: No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics: No change.

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
  </np>
-      </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
  </np>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|m|i|ˈ|ŋ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|s|o|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|j|a|ˈ|b|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈɲʉ
### |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈɲʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |m|i|ˈ|ŋ|
#-> ˈmiŋ
### |m|i|ˈ|ŋ|
#-> ˈmiŋ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### |s|o|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ˈsot͡ɕ
### |s|o|ˈ|t͡ɕ|
#-> ˈsot͡ɕ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### -|u|n|ʉ|
#-> -unʉ
### |j|a|ˈ|b|
#-> ˈjab
### |j|a|ˈ|b|
#-> ˈjab
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ||l|ʉ| |m|i|ˈ|ŋ||u|n|ʉ| |s|o|ˈ|t͡ɕ||u|n|ʉ| |j|a|ˈ|b||i|j|a|
#-> ˈɲʉlʉ ˈmiŋunʉ ˈsot͡ɕunʉ ˈjabija

removetags:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">|ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|m|i|ˈ|ŋ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">|s|o|ˈ|t͡ɕ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="GEN">-|u|n|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">|j|a|ˈ|b|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmiŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-unʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsot͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;friend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-unʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;book&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɲʉlʉ ˈmiŋunʉ ˈsot͡ɕunʉ ˈjabija</p>
+  <p>ñølø mingunø sotyunø yabiya</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲʉ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmiŋ</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-unʉ</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsot͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>friend</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-unʉ</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjab</o>
+      <g>book</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈɲʉlʉ ˈmiŋunʉ ˈsot͡ɕunʉ ˈjabija
#-> ˈɲʉlʉ ˈmiŋunʉ ˈsot͡ɕunʉ ˈjabija

Hide workings for example 21.

ñølø mingunø sotyunø yabiya

[ˈɲʉlʉ ˈmiŋunʉ ˈsot͡ɕunʉ ˈjabija]

ˈɲʉ
2.sing -lʉ
sing ˈmiŋ
son -unʉ
GEN ˈsot͡ɕ
friend -unʉ
GEN ˈjab
book -ija
NOM

“your son’s friend’s book”

(21)

Case Marking

Chuch uses nominative–accusative case marking. The subject of an intransitive verb and the subject of a transitive verb are treated alike and take the nominative case, while the object of a transitive verb is marked with the accusative case. This is the familiar pattern from many European languages: the grammar groups together the participants that function as subjects and marks the participant affected by a transitive action separately.

initial XML:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state">
      <verb>sleep</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state">
-      <verb>sleep</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">|m|iː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |m|iː|ˈ|
#-> ˈmiː
### |m|iː|ˈ|
#-> ˈmiː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |m|y|ˈ|p||i|j|a| |m|iː|ˈ||d|ʉ|
#-> ˈmypija ˈmiːdʉ

removetags:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">|m|iː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmiː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈmypija ˈmiːdʉ</p>
+  <p>müpiya miidø</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmiː</o>
+      <g>sleep</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈmypija ˈmiːdʉ
#-> ˈmypija ˈmiːdʉ

Hide workings for example 22.

Müpiya miidø.

[ˈmypija ˈmiːdʉ]

ˈmyp
cat -ija
NOM ˈmiː
sleep -dʉ
indicative

“The cat is sleeping.”

(22)

initial XML:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>run</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>run</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/mode/obligatory
calling defaultval for mode/
defaultval: verb, mode
returning indicative
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">|θ|ai|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |θ|ai|ˈ|
#-> ˈθai
### |θ|ai|ˈ|
#-> ˈθai
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |m|y|ˈ|p||i|j|a| |θ|ai|ˈ||d|ʉ|
#-> ˈmypija ˈθaidʉ

removetags:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">|θ|ai|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈmypija ˈθaidʉ</p>
+  <p>müpiya thcdø</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθai</o>
+      <g>run</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈmypija ˈθaidʉ
#-> ˈmypija ˈθaidʉ

Hide workings for example 23.

Müpiya thcdø.

[ˈmypija ˈθaidʉ]

ˈmyp
cat -ija
NOM ˈθai
run -dʉ
indicative

“The cat is running.”

