A Grammar of Nagitana

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Nagitana language (the 1854th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Nagitana.

Typological Profile

It has proper polysynthesis and ergative case marking, i.e., the object of a transitive verb is marked the same as the subject of an intransitive one,.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Nagitana has 9 consonant phonemes, forming a relatively small inventory.

It has a complete absence of affricates, a complete absence of palatal consonants, something which is a rare occurrence indeed, as well as a conspicuous absence of approximants, a strongly reduced sibilant system and a complete absence of laryngeal consonants.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Nagitana. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

	labial	alveolar	velar
stop	p	t	k
nasal	m	n	ŋ
fricative	f	s

Vowels

Nagitana has 4 vowel qualities. This constitutes a relatively small inventory, with contrasts limited to the vowel categories displayed in the chart. The phonological system relies primarily on these few qualities to encode vocalic distinctions.

It has a triangular vowel system with few low vowels.

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Nagitana. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

	front	central	back
close	i		u
mid		ə
open		a

Stress and Tones

Nagitana has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

The language employs vowel harmony. To be specific, the following vowels change to match the first vowel of the root: /i/ becomes /u/.

Writing System

Introduction

Nagitana is normally written using the Latin alphabet, whose familiarity makes it straightforward for most readers. For clarity and precision, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also provided throughout this grammar.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

a /a/	e /ə/	f /f/	i /i/
k /k/	m /m/	n /n/	p /p/
s /s/	t /t/	u /u/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

ng /ŋ/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Nagitana does not have grammatical number.

Gender

Nagitana does not have genders or noun classes.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Nagitana can be exemplified by the following example:

initial XML:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>woman</noun>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>knife</noun>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
      <adj>blind</adj>
      <num>three</num>
      <det>yon</det>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>woman</noun>
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>knife</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
-      <adj>blind</adj>
-      <num>three</num>
-      <det>yon</det>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module constorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.plur
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+          <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-      <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-        </np>
-      </pp>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; a &#x2C8; m a">ŋaˈma</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="k i k i &#x2C8; f &#x259;">kikiˈfə</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u &#x2C8; p i f a">fuˈpifa</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a">sa</word>
+    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a n i">mani</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p u &#x2C8; f i f a">puˈfifa</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i &#x2C8;">siˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="p a m a">pama</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; a &#x2C8; m a">ŋaˈma</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="k i k i &#x2C8; f &#x259;">kikiˈfə</word>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u &#x2C8; p i f a">fuˈpifa</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u &#x2C8; p u f a" underlying="f u &#x2C8; p i f a">fuˈpufa</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a">sa</word>
-    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a n i">mani</thingy>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p u &#x2C8; f i f a">puˈfifa</word>
+    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a n u" underlying="m a n i">manu</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p u &#x2C8; f u f a" underlying="p u &#x2C8; f i f a">puˈfufa</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i &#x2C8;">siˈ</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="p a m a">pama</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; a &#x2C8; m a">ŋaˈma</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="k i k i &#x2C8; f &#x259;">kikiˈfə</word>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u &#x2C8; p u f a" underlying="f u &#x2C8; p i f a">fuˈpufa</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a">sa</word>
-    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a n u" underlying="m a n i">manu</thingy>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p u &#x2C8; f u f a" underlying="p u &#x2C8; f i f a">puˈfufa</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i &#x2C8;">siˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="p a m a">pama</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">ŋaˈma</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">kikiˈfə</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" underlying="f u &#x2C8; p i f a">fuˈpufa</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">sa</word>
+    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" underlying="m a n i">manu</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" underlying="p u &#x2C8; f i f a">puˈfufa</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">siˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ">pama</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">paka</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈŋama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;woman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kiˈkifə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfupifa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mani-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpufifa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;blind&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;masi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kəˈŋifəfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;yon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pama-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.plur.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;paka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifaˈŋamafiŋa kiˈkifə ˈfupufafuŋa sa manuˈpufufa masikəˈŋifəfəfiŋa ˈsi pamasatipaka</p>
+  <p>sifangamafinga kikife fupufafunga sa manupufufa masikengifefefinga si pamasatipaka</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈŋama</o>
+      <g>woman</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kiˈkifə</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfupifa</o>
+      <g>knife</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sa</o>
+      <g>three</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mani-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpufifa</o>
+      <g>blind</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>masi-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kəˈŋifəfə</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsi</o>
+      <g>yon</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pama-</o>
+      <g>3.plur.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>paka</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 1.

Sifangamafinga kikife fupufafunga sa manupufufa masikengifefefinga si pamasatipaka.

[sifaˈŋamafiŋa kiˈkifə ˈfupufafuŋa sa manuˈpufufa masikəˈŋifəfəfiŋa ˈsi pamasatipaka]

sifa-
ERG ˈŋama
woman -fiŋa
def kiˈkifə
COMIT ˈfupifa
knife -fiŋa
def sa
three mani-
plur ˈpufifa
blind masi-
plur kəˈŋifəfə
mouse -fiŋa
def ˈsi
yon pama-
3.plur.OBJ sati-
PAST paka
catch

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

(1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There are no clitics in the nominal phrase.

The Noun

The noun in Nagitana consists of first, an optional prefix expressing case, comprising sifa- /sifa-/ ‘ERG’, tanga- /taŋa-/ ‘GEN’, fine- /finə-/ ‘DAT’, pape- /papə-/ ‘INS’, sefi- /səfi-/ ‘VOC’, ngita- /ŋita-/ ‘ALL’, nima- /nima-/ ‘LOC’, ngete- /ŋətə-/ ‘ABL’ and kapa- /kapa-/ ‘PART’; second, an optional prefix expressing possessor, comprising kesa- /kəsa-/ ‘1incl.sing’, pesa- /pəsa-/ ‘1excl.sing’, fenga- /fəŋa-/ ‘2.sing’, nise- /nisə-/ ‘3.sing’, neka- /nəka-/ ‘1incl.plur’, kima- /kima-/ ‘1excl.plur’, nape- /napə-/ ‘2.plur’ and mete- /mətə-/ ‘3.plur’; third, an optional prefix expressing number, comprising masi- /masi-/ ‘plur’; fourth, the root; and finally, fifth, an optional suffix expressing def, comprising -finga /-fiŋa/ ‘def’.

