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A Grammar of Maush

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Maush language (the 1801st one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Maush.

Typological Profile

It has the VSO basic order, common globally but unusual in many families and postpositions.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Maush has 23 consonant phonemes, a size that falls within a broadly average range.

It has a conspicuous absence of approximants, a modest set of implosive stops and a system with marginal but genuine retroflex contrasts.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Maush. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

labialalveolarpostalveolarpalatalretroflexvelarglottal
stopp b d t ɖ ʈ k ɡ
nasalm n ɲ ɳ ŋ
trill/tap/flapɽ
fricativef s ʃ ʂ h
affricatet͡ʃ
implosiveɓ ɗ

Vowels

Maush has 7 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.

It has has a completely boring and uninteresting vowel system.

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Maush. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

frontcentralback
closei u
mide o
opena

Stress and Tones

Maush has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

Vowel harmony does not exist in this language.

Writing System

Introduction

Maush is normally written using the Cyrillic alphabet, a script with a long and varied history across Eastern Europe and northern Asia. In this grammar, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also used to give an unambiguous representation of sound.

The conventions adopted here follow standard Cyrillic practice for the language where that exists; where they do not, the IPA transcription should be taken as authoritative.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

а /a/б /b/б̱ /ɓ/г /h/
д /d/д̇ /ɖ/д̱ /ɗ/е /e/
и /i/к /k/м /m/н /n/
н̇ /ɳ/о /o/п /p/р̇ /ɽ/
с /s/с̇ /ʂ/т /t/т̇ /ʈ/
у /u/ф /f/ч /t͡ʃ/ш /ʃ/
њ /ɲ/ґ /ɡ/ӈ /ŋ/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

ай /ai/аў /au/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Maush does not have grammatical number.

Gender

Maush does not have genders or noun classes.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Maush can be exemplified by the following example:

Р̇ат фед̱ут бод̇ис баф њотис баф н̇иниб̱ сак ниб фасаўґун дис т̇енис баф.

[ɽat ˈfeɗut ˈboɖis ˈbaf ˈɲotis ˈbaf ɳiˈniɓ sak ˈnib faˈsauɡun ˈdis ˈʈenis ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ˈfeɗ
catch -ut
indicative ˈboɖ
woman -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ˈɲot
knife -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ɳiˈniɓ
COMIT sak
3.sing.POSS ˈnib
three faˈsauɡ
mouse -u
plur -n
ACC ˈdis
yon ˈʈen
blind -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

 (1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There is one type of clitic in the nominal phrase, namely a proclitic (placed initially), expressing possessor. a clitic expressing possessor, comprising н̇ус̇ /ɳuʂ/ ‘1incl.sing’, т̇ињ /ʈiɲ/ ‘1excl.sing’, нос /nos/ ‘2.sing’, сак /sak/ ‘3.sing’, кос̇ /koʂ/ ‘1incl.plur’, б̱ан̇ /ɓaɳ/ ‘1excl.plur’, ґач /ɡat͡ʃ/ ‘2.plur’ and поб̱ /poɓ/ ‘3.plur’.

The morphology of the elements of the nominal phrase, i.e., nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns, is described below, as is the way that possession is expressed in Maush.

The Noun

The noun in Maush consists of first, the root; second, an obligatory suffix expressing number, comprising -и /-i/ ‘sing’ and -у /-u/ ‘plur’; and finally, third, an obligatory suffix expressing case, comprising -с /-s/ ‘NOM’, -н /-n/ ‘ACC’, -д /-d/ ‘DAT’, -м /-m/ ‘INS’, -ӈ /-ŋ/ ‘VOC’, -т /-t/ ‘ALL’, -ф /-f/ ‘LOC’, -ч /-t͡ʃ/ ‘ABL’ and -б /-b/ ‘PART’.

The noun displays the following derivational morphology: 11 suffixes, namely -ен̇ /-eɳ/ ‘little’, -ос̇ /-oʂ/ ‘big’, -ед̱ /-eɗ/ ‘old’, -ањ /-aɲ/ ‘new’, -еш /-eʃ/ ‘good’, -ам /-am/ ‘bad’, -иґ /-iɡ/ ‘have’, -оф /-of/ ‘use’, -иш /-iʃ/ ‘see’, -ин̇ /-iɳ/ ‘make’ and -ит̇ /-iʈ/ ‘break’

The Adjective

In Maush, the adjective has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing number, comprising -ип /-ip/ ‘sing’ and -им /-im/ ‘plur’.

Numerals

The numeral in Maush stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

The determiner in Maush stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Maush stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Maush always includes the personal pronouns, even if they are not stressed. This is similar to English, where the only way to distinguish "he loves her" from "he loves her" and "he loves her" is the stress. So the following corresponds exactly to English in this regard:

Р̇имут мат̇ мат̇.