(23)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>chase</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>chase</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/mode/obligatory
calling defaultval for mode/
defaultval: verb, mode
returning indicative
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|w|a|p|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |w|a|p|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> waˈpʉ
### |w|a|p|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> waˈpʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |m|y|ˈ|p||i|j|a| |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ||a|n|i| |w|a|p|ʉ|ˈ||d|ʉ|
#-> ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani waˈpʉdʉ

removetags:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|w|a|p|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;waˈpʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;chase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani waˈpʉdʉ</p>
+  <p>müpiya tzachuğani wapødø</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>waˈpʉ</o>
+      <g>chase</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani waˈpʉdʉ
#-> ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani waˈpʉdʉ

Hide workings for example 24.

Müpiya tzachuğani wapødø.

[ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani waˈpʉdʉ]

ˈmyp
cat -ija
NOM t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
mouse -ani
ACC waˈpʉ
chase -dʉ
indicative

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

(24)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |m|y|ˈ|p||i|j|a| |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ||a|n|i| |θ|oː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je

removetags:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je</p>
+  <p>müpiya tzachuğani thoodø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθoː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je
#-> ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je

Hide workings for example 25.

Müpiya tzachuğani thoodø yé.

[ˈmypija t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je]

ˈmyp
cat -ija
NOM t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
mouse -ani
ACC ˈθoː
catch -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“The cat caught the mouse.”

(25)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

initial XML:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>jaguar</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>tiger</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>lion</noun>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>jaguar</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>tiger</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>lion</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flattenconjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
-      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
-      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|x|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|t͡ɕ|o|r|eː|ˈ|t|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|x|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">|ɣ|a|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|
#-> nuˈɟaið
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> sʉˈxət͡ʃ
### |s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> sʉˈxət͡ʃ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |x|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈxɶː
### |x|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈxɶː
### |t͡ɕ|o|r|eː|ˈ|t|
#-> t͡ɕoˈreːt
### |t͡ɕ|o|r|eː|ˈ|t|
#-> t͡ɕoˈreːt
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |x|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈxɶː
### |x|ɶː|ˈ|
#-> ˈxɶː
### |h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|
#-> hʉˈcuf
### |h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|
#-> hʉˈcuf
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |ɣ|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈɣa
### |ɣ|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈɣa
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð||i|j|a| |s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ||a|n|i| |x|ɶː|ˈ| |t͡ɕ|o|r|eː|ˈ|t||a|n|i| |x|ɶː|ˈ| |h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f||a|n|i| |ɣ|a|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> nuˈɟaiðija sʉˈxət͡ʃani ˈxɶː t͡ɕoˈreːtani ˈxɶː hʉˈcufani ˈɣadʉ je

removetags:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|n|u|ɟ|ai|ˈ|ð|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|s|ʉ|x|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|x|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|t͡ɕ|o|r|eː|ˈ|t|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|x|ɶː|ˈ|</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|h|ʉ|c|u|ˈ|f|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">|ɣ|a|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nuˈɟaið&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sʉˈxət͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxɶː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕoˈreːt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxɶː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;hʉˈcuf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɣa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>nuˈɟaiðija sʉˈxət͡ʃani ˈxɶː t͡ɕoˈreːtani ˈxɶː hʉˈcufani ˈɣadʉ je</p>
+  <p>nuqcåiya søkhechani khħ tyovéétani khħ høtjufani ğadø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>nuˈɟaið</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sʉˈxət͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxɶː</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕoˈreːt</o>
+      <g>tiger</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxɶː</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>hʉˈcuf</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɣa</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### nuˈɟaiðija sʉˈxət͡ʃani ˈxɶː t͡ɕoˈreːtani ˈxɶː hʉˈcufani ˈɣadʉ je
#-> nuˈɟaiðija sʉˈxət͡ʃani ˈxɶː t͡ɕoˈreːtani ˈxɶː hʉˈcufani ˈɣadʉ je

Hide workings for example 26.

Nuqcåiya søkhechani khħ tyovéétani khħ høtjufani ğadø yé.