The noun displays the following derivational morphology: 39 prefixes, namely tata- /tata-/ ‘little’, ngafe- /ŋafə-/ ‘big’, siti- /siti-/ ‘old’, mifa- /mifa-/ ‘new’, kasa- /kasa-/ ‘good’, tingi- /tiŋi-/ ‘bad’, sapi- /sapi-/ ‘make’, nisa- /nisa-/ ‘help’, fena- /fəna-/ ‘have’, tate- /tatə-/ ‘use’, ngasa- /ŋasa-/ ‘see’, pesi- /pəsi-/ ‘break’, nifi- /nifi-/ ‘eat’, kasi- /kasi-/ ‘drink’, nesi- /nəsi-/ ‘wear’, ningi- /niŋi-/ ‘own’, ngati- /ŋati-/ ‘contain’, mise- /misə-/ ‘hold’, mema- /məma-/ ‘lack’, ngimi- /ŋimi-/ ‘touch’, nafi- /nafi-/ ‘carry’, sini- /sini-/ ‘find’, kepa- /kəpa-/ ‘hunt’, pipa- /pipa-/ ‘guard’, mingi- /miŋi-/ ‘search’, ngiti- /ŋiti-/ ‘learn’, ngane- /ŋanə-/ ‘teach’, fisa- /fisa-/ ‘follow’, tesa- /təsa-/ ‘chase’, kanga- /kaŋa-/ ‘build’, kange- /kaŋə-/ ‘burn’, fise- /fisə-/ ‘hit’, teni- /təni-/ ‘take’, fika- /fika-/ ‘cut’, ngima- /ŋima-/ ‘hear’, tati- /tati-/ ‘know’, kana- /kana-/ ‘love’, pafe- /pafə-/ ‘protect’ and faki- /faki-/ ‘possess’

The Adjective

In Nagitana, the adjective has the following structure: an optional prefix expressing number, comprising mani- /mani-/ ‘plur’ followed by the root.

Numerals

The numeral in Nagitana stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

The determiner in Nagitana stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Nagitana stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Nagitana always includes the personal pronouns, even if they are not stressed. This is similar to English, where the only way to distinguish "he loves her" from "he loves her" and "he loves her" is the stress. So the following corresponds exactly to English in this regard:

initial XML:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

submodule transform_verb_obj

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
-      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+    <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-      </word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="k a n a">kana</thingy>
+    <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
+    <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="k a n a">kana</thingy>
-    <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
-    <thingy gloss="love&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy gloss="love&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">kana</thingy>
+    <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">niˈpi</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kana-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnipi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtika kanaˈnipi</p>
+  <p>tika kananipi</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kana-</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnipi</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 2.

Tika kananipi.

[ˈtika kanaˈnipi]

ˈtika
3.sing kana-
love ˈnipi
girl

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

(2)

Proper Nouns

initial XML:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>hate</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>NN1</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>NN2</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>hate</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>NN1</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>NN2</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
+<example id="loveprop" translation="Nangikisa hates Famakifi.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Nangikisa" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="n &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; k i s a">nəŋiˈkisa</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Famakifi" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="f a m a &#x2C8; k i f i">famaˈkifi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="m i f i &#x2C8; t i">mifiˈti</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Nangikisa hates Famakifi.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Nangikisa" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="n &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; k i s a">nəŋiˈkisa</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Famakifi" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="f a m a &#x2C8; k i f i">famaˈkifi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="m i f i &#x2C8; t i">mifiˈti</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Nangikisa" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes">nəŋiˈkisa</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Famakifi" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes">famaˈkifi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">mifiˈti</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nəˈŋikisa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Nangikisa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;faˈmakifi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Famakifi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;miˈfiti&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifanəˈŋikisafiŋa faˈmakififiŋa məpəmiˈfiti</p>
+  <p>sifaNengikisafinga Famakififinga mepemifiti</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nəˈŋikisa</o>
+      <g>Nangikisa</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>faˈmakifi</o>
+      <g>Famakifi</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>miˈfiti</o>
+      <g>hate</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 3.

SifaNengikisafinga Famakififinga mepemifiti.

[sifanəˈŋikisafiŋa faˈmakififiŋa məpəmiˈfiti]

sifa-
ERG nəˈŋikisa
Nangikisa -fiŋa
def faˈmakifi
Famakifi -fiŋa
def məpə-
3.sing.OBJ miˈfiti
hate

“Nangikisa hates Famakifi.”

(3)

Possession

initial XML:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/possessor/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/def/optional
Got def

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f u" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f u" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">taŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pəˈməŋisə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsufi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>nisəpəˈməŋisəfiŋa taŋaˈsufufuŋa</p>
+  <p>nisepemengisefinga tangasufufunga</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pəˈməŋisə</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taŋa-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsufi</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 4.

nisepemengisefinga tangasufufunga

[nisəpəˈməŋisəfiŋa taŋaˈsufufuŋa]

nisə-
3.sing.POSS pəˈməŋisə
apple -fiŋa
def taŋa-
GEN ˈsufi
boy -fiŋa
def

“the boy’s apple”

(4)

initial XML:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pəˈməŋisə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>nisəpəˈməŋisəfiŋa ˈtika</p>
+  <p>nisepemengisefinga tika</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pəˈməŋisə</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 5.

nisepemengisefinga tika

[nisəpəˈməŋisəfiŋa ˈtika]

nisə-
3.sing.POSS pəˈməŋisə
apple -fiŋa
def ˈtika
3.sing

“his (the boy’s) apple”

(5)

initial XML:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/possessor/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/def/optional
Got def

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="p &#x259; s a">pəsa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="p &#x259; s a">pəsa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.POSS">pəsa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl.sing" case="ABS">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pəsa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pəˈməŋisə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>pəsapəˈməŋisəfiŋa</p>
+  <p>pesapemengisefinga</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>pəsa-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pəˈməŋisə</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 6.

pesapemengisefinga

[pəsapəˈməŋisəfiŋa]

pəsa-
1excl.sing.POSS pəˈməŋisə
apple -fiŋa
def

“my apple”