[ˈɽimut ˈmaʈ ˈmaʈ]

ˈɽim
love -ut
indicative ˈmaʈ
3.sing ˈmaʈ
3.sing

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

 (2)

Proper Nouns

Т̇ас̇ер̇ут С̇ушайн̇ис баф Гамайт̇ин баф.

[ʈaˈʂeɽut ʂuˈʃaiɳis ˈbaf haˈmaiʈin ˈbaf]

ʈaˈʂeɽ
hate -ut
indicative ʂuˈʃaiɳ
Shushain -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the haˈmaiʈ
Hamait -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the

“Shushain hates Hamait.”

 (3)

Possession

сак кафаўкис баф д̇аўр̇ис баф

[sak kaˈfaukis ˈbaf ˈɖauɽis ˈbaf]

sak
3.sing.POSS kaˈfauk
apple -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ˈɖauɽ
boy -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“the boy’s apple”

 (4)
сак кафаўкис баф мат̇

[sak kaˈfaukis ˈbaf ˈmaʈ]

sak
3.sing.POSS kaˈfauk
apple -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ˈmaʈ
3.sing

“his (the boy’s) apple”

 (5)
т̇ињ кафаўкис баф

[ʈiɲ kaˈfaukis ˈbaf]

ʈiɲ
1excl.sing.POSS kaˈfauk
apple -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“my apple”

 (6)
Р̇ат тод̱ист̇ут сак тупис баф манас̇ис баф сак р̇од̱ин баф нос бишидис баф.

[ɽat toˈɗisʈut sak ˈtupis ˈbaf maˈnaʂis ˈbaf sak ˈɽoɗin ˈbaf nos biˈʃidis ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST toˈɗisʈ
kiss -ut
indicative sak
3.sing.POSS ˈtup
daughter -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the maˈnaʂ
hunter -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the sak
3.sing.POSS ˈɽoɗ
son -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the nos
2.sing.POSS biˈʃid
neighbour -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

 (7)

Derivation

д̱оґефис

[ɗoˈɡefis]

ɗoˈɡef
lamb -i
sing -s
NOM

“a lamb”

 (8)
д̱оґефен̇ис

[ɗoˈɡefeɳis]

ɗoˈɡef
lamb -eɳ
little -i
sing -s
NOM

“a little lamb”

 (9)
Р̇ат д̱оґефен̇иґут мат̇.

[ɽat ɗoˈɡefeɳiɡut ˈmaʈ]

ɽat
PAST ɗoˈɡef
lamb -eɳ
little -iɡ
have -ut
indicative ˈmaʈ
3.sing

“She had a little lamb.”

 (10)

This doesn’t affect all adjectives and verbs. Compare, for instance the previous example with this one, where black and love do not undergo affixation:

Р̇ат р̇имут мат̇ сак д̱оґефин с̇ошис баф.

[ɽat ˈɽimut ˈmaʈ sak ɗoˈɡefin ˈʂoʃis ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ˈɽim
love -ut
indicative ˈmaʈ
3.sing sak
3.sing.POSS ɗoˈɡef
lamb -i
sing -n
ACC ˈʂoʃ
black -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“She loved a black lamb.”

 (11)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

The verbal phrase clitics in Maush fall into two categories, proclitics and enclitics: first, a clitic expressing question, comprising дон̇ /doɳ/ ‘Q’; second, a clitic expressing ta, comprising р̇ат /ɽat/ ‘PAST’; third, a clitic expressing voice, comprising бар̇ /baɽ/ ‘passive’; and finally, fourth, a clitic expressing negation, comprising т̇ин /ʈin/ ‘NEG’.

In addition, the verb is structured like this: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing mode, comprising -ут /-ut/ ‘indicative’, -уч /-ut͡ʃ/ ‘imperative’, -ињ /-iɲ/ ‘conditional’ and -аб /-ab/ ‘optative’.

The verb displays the following derivational morphology: five suffixes, namely -ас /-as/ ‘begin’, -ош /-oʃ/ ‘stop’, -ер̇ /-eɽ/ ‘continue’, -иӈ /-iŋ/ ‘try’ and -ет̇ /-eʈ/ ‘start’

Р̇имут д̇айч н̇аўт.

[ˈɽimut ˈɖait͡ʃ ˈɳaut]

ˈɽim
love -ut
indicative ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing ˈɳaut
2.sing

“I love you.”