[nuˈɟaiðija sʉˈxət͡ʃani ˈxɶː t͡ɕoˈreːtani ˈxɶː hʉˈcufani ˈɣadʉ je]

nuˈɟaið
hunter -ija
NOM sʉˈxət͡ʃ
jaguar -ani
ACC ˈxɶː
and t͡ɕoˈreːt
tiger -ani
ACC ˈxɶː
and hʉˈcuf
lion -ani
ACC ˈɣa
kill -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

(26)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Chuch provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Chuch forms relative clauses by placing them before the noun they modify. The modifier takes the form of a finite clause that precedes the head noun without any relative pronoun. The clause shows ordinary clausal structure, with the role of the head noun recoverable from the syntactic position inside the clause.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

initial XML:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber: No change.

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |m|y|ˈ|p||a|n|i| |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |n|o|
#-> ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

removetags:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡soˈt͡sai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no</p>
+  <p>müpani tzotzcdø yé no</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡soˈt͡sai</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>no</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no
#-> ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

Hide workings for example 27.

Müpani tzotzcdø yé no.

[ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no]

ˈmyp
cat -ani
ACC t͡soˈt͡sai
pat -dʉ
indicative je
PAST no
1excl.sing.SUBJ

“I patted the cat.”

(27)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

initial XML:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
          <noun>mouse</noun>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-          <noun>mouse</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
-      </relp>
+      </subs>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <subs>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
    <subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+        <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <subs>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-      </np>
-      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      </vp>
-    </subs>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ||a|n|i| |θ|oː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |m|y|ˈ|p||a|n|i| |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |n|o|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

removetags:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡soˈt͡sai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no</p>
+  <p>tzachuğani thoodø yé müpani tzotzcdø yé no</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθoː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡soˈt͡sai</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>no</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

Hide workings for example 28.

Tzachuğani thoodø yé müpani tzotzcdø yé no.

[t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no]

t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
mouse -ani
ACC ˈθoː
catch -dʉ
indicative je
PAST ˈmyp
cat -ani
ACC t͡soˈt͡sai
pat -dʉ
indicative je
PAST no
1excl.sing.SUBJ

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

(28)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

initial XML:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
              <noun>cheese</noun>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-              <noun>cheese</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-        </np>
        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
-          </relp>
+          </subs>
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
-      </relp>
        </np>
+      </subs>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise: No change.

submodule transform_verb_obj

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+              </word>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-            </np>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj">
+        <np role="obj" case="ACC">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner: No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ACC">
+        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
                <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
              </word>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
    <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
            <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
            <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
          </word>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
-        </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <subs>
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-          <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+          <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
            <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
            <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
          </word>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <subs>
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
            <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
            <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
          </word>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+        <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
-  <s>
-    <subs>
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-          <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-          </word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-      </np>
-      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      </vp>
-    </subs>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
-    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
+    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|</word>
+    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|o||||p||a|||</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|
#-> jʉˈsas
### |j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|
#-> jʉˈsas
### -|o||||p||a|||
#-> -opa
### -|o||||p||a|||
#-> -opa
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s||o||||p||a||||d|ʉ| |j|e| |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ||a|n|i| |θ|oː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |m|y|ˈ|p||a|n|i| |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |n|o|
#-> jʉˈsasopadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

removetags:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">-</thingy>
    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|</word>
    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">-|o||||p||a|||</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jʉˈsas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-opa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡soˈt͡sai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>jʉˈsasopadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no</p>
+  <p>yøsasopadø yé tzachuğani thoodø yé müpani tzotzcdø yé no</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>jʉˈsas</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-opa</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθoː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡soˈt͡sai</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>no</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### jʉˈsasopadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no
#-> jʉˈsasopadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

Hide workings for example 29.

Yøsasopadø yé tzachuğani thoodø yé müpani tzotzcdø yé no.

[jʉˈsasopadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no]

jʉˈsas
cheese -opa
eat -dʉ
indicative je
PAST t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
mouse -ani
ACC ˈθoː
catch -dʉ
indicative je
PAST ˈmyp
cat -ani
ACC t͡soˈt͡sai
pat -dʉ
indicative je
PAST no
1excl.sing.SUBJ

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

(29)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

initial XML:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>buy</verb>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
                  <noun>cheese</noun>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>buy</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
-                  <noun>cheese</noun>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-        </np>
        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-            </np>
            <np role="obj">
-              <relp>
+              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+              </subs>
+              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
-              </relp>
            </np>
-          </relp>
+          </subs>
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
-      </relp>
        </np>
+      </subs>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np role="obj">
+              <np type="owner_owned">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+                </np>
+                <np role="owner" number="sing">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-                </np>
                  </subs>
+                </np>
+              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-            </vp>
            <np role="obj">
              <np type="owner_owned">
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj">
+        <np role="obj" case="ACC">
          <subs>
-            <np role="obj">
+            <np role="obj" case="ACC">
              <np type="owner_owned">
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC">
          <subs>
            <np role="obj" case="ACC">
              <np type="owner_owned">
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np role="owner" number="sing">
+                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ACC">
+        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
          <subs>
-            <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-              <np type="owner_owned">
+            <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
          <subs>
-            <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+            <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
          <subs>
            <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
          <subs>
            <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
              <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
                <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
                  <subs>
                    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+                      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+                      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                    </vp>
                  </subs>
                </np>
              </np>
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
    <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
-            <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
        <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
            <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
          </np>
          <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
            <subs>
              <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
                <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              </vp>
            </subs>
          </np>
        </np>
-              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
        </np>
-            </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
-        </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <subs>
      <subs>
-        <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
-        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <subs>
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <subs>
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+          <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
      </np>
      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
        <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+        <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
        <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
        <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
        <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      </vp>
    </subs>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
-  <s>
-    <subs>
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-            </vp>
-          </subs>
-        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-      </np>
-      <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-      </vp>
-    </subs>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|t͡ʃ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">|j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">|n|a|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |t͡ʃ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡ʃʉ
### |t͡ʃ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈt͡ʃʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|
#-> jʉˈsas
### |j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|
#-> jʉˈsas
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |n|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈna
### |n|a|ˈ|
#-> ˈna
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### |θ|oː|ˈ|
#-> ˈθoː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### |m|y|ˈ|p|
#-> ˈmyp
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|
#-> t͡soˈt͡sai
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |n|o|
#-> no
### |n|ə|ˈ||l|ʉ| |t͡ʃ|ʉ|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s||a|n|i| |n|a|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ||a|n|i| |θ|oː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |m|y|ˈ|p||a|n|i| |t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |n|o|
#-> ˈnəlʉ ˈt͡ʃʉdʉ je jʉˈsasani ˈnadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

removetags:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">|t͡ʃ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">|j|ʉ|s|a|ˈ|s|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">|n|a|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">|t͡s|a|t͡ʃ|u|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">|θ|oː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="1excl">|m|y|ˈ|p|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">|t͡s|o|t͡s|ai|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">|n|o|</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʃʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;buy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jʉˈsas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈna&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmyp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡soˈt͡sai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈnəlʉ ˈt͡ʃʉdʉ je jʉˈsasani ˈnadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no</p>
+  <p>nelø chødø yé yøsasani nadø yé tzachuğani thoodø yé müpani tzotzcdø yé no</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnə</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʃʉ</o>
+      <g>buy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jʉˈsas</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈna</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθoː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmyp</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡soˈt͡sai</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>no</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈnəlʉ ˈt͡ʃʉdʉ je jʉˈsasani ˈnadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no
#-> ˈnəlʉ ˈt͡ʃʉdʉ je jʉˈsasani ˈnadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no

Hide workings for example 30.

Nelø chødø yé yøsasani nadø yé tzachuğani thoodø yé müpani tzotzcdø yé no.

[ˈnəlʉ ˈt͡ʃʉdʉ je jʉˈsasani ˈnadʉ je t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣani ˈθoːdʉ je ˈmypani t͡soˈt͡saidʉ je no]

ˈnə
1excl.sing -lʉ
sing ˈt͡ʃʉ
buy -dʉ
indicative je
PAST jʉˈsas
cheese -ani
ACC ˈna
eat -dʉ
indicative je
PAST t͡saˈt͡ʃuɣ
mouse -ani
ACC ˈθoː
catch -dʉ
indicative je
PAST ˈmyp
cat -ani
ACC t͡soˈt͡sai
pat -dʉ
indicative je
PAST no
1excl.sing.SUBJ