(6)

initial XML:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kiss</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>hunter</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>daughter</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="neither">
            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>neighbour</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kiss</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>daughter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither">
-            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>neighbour</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="ERG">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="ERG">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="ERG">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing">
+    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
-        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/possessor/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/possessor/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/possessor/optional
Got 2.sing
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG" ph="n i &#x2C8; n a">niˈna</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p a &#x2C8; n &#x259;">paˈnə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; &#x14B; a">fəŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing" ph="s a t a &#x2C8; k a s i">sataˈkasi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a m a &#x2C8; t i">pamaˈti</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG" ph="n i &#x2C8; n a">niˈna</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p a &#x2C8; n &#x259;">paˈnə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; &#x14B; a">fəŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing" ph="s a t a &#x2C8; k a s i">sataˈkasi</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a m a &#x2C8; t i">pamaˈti</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG" ph="n i &#x2C8; n a">niˈna</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p a &#x2C8; n &#x259;">paˈnə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; &#x14B; a">fəŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing" ph="s a t a &#x2C8; k a s i">sataˈkasi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a m a &#x2C8; t i">pamaˈti</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ERG">niˈna</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">taŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">paˈnə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS">fəŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">sataˈkasi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">pamaˈti</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnina&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiˈnufəki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpanə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;saˈtakasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;neighbour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;paˈmati&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kiss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifanisəˈninafiŋa taŋaŋuˈnufəkufuŋa nisəˈpanəfiŋa taŋafəŋasaˈtakasifiŋa məpəsatipaˈmati</p>
+  <p>sifaniseninafinga tangangunufekufunga nisepanefinga tangafengasatakasifinga mepesatipamati</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnina</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taŋa-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiˈnufəki</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpanə</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taŋa-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəŋa-</o>
+      <g>2.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>saˈtakasi</o>
+      <g>neighbour</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>paˈmati</o>
+      <g>kiss</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 7.

Sifaniseninafinga tangangunufekufunga nisepanefinga tangafengasatakasifinga mepesatipamati.

[sifanisəˈninafiŋa taŋaŋuˈnufəkufuŋa nisəˈpanəfiŋa taŋafəŋasaˈtakasifiŋa məpəsatipaˈmati]

sifa-
ERG nisə-
3.sing.POSS ˈnina
daughter -fiŋa
def taŋa-
GEN ŋiˈnufəki
hunter -fiŋa
def nisə-
3.sing.POSS ˈpanə
son -fiŋa
def taŋa-
GEN fəŋa-
2.sing.POSS saˈtakasi
neighbour -fiŋa
def məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST paˈmati
kiss

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

(7)

Derivation

initial XML:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">fəˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piˈnaŋafi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>piˈnaŋafi ˈfə</p>
+  <p>pinangafi fe</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>piˈnaŋafi</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfə</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 8.

pinangafi fe

[piˈnaŋafi ˈfə]

piˈnaŋafi
lamb ˈfə
a

“a lamb”

(8)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
    <adj>little</adj>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
-    <adj>little</adj>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">fəˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tata-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piˈnaŋafi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>tatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə</p>
+  <p>tatapinangafi fe</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>tata-</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piˈnaŋafi</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfə</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 9.

tatapinangafi fe

[tatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə]

tata-
little piˈnaŋafi
lamb ˈfə
a

“a little lamb”

(9)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>have</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>lamb</noun>
      <adj>little</adj>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>have</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>lamb</noun>
-      <adj>little</adj>
+    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
-      <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+      <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/def/optional
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
        <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
      </word>
      <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-      </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">mama</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tata-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piˈnaŋafi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtika tatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə məpəsatimama</p>
+  <p>tika tatapinangafi fe mepesatimama</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tata-</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piˈnaŋafi</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfə</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mama</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 10.

Tika tatapinangafi fe mepesatimama.

[ˈtika tatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə məpəsatimama]

ˈtika
3.sing tata-
little piˈnaŋafi
lamb ˈfə
a məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST mama
have

“She had a little lamb.”

(10)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>want</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>have</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
          <noun>lamb</noun>
          <adj>little</adj>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>want</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>have</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-          <noun>lamb</noun>
-          <adj>little</adj>
+        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_verb_verb

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
+        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
-      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
+      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+    <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-      </word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="k i s a">kisa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
+    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="k i s a">kisa</thingy>
-    <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
-    <thingy gloss="want&#x2082;" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="want&#x2081;" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb">kisa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">mama</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kisa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;want&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtika satikisamama</p>
+  <p>tika satikisamama</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kisa-</o>
+      <g>want</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mama</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 11.

Tika satikisamama.

[ˈtika satikisamama]

ˈtika
3.sing sati-
PAST kisa-
want mama
have

“She wanted to have a little lamb.”

(11)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>want</verb>
      <adv>often</adv>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>have</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
          <noun>lamb</noun>
          <adj>little</adj>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>want</verb>
-      <adv>often</adv>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>have</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
-          <noun>lamb</noun>
-          <adj>little</adj>
+        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
-      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+        </vp>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
-      <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+          <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
            <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
          </word>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-          <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-          </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a">ka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="n i">ni</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a">ka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="n i">ni</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">mama</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ka</word>
+    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ni</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tata-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piˈnaŋafi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəˈnasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;want&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ni&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;often&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtika sifatatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə satimama fəˈnasa məpəsatika ni</p>
+  <p>tika sifatatapinangafi fe satimama fenasa mepesatika ni</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tata-</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piˈnaŋafi</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfə</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mama</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəˈnasa</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ka</o>
+      <g>want</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ni</o>
+      <g>often</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 12.

Tika sifatatapinangafi fe satimama fenasa mepesatika ni.

[ˈtika sifatatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə satimama fəˈnasa məpəsatika ni]

ˈtika
3.sing sifa-
ERG tata-
little piˈnaŋafi
lamb ˈfə
a sati-
PAST mama
have fəˈnasa
COMP məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST ka
want ni
often

“She often wanted to have a little lamb.”