 (12)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

чар̇ис баф пач

[ˈt͡ʃaɽis ˈbaf ˈpat͡ʃ]

ˈt͡ʃaɽ
table -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ˈpat͡ʃ
in_surface

“on the table”

 (13)
д̇еґокис баф фен

[ɖeˈɡokis ˈbaf ˈfen]

ɖeˈɡok
box -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ˈfen
to_inside

“into the box”

 (14)
д̇айч н̇иниб̱

[ˈɖait͡ʃ ɳiˈniɓ]

ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing ɳiˈniɓ
COMIT

“with me”

 (15)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

The basic constituent order of Maush is Verb–Subject–Object (VSO). Clauses begin with the verb, followed by the subject, with the object in final position. This pattern is attested among various verb-initial languages.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Maush.

Р̇ат дефут њод̇иб̱ис баф манас̇ин баф.

[ɽat ˈdefut ɲoˈɖiɓis ˈbaf maˈnaʂin ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ˈdef
kill -ut
indicative ɲoˈɖiɓ
jaguar -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the maˈnaʂ
hunter -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

 (16)
Р̇ат р̇ин̇ут ӈир̇акис баф сак матин баф сак тупис баф манас̇ис баф.

[ɽat ˈɽiɳut ŋiˈɽakis ˈbaf sak ˈmatin ˈbaf sak ˈtupis ˈbaf maˈnaʂis ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ˈɽiɳ
eat -ut
indicative ŋiˈɽak
lion -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the sak
3.sing.POSS ˈmat
dog -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the sak
3.sing.POSS ˈtup
daughter -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the maˈnaʂ
hunter -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

 (17)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Maush reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-initial: the possessed noun precedes the possessor. For instance, Maush expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “toy child”. This structure is typologically rarer and often co-occurs with verb-initial syntax or with grammatical marking on the noun.

сак с̇игогис баф сак чосис баф нос р̇од̱ис баф

[sak ʂihohis ˈbaf sak ˈt͡ʃosis ˈbaf nos ˈɽoɗis ˈbaf]

sak
3.sing.POSS ʂihoh
book -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the sak
3.sing.POSS ˈt͡ʃos
friend -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the nos
2.sing.POSS ˈɽoɗ
son -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“your son’s friend’s book”

 (18)

Case Marking

Maush uses nominative–accusative case marking. The subject of an intransitive verb and the subject of a transitive verb are treated alike and take the nominative case, while the object of a transitive verb is marked with the accusative case. This is the familiar pattern from many European languages: the grammar groups together the participants that function as subjects and marks the participant affected by a transitive action separately.

Шомут њудис баф.

[ˈʃomut ˈɲudis ˈbaf]

ˈʃom
sleep -ut
indicative ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“The cat is sleeping.”

 (19)
Н̇айшут њудис баф.

[ˈɳaiʃut ˈɲudis ˈbaf]

ˈɳaiʃ
run -ut
indicative ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the

“The cat is running.”

 (20)
Бемеб̱ут њудис баф фасаўґин баф.

[beˈmeɓut ˈɲudis ˈbaf faˈsauɡin ˈbaf]

beˈmeɓ
chase -ut
indicative ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the faˈsauɡ
mouse -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

 (21)
Р̇ат фед̱ут њудис баф фасаўґин баф.

[ɽat ˈfeɗut ˈɲudis ˈbaf faˈsauɡin ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ˈfeɗ
catch -ut
indicative ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the faˈsauɡ
mouse -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the

“The cat caught the mouse.”

 (22)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

Р̇ат дефут манас̇ис баф њод̇иб̱ун баф соӈ т̇идит̇ун баф соӈ ӈир̇акун баф.

[ɽat ˈdefut maˈnaʂis ˈbaf ɲoˈɖiɓun ˈbaf ˈsoŋ ʈiˈdiʈun ˈbaf ˈsoŋ ŋiˈɽakun ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ˈdef
kill -ut
indicative maˈnaʂ
hunter -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ɲoˈɖiɓ
jaguar -u
plur -n
ACC ˈbaf
the ˈsoŋ
and ʈiˈdiʈ
tiger -u
plur -n
ACC ˈbaf
the ˈsoŋ
and ŋiˈɽak
lion -u
plur -n
ACC ˈbaf
the

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

 (23)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Maush provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Maush forms relative clauses by using a head-internal strategy. The head noun appears inside the clause itself, occupying its regular syntactic position. The entire clause functions as a modifier, and its external syntactic behaviour is identical to that of a noun-modifying phrase.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

Р̇ат р̇иб̱ашут д̇айч њудин баф.

[ɽat ɽiˈɓaʃut ˈɖait͡ʃ ˈɲudin ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ɽiˈɓaʃ
pat -ut
indicative ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the

“I patted the cat.”