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

(30)

Complementation Strategies

Chuch forms complement clauses by nominalising the embedded verb. The nominalised form lacks finite verbal categories and behaves as a noun phrase. Subjects of nominalised clauses occur in the genitive case, and the nominalised verb establishes the semantic content of the complement.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

initial XML:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>surprise</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>give</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
          <noun>boy</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
          <noun>apple</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
          <noun>girl</noun>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
      <noun>teacher</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>surprise</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>give</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
-          <noun>boy</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
-          <noun>apple</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
-          <noun>girl</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
-      <noun>teacher</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-        </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
-            </np>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
+            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+            </np>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
-            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
-            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns: No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
        <subs>
          <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          </np>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
            <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
            <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          </vp>
        </subs>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|əː|ˈ|z|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">|ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|ʉ|ʃ|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|x|aː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">|ʒ|o|ʃ|i|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|ʉ|ʃ|a|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">|h|i|c|oː|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |h|əː|ˈ|z|
#-> ˈhəːz
### |h|əː|ˈ|z|
#-> ˈhəːz
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> ˈɟət͡ʃ
### |ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> ˈɟət͡ʃ
### -|ʉ|ʃ|a|
#-> -ʉʃa
### -|ʉ|ʃ|a|
#-> -ʉʃa
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|
#-> bʉˈwiɲ
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### -|a|n|i|
#-> -ani
### |x|aː|ˈ|
#-> ˈxaː
### |x|aː|ˈ|
#-> ˈxaː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |ʒ|o|ʃ|i|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> ʒoˈʃiɣ
### |ʒ|o|ʃ|i|ˈ|ɣ|
#-> ʒoˈʃiɣ
### -|ʉ|ʃ|a|
#-> -ʉʃa
### -|ʉ|ʃ|a|
#-> -ʉʃa
### |h|i|c|oː|ˈ|
#-> hiˈcoː
### |h|i|c|oː|ˈ|
#-> hiˈcoː
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |h|əː|ˈ|z||i|j|a| |ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ||ʉ|ʃ|a| |b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ||a|n|i| |x|aː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e| |ʒ|o|ʃ|i|ˈ|ɣ||ʉ|ʃ|a| |h|i|c|oː|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa bʉˈwiɲani ˈxaːdʉ je ʒoˈʃiɣʉʃa hiˈcoːdʉ je

removetags:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|əː|ˈ|z|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">|ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|ʉ|ʃ|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|b|ʉ|w|i|ˈ|ɲ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|a|n|i|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">|x|aː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">|ʒ|o|ʃ|i|ˈ|ɣ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|ʉ|ʃ|a|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">|h|i|c|oː|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈhəːz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɟət͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʉʃa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bʉˈwiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxaː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;give&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʒoˈʃiɣ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʉʃa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;hiˈcoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surprise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa bʉˈwiɲani ˈxaːdʉ je ʒoˈʃiɣʉʃa hiˈcoːdʉ je</p>
+  <p>heeziya qechøsha bøwiñani khaadø yé zhoshiğøsha hitjoodø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈhəːz</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɟət͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʉʃa</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bʉˈwiɲ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ani</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxaː</o>
+      <g>give</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʒoˈʃiɣ</o>
+      <g>teacher</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʉʃa</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>hiˈcoː</o>
+      <g>surprise</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa bʉˈwiɲani ˈxaːdʉ je ʒoˈʃiɣʉʃa hiˈcoːdʉ je
#-> ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa bʉˈwiɲani ˈxaːdʉ je ʒoˈʃiɣʉʃa hiˈcoːdʉ je

Hide workings for example 31.

Heeziya qechøsha bøwiñani khaadø yé zhoshiğøsha hitjoodø yé.

[ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa bʉˈwiɲani ˈxaːdʉ je ʒoˈʃiɣʉʃa hiˈcoːdʉ je]

ˈhəːz
boy -ija
NOM ˈɟət͡ʃ
girl -ʉʃa
DAT bʉˈwiɲ
apple -ani
ACC ˈxaː
give -dʉ
indicative je
PAST ʒoˈʃiɣ
teacher -ʉʃa
DAT hiˈcoː
surprise -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

(31)

Quotes

Chuch expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

initial XML:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>tell</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="gnomic">
          <verb>love</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>tell</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="gnomic">
-          <verb>love</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles: No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic: No change.

module RelN: No change.

module sentenceconnectors: No change.

module nominalise:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+        </np>
+        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-        </np>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity: No change.

module adpositions: No change.

module constorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-            </vp>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing">
          <subs>
-            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber: No change.

createpronouns: No change.

module ngen: No change.

module wordorder: No change.

module conjp: No change.

flattenconjp: No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
-        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
          <subs>
-            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop: No change.

addclitics:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
          <subs>
            <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
              <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
            </vp>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase: No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" person="1excl">
      <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
        <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      </np>
      <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
        <subs>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
          <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
            <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
            <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
            <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
            <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          </vp>
        </subs>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" person="1excl">
-      <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative

addaffixes:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|əː|ˈ|z|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">|ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|ʉ|ʃ|a|</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">|l|ø|ˈ|</word>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony: No change.

### |h|əː|ˈ|z|
#-> ˈhəːz
### |h|əː|ˈ|z|
#-> ˈhəːz
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### -|i|j|a|
#-> -ija
### |ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> ˈɟət͡ʃ
### |ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|
#-> ˈɟət͡ʃ
### -|ʉ|ʃ|a|
#-> -ʉʃa
### -|ʉ|ʃ|a|
#-> -ʉʃa
### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### |n|ə|ˈ|
#-> ˈnə
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈɲʉ
### |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|
#-> ˈɲʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### -|l|ʉ|
#-> -lʉ
### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### |ɡ|y|ˈ|
#-> ˈɡy
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |l|ø|ˈ|
#-> ˈlø
### |l|ø|ˈ|
#-> ˈlø
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### -|d|ʉ|
#-> -dʉ
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |j|e|
#-> je
### |h|əː|ˈ|z||i|j|a| |ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ||ʉ|ʃ|a| |n|ə|ˈ||l|ʉ| |ɲ|ʉ|ˈ||l|ʉ| |ɡ|y|ˈ||d|ʉ| |l|ø|ˈ||d|ʉ| |j|e|
#-> ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa ˈnəlʉ ˈɲʉlʉ ˈɡydʉ ˈlødʉ je

removetags:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">|h|əː|ˈ|z|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|i|j|a|</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">|ɟ|ə|ˈ|t͡ʃ|</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|ʉ|ʃ|a|</thingy>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" case="ACC">|n|ə|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">|ɲ|ʉ|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">-|l|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">|ɡ|y|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q">-</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">|l|ø|ˈ|</word>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|d|ʉ|</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">|j|e|</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS">-</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">-</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈhəːz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɟət͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ʉʃa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-lʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈlø&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-dʉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;indicative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa ˈnəlʉ ˈɲʉlʉ ˈɡydʉ ˈlødʉ je</p>
+  <p>heeziya qechøsha nelø ñølø güdø lödø yé</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈhəːz</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ija</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɟət͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ʉʃa</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnə</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲʉ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-lʉ</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡy</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈlø</o>
+      <g>tell</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-dʉ</o>
+      <g>indicative</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

### ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa ˈnəlʉ ˈɲʉlʉ ˈɡydʉ ˈlødʉ je
#-> ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa ˈnəlʉ ˈɲʉlʉ ˈɡydʉ ˈlødʉ je

Hide workings for example 32.

Heeziya qechøsha nelø ñølø güdø lödø yé.

[ˈhəːzija ˈɟət͡ʃʉʃa ˈnəlʉ ˈɲʉlʉ ˈɡydʉ ˈlødʉ je]

ˈhəːz
boy -ija
NOM ˈɟət͡ʃ
girl -ʉʃa
DAT ˈnə
1excl.sing -lʉ
sing ˈɲʉ
2.sing -lʉ
sing ˈɡy
love -dʉ
indicative ˈlø
tell -dʉ
indicative je
PAST

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

(32)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Chuch. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.91, on 15 June 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/4D4L8

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-4D4L8,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Chuch}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/4D4L8}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.91, on 15 June 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

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