(12)

initial XML:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state" question="yes" negation="yes">
      <verb>be</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>think</verb>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>want</verb>
              <adv>often</adv>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
              <noun>girl</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>have</verb>
                </vp>
                <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
                  <noun>lamb</noun>
                  <adj>little</adj>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state" question="yes" negation="yes">
-      <verb>be</verb>
+    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>think</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>want</verb>
-              <adv>often</adv>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-              <noun>girl</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>have</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
-                <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
-                  <noun>lamb</noun>
-                  <adj>little</adj>
+                <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+                  <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
-                <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
                  <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
-    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
                  <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
+            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
+                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
                  <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-                  <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </subs>
            </np>
          </subs>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
-    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
-        </vp>
        <np role="obj">
          <subs>
-            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
-              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
-            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
-                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
-                </vp>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+                </vp>
+                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+            </vp>
+            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
+        </vp>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
+    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj">
+        <np role="obj" case="ABS">
          <subs>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <subs>
-                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
          <subs>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
            </np>
-            <np role="obj">
+            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <subs>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
          <subs>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj" number="sing">
              <subs>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
+        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
          <subs>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
              <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </np>
-            <np role="obj" number="sing">
+            <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
              <subs>
-                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
          <subs>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
              <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
              <subs>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
          <subs>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
              <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
              <subs>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
                </vp>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
            </vp>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
          <subs>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-              <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+              <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
              <subs>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
-                  <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+                  <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
                </vp>
-                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
-              <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+              <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
-            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/def/optional
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/subj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/subj/optional
Got 2.sing
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/optional
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/question/optional
Got Q

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
          <subs>
            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
              <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
              <subs>
                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+                  <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+                  <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+                  <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
                    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
                  </word>
                  <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+                  <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
              </subs>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+              <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+              <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+              <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+              <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+              <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
          </subs>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <subs>
-        <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-          <subs>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-            </np>
-            <np role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-              <subs>
-                <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-                  <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-                  </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-                </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-              </subs>
-            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-            </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-          </subs>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a">ka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="n i">ni</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="m i p a">mipa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; f a">fəfa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="m i f i">mifi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x14B; u">ŋu</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q" attach="suffix" ph="f &#x259; s i">fəsi</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a">ka</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="n i">ni</word>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="m i p a">mipa</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; f a">fəfa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="m i f i">mifi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x14B; u">ŋu</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q" attach="suffix" ph="f &#x259; s i">fəsi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q" attach="suffix" ph="f &#x259; s u" underlying="f &#x259; s i">fəsu</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="t a t a">tata</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="p i n a &#x2C8; &#x14B; a f i">pinaˈŋafi</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="m a m a">mama</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a">ka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="n i">ni</word>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="m i p a">mipa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; f a">fəfa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG" attach="prefix" ph="m i f i">mifi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x14B; u">ŋu</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q" attach="suffix" ph="f &#x259; s u" underlying="f &#x259; s i">fəsu</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">tuˈma</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj">tata</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">pinaˈŋafi</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">mama</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ka</word>
+    <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ni</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">mipa</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ">fəfa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="NEG">mifi</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">ŋu</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="Q" underlying="f &#x259; s i">fəsu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tata-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piˈnaŋafi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəˈnasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;want&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ni&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;often&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəˈnasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mipa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;think&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəˈnasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəfa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mifi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NEG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;be&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fəsi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtuma ˈtika sifatatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə satimama fəˈnasa məpəsatika ni fəˈnasa məpəsatimipa fəˈnasa məpəfəfamifiŋufəsu</p>
+  <p>tuma tika sifatatapinangafi fe satimama fenasa mepesatika ni fenasa mepesatimipa fenasa mepefefamifingufesu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuma</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tata-</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piˈnaŋafi</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfə</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mama</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəˈnasa</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ka</o>
+      <g>want</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ni</o>
+      <g>often</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəˈnasa</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mipa</o>
+      <g>think</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəˈnasa</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəfa-</o>
+      <g>2.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mifi-</o>
+      <g>NEG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋu</o>
+      <g>be</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fəsi</o>
+      <g>Q</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 13.

Tuma tika sifatatapinangafi fe satimama fenasa mepesatika ni fenasa mepesatimipa fenasa mepefefamifingufesu?

[ˈtuma ˈtika sifatatapiˈnaŋafi ˈfə satimama fəˈnasa məpəsatika ni fəˈnasa məpəsatimipa fəˈnasa məpəfəfamifiŋufəsu]

ˈtuma
2.sing ˈtika
3.sing sifa-
ERG tata-
little piˈnaŋafi
lamb ˈfə
a sati-
PAST mama
have fəˈnasa
COMP məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST ka
want ni
often fəˈnasa
COMP məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST mipa
think fəˈnasa
COMP məpə-
3.sing.OBJ fəfa-
2.sing.SUBJ mifi-
NEG ŋu
be -fəsi
Q

“Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?”

(13)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

There are no clitics in the verbal phrase.

In addition, the verb is structured like this: first, an optional prefix expressing indobj, comprising mena- /məna-/ ‘1incl.sing’, nasi- /nasi-/ ‘1excl.sing’, tete- /tətə-/ ‘2.sing’, naka- /naka-/ ‘3.sing’, kepi- /kəpi-/ ‘1incl.plur’, sima- /sima-/ ‘1excl.plur’, fana- /fana-/ ‘2.plur’ and nipa- /nipa-/ ‘3.plur’; second, an optional prefix expressing obj, comprising kina- /kina-/ ‘1incl.sing’, nasa- /nasa-/ ‘1excl.sing’, ngami- /ŋami-/ ‘2.sing’, mepe- /məpə-/ ‘3.sing’, nama- /nama-/ ‘1incl.plur’, kesi- /kəsi-/ ‘1excl.plur’, ngipi- /ŋipi-/ ‘2.plur’ and pama- /pama-/ ‘3.plur’; third, an optional prefix expressing subj, comprising mati- /mati-/ ‘1incl.sing’, nimi- /nimi-/ ‘1excl.sing’, fefa- /fəfa-/ ‘2.sing’, sisi- /sisi-/ ‘1incl.plur’, minga- /miŋa-/ ‘1excl.plur’, mape- /mapə-/ ‘2.plur’ and tafi- /tafi-/ ‘3.plur’; fourth, an optional prefix expressing negation, comprising mifi- /mifi-/ ‘NEG’; fifth, an optional prefix expressing voice, comprising pifi- /pifi-/ ‘passive’; sixth, an optional prefix expressing mode, comprising fita- /fita-/ ‘imperative’, fapi- /fapi-/ ‘conditional’ and fina- /fina-/ ‘optative’; seventh, an optional prefix expressing ta, comprising sati- /sati-/ ‘PAST’; eighth, the root; and finally, ninth, an optional suffix expressing question, comprising -fesi /-fəsi/ ‘Q’.