 (24)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

Р̇ат р̇иб̱ашут д̇айч р̇ат фед̱ут њудис баф фасаўґин баф нир̇ош.

[ɽat ɽiˈɓaʃut ˈɖait͡ʃ ɽat ˈfeɗut ˈɲudis ˈbaf faˈsauɡin ˈbaf niˈɽoʃ]

ɽat
PAST ɽiˈɓaʃ
pat -ut
indicative ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing ɽat
PAST ˈfeɗ
catch -ut
indicative ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the faˈsauɡ
mouse -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the niˈɽoʃ
COMP

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

 (25)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

Р̇ат р̇иб̱ашут д̇айч р̇ат фед̱ут њудис баф р̇ат р̇ин̇ут фасаўґис баф фемос̇ин баф нир̇ош нир̇ош.

[ɽat ɽiˈɓaʃut ˈɖait͡ʃ ɽat ˈfeɗut ˈɲudis ˈbaf ɽat ˈɽiɳut faˈsauɡis ˈbaf feˈmoʂin ˈbaf niˈɽoʃ niˈɽoʃ]

ɽat
PAST ɽiˈɓaʃ
pat -ut
indicative ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing ɽat
PAST ˈfeɗ
catch -ut
indicative ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ɽat
PAST ˈɽiɳ
eat -ut
indicative faˈsauɡ
mouse -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the feˈmoʂ
cheese -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the niˈɽoʃ
COMP niˈɽoʃ
COMP

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

 (26)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

Р̇ат р̇иб̱ашут д̇айч р̇ат фед̱ут њудис баф р̇ат р̇ин̇ут фасаўґис баф р̇ат дид̱ут д̇айч фемос̇ин баф нир̇ош нир̇ош нир̇ош.

[ɽat ɽiˈɓaʃut ˈɖait͡ʃ ɽat ˈfeɗut ˈɲudis ˈbaf ɽat ˈɽiɳut faˈsauɡis ˈbaf ɽat ˈdiɗut ˈɖait͡ʃ feˈmoʂin ˈbaf niˈɽoʃ niˈɽoʃ niˈɽoʃ]

ɽat
PAST ɽiˈɓaʃ
pat -ut
indicative ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing ɽat
PAST ˈfeɗ
catch -ut
indicative ˈɲud
cat -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ɽat
PAST ˈɽiɳ
eat -ut
indicative faˈsauɡ
mouse -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ɽat
PAST ˈdiɗ
buy -ut
indicative ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing feˈmoʂ
cheese -i
sing -n
ACC ˈbaf
the niˈɽoʃ
COMP niˈɽoʃ
COMP niˈɽoʃ
COMP

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

 (27)

Complementation Strategies

Maush introduces complement clauses with a dedicated complementiser, similar to English that. The complementiser appears at the beginning of the embedded clause and signals that the clause functions as a syntactic argument. The embedded clause is fully finite and displays the same tense, aspect and agreement patterns as independent clauses.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

Р̇ат чит̇ибут р̇ат даўчут д̇аўр̇ис баф кафаўкин деӈид баф нир̇ош сес̇аӈид баф.

[ɽat t͡ʃiˈʈibut ɽat ˈdaut͡ʃut ˈɖauɽis ˈbaf kaˈfaukin ˈdeŋid ˈbaf niˈɽoʃ seʂaŋid ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST t͡ʃiˈʈib
surprise -ut
indicative ɽat
PAST ˈdaut͡ʃ
give -ut
indicative ˈɖauɽ
boy -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the kaˈfauk
apple -i
sing -n
ACC ˈdeŋ
girl -i
sing -d
DAT ˈbaf
the niˈɽoʃ
COMP seʂaŋ
teacher -i
sing -d
DAT ˈbaf
the

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

 (28)

Quotes

Maush expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

Р̇ат гачут д̇аўр̇ис баф р̇имут д̇айч н̇аўт нир̇ош деӈид баф.

[ɽat ˈhat͡ʃut ˈɖauɽis ˈbaf ˈɽimut ˈɖait͡ʃ ˈɳaut niˈɽoʃ ˈdeŋid ˈbaf]

ɽat
PAST ˈhat͡ʃ
tell -ut
indicative ˈɖauɽ
boy -i
sing -s
NOM ˈbaf
the ˈɽim
love -ut
indicative ˈɖait͡ʃ
1excl.sing ˈɳaut
2.sing niˈɽoʃ
COMP ˈdeŋ
girl -i
sing -d
DAT ˈbaf
the

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

 (29)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Maush. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 8 October 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5NGVM

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-5NGVM,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Maush}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5NGVM}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 8 October 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Maush / Maush–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.

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https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5NGVM

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