The verb displays the following derivational morphology: 19 prefixes, namely fepe- /fəpə-/ ‘begin’, safi- /safi-/ ‘stop’, nipe- /nipə-/ ‘continue’, pengi- /pəŋi-/ ‘try’, sate- /satə-/ ‘start’, kisa- /kisa-/ ‘want’, mima- /mima-/ ‘can’, pife- /pifə-/ ‘finish’, pina- /pina-/ ‘need’, sange- /saŋə-/ ‘decide’, fapi- /fapi-/ ‘fail’, pefa- /pəfa-/ ‘hope’, fife- /fifə-/ ‘must’, kate- /katə-/ ‘pretend’, kinga- /kiŋa-/ ‘let’, tete- /tətə-/ ‘force’, sika- /sika-/ ‘keep’, kika- /kika-/ ‘cause’ and pisi- /pisi-/ ‘allow’

initial XML:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/obj/optional
Got 2.sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/subj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="&#x14B; a m i">ŋami</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x14B; i k i">ŋiki</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="&#x14B; a m i">ŋami</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x14B; i k i">ŋiki</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="&#x14B; a m i">ŋami</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x14B; i k i">ŋiki</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">tuˈma</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ">ŋami</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">nimi</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">ŋiki</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋami-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nimi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtuku ˈtuma ŋaminimiŋiki</p>
+  <p>tuku tuma ngaminimingiki</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuma</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋami-</o>
+      <g>2.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nimi-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiki</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 14.

Tuku tuma ngaminimingiki.

[ˈtuku ˈtuma ŋaminimiŋiki]

ˈtuki
1excl.sing ˈtuma
2.sing ŋami-
2.sing.OBJ nimi-
1excl.sing.SUBJ ŋiki
love

“I love you.”

(14)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

initial XML:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>table</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>table</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
-      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/def/optional
Got def

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
-  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="&#x14B; &#x259;">ŋə</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="t a &#x2C8; f i">taˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t a &#x2C8; m &#x259; n i">taˈməni</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="&#x14B; &#x259;">ŋə</word>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="t a &#x2C8; f i">taˈfi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t a &#x2C8; m &#x259; n i">taˈməni</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">ŋə</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">taˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">taˈməni</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtafi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtaməni&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;table&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ŋə ˈtafifiŋa ˈtamənifiŋa</p>
+  <p>nge tafifinga tamenifinga</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋə</o>
+      <g>in</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtafi</o>
+      <g>surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtaməni</o>
+      <g>table</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 15.

nge tafifinga tamenifinga

[ŋə ˈtafifiŋa ˈtamənifiŋa]

ŋə
in ˈtafi
surface -fiŋa
def ˈtaməni
table -fiŋa
def

“on the table”

(15)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>box</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>box</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      </np>
-      <np def="def" number="sing">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
-      </np>
      <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
      </np>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/def/optional
Got def

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
-  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t i">ti</word>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i &#x2C8; s a">siˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; s u &#x2C8; p a f &#x259;">fəsuˈpafə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t i">ti</word>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i &#x2C8; s a">siˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; s u &#x2C8; p a f &#x259;">fəsuˈpafə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t i">ti</word>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i &#x2C8; s a">siˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; s u &#x2C8; p a f &#x259;">fəsuˈpafə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">ti</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">siˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fəsuˈpafə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ti&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;to&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsisa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəˈsupafə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ti ˈsisafiŋa fəˈsupafəfuŋa</p>
+  <p>ti sisafinga fesupafefunga</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ti</o>
+      <g>to</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsisa</o>
+      <g>inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəˈsupafə</o>
+      <g>box</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 16.

ti sisafinga fesupafefunga

[ti ˈsisafiŋa fəˈsupafəfuŋa]

ti
to ˈsisa
inside -fiŋa
def fəˈsupafə
box -fiŋa
def

“into the box”

(16)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
-  <pp role="comitative">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="k i k i &#x2C8; f &#x259;">kikiˈfə</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="k i k i &#x2C8; f &#x259;">kikiˈfə</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="k i k i &#x2C8; f &#x259;">kikiˈfə</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">kikiˈfə</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kiˈkifə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>kiˈkifə ˈtuku</p>
+  <p>kikife tuku</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>kiˈkifə</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 17.

kikife tuku

[kiˈkifə ˈtuku]

kiˈkifə
COMIT ˈtuki
1excl.sing

“with me”

(17)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

Nagitana has basic Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) word order. The subject precedes the object, and the verb appears at the end of the clause. This is one of the most frequent patterns cross-linguistically.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Nagitana.

initial XML:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>jaguar</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>jaguar</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="k i m a &#x2C8; n &#x259; f &#x259;">kimaˈnəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a s i">kasi</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="k i m a &#x2C8; n &#x259; f &#x259;">kimaˈnəfə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a s i">kasi</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="k i m a &#x2C8; n &#x259; f &#x259;">kimaˈnəfə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k a s i">kasi</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">kimaˈnəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">kasi</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kiˈmanəfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiˈnufəki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifakiˈmanəfəfiŋa ŋuˈnufəkufuŋa məpəsatikasi</p>
+  <p>sifakimanefefinga ngunufekufunga mepesatikasi</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kiˈmanəfə</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiˈnufəki</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kasi</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 18.

Sifakimanefefinga ngunufekufunga mepesatikasi.

[sifakiˈmanəfəfiŋa ŋuˈnufəkufuŋa məpəsatikasi]

sifa-
ERG kiˈmanəfə
jaguar -fiŋa
def ŋiˈnufəki
hunter -fiŋa
def məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST kasi
kill

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

(18)

initial XML:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>eat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>lion</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>hunter</noun>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>daughter</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>dog</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>eat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>lion</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>daughter</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>dog</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/possessor/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/possessor/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; k a m i">ŋinaˈkami</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="s &#x259; &#x2C8; t &#x259;">səˈtə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing" ph="n i &#x2C8; n a">niˈna</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="t a n i">tani</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; k a m i">ŋinaˈkami</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="s &#x259; &#x2C8; t &#x259;">səˈtə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing" ph="n i &#x2C8; n a">niˈna</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="t a n i">tani</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; k a m i">ŋinaˈkami</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="s &#x259; &#x2C8; t &#x259;">səˈtə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing" ph="n i &#x2C8; n a">niˈna</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="t a n i">tani</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">ŋinaˈkami</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">səˈtə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">niˈna</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">taŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">tani</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiˈnakami&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsətə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnina&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiˈnufəki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifaŋiˈnakamifiŋa nisəˈsətəfiŋa taŋanisəˈninafiŋa taŋaŋuˈnufəkufuŋa məpəsatitani</p>
+  <p>sifanginakamifinga nisesetefinga tanganiseninafinga tangangunufekufunga mepesatitani</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiˈnakami</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsətə</o>
+      <g>dog</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taŋa-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnina</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taŋa-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiˈnufəki</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tani</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 19.

Sifanginakamifinga nisesetefinga tanganiseninafinga tangangunufekufunga mepesatitani.

[sifaŋiˈnakamifiŋa nisəˈsətəfiŋa taŋanisəˈninafiŋa taŋaŋuˈnufəkufuŋa məpəsatitani]

sifa-
ERG ŋiˈnakami
lion -fiŋa
def nisə-
3.sing.POSS ˈsətə
dog -fiŋa
def taŋa-
GEN nisə-
3.sing.POSS ˈnina
daughter -fiŋa
def taŋa-
GEN ŋiˈnufəki
hunter -fiŋa
def məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST tani
eat

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

(19)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Nagitana reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-initial: the possessed noun precedes the possessor. For instance, Nagitana expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “toy child”. This structure is typologically rarer and often co-occurs with verb-initial syntax or with grammatical marking on the noun.

initial XML:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def">
        <noun>friend</noun>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>book</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def">
-        <noun>friend</noun>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>book</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
    </np>
  </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
-    </np>
-  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="ABS" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
  </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
  </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
  </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/possessor/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/possessor/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/optional
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/possessor/optional
Got 2.sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/def/optional
Got def

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p u k &#x259;">pukə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing" ph="m a &#x2C8; k i">maˈki</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; &#x14B; a">fəŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing" ph="p a &#x2C8; n &#x259;">paˈnə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p u k &#x259;">pukə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing" ph="m a &#x2C8; k i">maˈki</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; &#x14B; a">fəŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing" ph="p a &#x2C8; n &#x259;">paˈnə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS" ph="p u k &#x259;">pukə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="n i s &#x259;">nisə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing" ph="m a &#x2C8; k i">maˈki</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="t a &#x14B; a">taŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS" attach="prefix" ph="f &#x259; &#x14B; a">fəŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing" ph="p a &#x2C8; n &#x259;">paˈnə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.sing" case="ABS">pukə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.POSS">nisə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="3.sing">maˈki</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">taŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.POSS">fəŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" possessor="2.sing">paˈnə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pukə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;book&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nisə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmaki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;friend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəŋa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;POSS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpanə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>nisəpukəfuŋa taŋanisəˈmakifiŋa taŋafəŋaˈpanəfiŋa</p>
+  <p>nisepukefunga tanganisemakifinga tangafengapanefinga</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pukə</o>
+      <g>book</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taŋa-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nisə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmaki</o>
+      <g>friend</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taŋa-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəŋa-</o>
+      <g>2.sing.POSS</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpanə</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 20.

nisepukefunga tanganisemakifinga tangafengapanefinga

[nisəpukəfuŋa taŋanisəˈmakifiŋa taŋafəŋaˈpanəfiŋa]

nisə-
3.sing.POSS pukə
book -fiŋa
def taŋa-
GEN nisə-
3.sing.POSS ˈmaki
friend -fiŋa
def taŋa-
GEN fəŋa-
2.sing.POSS ˈpanə
son -fiŋa
def

“your son’s friend’s book”

(20)

Case Marking

Nagitana uses ergative–absolutive case marking. The subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb are treated alike and take the absolutive case, while the subject of a transitive verb is marked with the ergative case. From the point of view of such a system, this is a perfectly natural way to organise the clause: the absolutive marks the participant most directly involved in the event or state, while the ergative marks the additional participant that causes or controls a transitive event.

initial XML:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state">
      <verb>sleep</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state">
-      <verb>sleep</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="f u">fu</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="f u">fu</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">fu</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈsatafiŋa fu</p>
+  <p>satafinga fu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsata</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fu</o>
+      <g>sleep</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 21.

Satafinga fu.

[ˈsatafiŋa fu]

ˈsata
cat -fiŋa
def fu
sleep

“The cat is sleeping.”

(21)

initial XML:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>run</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>run</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/voice/optional
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/mode/optional
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="p u">pu</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="p u">pu</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">pu</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈsatafiŋa pu</p>
+  <p>satafinga pu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsata</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pu</o>
+      <g>run</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 22.

Satafinga pu.

[ˈsatafiŋa pu]

ˈsata
cat -fiŋa
def pu
run

“The cat is running.”

(22)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>chase</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>chase</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

submodule transform_verb_obj

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+      </word>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
-      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/voice/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/mode/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+    <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-      </word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="t &#x259; s a">təsa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
+    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="t &#x259; s a">təsa</thingy>
-    <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
-    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="chase&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">təsa</thingy>
+    <word gloss="mouse" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;təsa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;chase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kəˈŋifəfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈsatafiŋa təsakəˈŋifəfə</p>
+  <p>satafinga tesakengifefe</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsata</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>təsa-</o>
+      <g>chase</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kəˈŋifəfə</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 23.

Satafinga tesakengifefe.

[ˈsatafiŋa təsakəˈŋifəfə]

ˈsata
cat -fiŋa
def təsa-
chase kəˈŋifəfə
mouse

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

(23)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">paka</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kəˈŋifəfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;paka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifaˈsatafiŋa kəˈŋifəfəfiŋa məpəsatipaka</p>
+  <p>sifasatafinga kengifefefinga mepesatipaka</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsata</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kəˈŋifəfə</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>paka</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 24.

Sifasatafinga kengifefefinga mepesatipaka.

[sifaˈsatafiŋa kəˈŋifəfəfiŋa məpəsatipaka]

sifa-
ERG ˈsata
cat -fiŋa
def kəˈŋifəfə
mouse -fiŋa
def məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST paka
catch

“The cat caught the mouse.”

(24)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

initial XML:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>jaguar</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>tiger</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>lion</noun>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>jaguar</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>tiger</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>lion</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="plur">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flattenconjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
-      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
-      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.plur
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="k i m a &#x2C8; n &#x259; f &#x259;">kimaˈnəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="m &#x259; &#x2C8;">məˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="f i m &#x259; &#x2C8; k i t &#x259;">fiməˈkitə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="m &#x259; &#x2C8;">məˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; k a m i">ŋinaˈkami</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="p a m a">pama</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="k a s i">kasi</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋinuˈfəki</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="k i m a &#x2C8; n &#x259; f &#x259;">kimaˈnəfə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="m &#x259; &#x2C8;">məˈ</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="f i m &#x259; &#x2C8; k i t &#x259;">fiməˈkitə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="m &#x259; &#x2C8;">məˈ</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; k a m i">ŋinaˈkami</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="p a m a">pama</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="k a s i">kasi</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="&#x14B; u n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k u" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="k i m a &#x2C8; n &#x259; f &#x259;">kimaˈnəfə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="m &#x259; &#x2C8;">məˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="f i m &#x259; &#x2C8; k i t &#x259;">fiməˈkitə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="m &#x259; &#x2C8;">məˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="m a s i">masi</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; k a m i">ŋinaˈkami</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="p a m a">pama</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="k a s i">kasi</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="&#x14B; i n u &#x2C8; f &#x259; k i">ŋunuˈfəku</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">kimaˈnəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">məˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">fiməˈkitə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">məˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">masi</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">ŋinaˈkami</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ">pama</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">kasi</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiˈnufəki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;masi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kiˈmanəfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;masi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fiˈməkitə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;masi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiˈnakami&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pama-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.plur.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifaŋuˈnufəkufuŋa masikiˈmanəfəfiŋa ˈmə masifiˈməkitəfiŋa ˈmə masiŋiˈnakamifiŋa pamasatikasi</p>
+  <p>sifangunufekufunga masikimanefefinga me masifimekitefinga me masinginakamifinga pamasatikasi</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiˈnufəki</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>masi-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kiˈmanəfə</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmə</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>masi-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fiˈməkitə</o>
+      <g>tiger</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmə</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>masi-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiˈnakami</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pama-</o>
+      <g>3.plur.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kasi</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 25.

Sifangunufekufunga masikimanefefinga me masifimekitefinga me masinginakamifinga pamasatikasi.

[sifaŋuˈnufəkufuŋa masikiˈmanəfəfiŋa ˈmə masifiˈməkitəfiŋa ˈmə masiŋiˈnakamifiŋa pamasatikasi]

sifa-
ERG ŋiˈnufəki
hunter -fiŋa
def masi-
plur kiˈmanəfə
jaguar -fiŋa
def ˈmə
and masi-
plur fiˈməkitə
tiger -fiŋa
def ˈmə
and masi-
plur ŋiˈnakami
lion -fiŋa
def pama-
3.plur.OBJ sati-
PAST kasi
kill

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

(25)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Nagitana provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Nagitana uses the correlative strategy to form relative clauses. The relative clause is introduced by a dedicated relativiser and appears as an independent clause. The main clause contains a demonstrative that corresponds to the relativiser and identifies the element being modified. The relative clause precedes the main clause when used on its own, and follows the head noun when it functions as a modifier. The internal structure of both clauses is fully finite.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

initial XML:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="s a &#x2C8; t a">saˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">saˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">fisaˈkə</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nimi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fiˈsakə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtuku ˈsatafiŋa məpənimisatifiˈsakə</p>
+  <p>tuku satafinga mepenimisatifisake</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsata</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nimi-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fiˈsakə</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 26.

Tuku satafinga mepenimisatifisake.

[ˈtuku ˈsatafiŋa məpənimisatifiˈsakə]

ˈtuki
1excl.sing ˈsata
cat -fiŋa
def məpə-
3.sing.OBJ nimi-
1excl.sing.SUBJ sati-
PAST fiˈsakə
pat

“I patted the cat.”

(26)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

initial XML:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
          <noun>mouse</noun>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-          <noun>mouse</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="k &#x259; &#x14B; i &#x2C8; f &#x259; f &#x259;">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">kəŋiˈfəfə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">paka</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">fisaˈkə</word>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kəˈŋifəfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;paka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nimi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fiˈsakə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtika kəˈŋifəfəfiŋa məpəsatipaka ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatifiˈsakə ˈpa</p>
+  <p>tika kengifefefinga mepesatipaka tuku tika mepenimisatifisake pa</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kəˈŋifəfə</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>paka</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nimi-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fiˈsakə</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpa</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 27.

Tika kengifefefinga mepesatipaka tuku tika mepenimisatifisake pa.

[ˈtika kəˈŋifəfəfiŋa məpəsatipaka ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatifiˈsakə ˈpa]

ˈtika
3.sing kəˈŋifəfə
mouse -fiŋa
def məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST paka
catch ˈtuki
1excl.sing ˈtika
3.sing məpə-
3.sing.OBJ nimi-
1excl.sing.SUBJ sati-
PAST fiˈsakə
pat ˈpa
then

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

(27)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

initial XML:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
              <noun>cheese</noun>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-              <noun>cheese</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
-          </relp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-      </relp>
+    <np role="obj">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
+    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module complementise:

No change.

submodule transform_verb_obj

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+      </word>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
-      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
        <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
      </word>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-      </word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
-    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="n i f i">nifi</thingy>
+    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="p i &#x14B; &#x259; &#x2C8; s &#x259; f a">piŋəˈsəfa</word>
+    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="n i f i">nifi</thingy>
    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="p i &#x14B; &#x259; &#x2C8; s &#x259; f a">piŋəˈsəfa</word>
    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="n i f i">nifi</thingy>
-    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="p i &#x14B; &#x259; &#x2C8; s &#x259; f a">piŋəˈsəfa</word>
-    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2082;" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="eat&#x2081;" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb">nifi</thingy>
+    <word gloss="cheese" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">piŋəˈsəfa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">paka</word>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">paˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">fisaˈkə</word>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nifi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piˈŋəsəfa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;paka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nimi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fiˈsakə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtika satinifipiˈŋəsəfa ˈtika ˈtika məpəsatipaka ˈpa ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatifiˈsakə ˈpa</p>
+  <p>tika satinifipingesefa tika tika mepesatipaka pa tuku tika mepenimisatifisake pa</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nifi-</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piˈŋəsəfa</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>paka</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpa</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nimi-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fiˈsakə</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpa</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 28.

Tika satinifipingesefa tika tika mepesatipaka pa tuku tika mepenimisatifisake pa.

[ˈtika satinifipiˈŋəsəfa ˈtika ˈtika məpəsatipaka ˈpa ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatifiˈsakə ˈpa]

ˈtika
3.sing sati-
PAST nifi-
eat piˈŋəsəfa
cheese ˈtika
3.sing ˈtika
3.sing məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST paka
catch ˈpa
then ˈtuki
1excl.sing ˈtika
3.sing məpə-
3.sing.OBJ nimi-
1excl.sing.SUBJ sati-
PAST fiˈsakə
pat ˈpa
then

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

(28)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

initial XML:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>buy</verb>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
                  <noun>cheese</noun>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>buy</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
-                  <noun>cheese</noun>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+      </np>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
-            <np role="obj">
-              <relp>
+    </np>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-                </np>
-              </relp>
-            </np>
-          </relp>
+    <np role="obj">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
-      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+  </s>
+  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ABS">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ERG">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module markowned:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
        <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/subj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
  <s connector="then">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
-  <s connector="then">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="m i s a">misa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="t a n i">tani</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="m i s a">misa</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="t a n i">tani</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="m i s a">misa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="t a n i">tani</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p a k a">paka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS" ph="t i &#x2C8; k a">tiˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f i s a &#x2C8; k &#x259;">fisaˈkə</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="p a &#x2C8;">paˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">misa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">tani</word>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">paˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">tiˈka</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">paka</word>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">paˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ABS">tiˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">fisaˈkə</word>
+    <word gloss="then" posp="conj">paˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nimi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;misa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;buy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;tani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;paka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtika&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nimi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fiˈsakə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatimisa ˈtika ˈtika məpəsatitani ˈpa ˈtika ˈtika məpəsatipaka ˈpa ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatifiˈsakə ˈpa</p>
+  <p>tuku tika mepenimisatimisa tika tika mepesatitani pa tika tika mepesatipaka pa tuku tika mepenimisatifisake pa</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nimi-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>misa</o>
+      <g>buy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>tani</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpa</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>paka</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpa</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtika</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nimi-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fiˈsakə</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpa</o>
+      <g>then</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 29.

Tuku tika mepenimisatimisa tika tika mepesatitani pa tika tika mepesatipaka pa tuku tika mepenimisatifisake pa.

[ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatimisa ˈtika ˈtika məpəsatitani ˈpa ˈtika ˈtika məpəsatipaka ˈpa ˈtuku ˈtika məpənimisatifiˈsakə ˈpa]

ˈtuki
1excl.sing ˈtika
3.sing məpə-
3.sing.OBJ nimi-
1excl.sing.SUBJ sati-
PAST misa
buy ˈtika
3.sing ˈtika
3.sing məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST tani
eat ˈpa
then ˈtika
3.sing ˈtika
3.sing məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST paka
catch ˈpa
then ˈtuki
1excl.sing ˈtika
3.sing məpə-
3.sing.OBJ nimi-
1excl.sing.SUBJ sati-
PAST fiˈsakə
pat ˈpa
then

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

(29)

Complementation Strategies

Nagitana introduces complement clauses with a dedicated complementiser, similar to English that. The complementiser appears at the beginning of the embedded clause and signals that the clause functions as a syntactic argument. The embedded clause is fully finite and displays the same tense, aspect and agreement patterns as independent clauses.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

initial XML:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>surprise</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>give</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
          <noun>boy</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
          <noun>apple</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
          <noun>girl</noun>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
      <noun>teacher</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>surprise</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>give</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
-          <noun>boy</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
-          <noun>apple</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
-          <noun>girl</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
-      <noun>teacher</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+        </vp>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="ERG">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="ERG">
+    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing">
+    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/optional
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/optional
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/def/optional
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/indobj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/obj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/case/optional
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/indobj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/obj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+          <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
+          <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
+          <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p i t i">piti</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="t &#x259; f i s &#x259; s &#x259;">təfisəsə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; m a">ŋinaˈma</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f u" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p i t i">piti</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="t &#x259; f i s &#x259; s &#x259;">təfisəsə</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; m a">ŋinaˈma</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f u" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="p &#x259; m &#x259; &#x2C8; &#x14B; i s &#x259;">pəməˈŋisə</word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; &#x2C8;">fəˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x259; p &#x259;">məpə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="p i t i">piti</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="t &#x259; f i s &#x259; s &#x259;">təfisəsə</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="&#x14B; i n a &#x2C8; m a">ŋinaˈma</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT">finə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">niˈpi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">pəməˈŋisə</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">fəˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ">naka</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.OBJ">məpə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">piti</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT">finə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">təfisəsə</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ">naka</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">ŋinaˈma</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsufi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;finə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnipi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;pəˈməŋisə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naka-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;INDOBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;piti&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;give&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəˈnasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;finə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;təfisəsə&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naka-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;INDOBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiˈnama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surprise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifaˈsufufuŋa finəˈnipifiŋa pəˈməŋisə ˈfə nakaməpəsatipiti fəˈnasa finətəfisəsəfiŋa nakasatiŋiˈnama</p>
+  <p>sifasufufunga finenipifinga pemengise fe nakamepesatipiti fenasa finetefisesefinga nakasatinginama</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsufi</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>finə-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnipi</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>pəˈməŋisə</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfə</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naka-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.INDOBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpə-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>piti</o>
+      <g>give</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəˈnasa</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>finə-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>təfisəsə</o>
+      <g>teacher</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naka-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.INDOBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiˈnama</o>
+      <g>surprise</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 30.

Sifasufufunga finenipifinga pemengise fe nakamepesatipiti fenasa finetefisesefinga nakasatinginama.

[sifaˈsufufuŋa finəˈnipifiŋa pəˈməŋisə ˈfə nakaməpəsatipiti fəˈnasa finətəfisəsəfiŋa nakasatiŋiˈnama]

sifa-
ERG ˈsufi
boy -fiŋa
def finə-
DAT ˈnipi
girl -fiŋa
def pəˈməŋisə
apple ˈfə
a naka-
3.sing.INDOBJ məpə-
3.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST piti
give fəˈnasa
COMP finə-
DAT təfisəsə
teacher -fiŋa
def naka-
3.sing.INDOBJ sati-
PAST ŋiˈnama
surprise

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

(30)

Quotes

Nagitana employs a quotative particle to mark direct and indirect speech. The quotative follows the reported phrase and identifies the preceding expression as quoted or reported. The same construction is also used to express reported thoughts.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

initial XML:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>tell</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="gnomic">
          <verb>love</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>tell</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="gnomic">
-          <verb>love</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module sequential:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+        </vp>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module markowned:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
        </vp>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/optional
Got ERG
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/optional
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/possessor/optional
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/def/optional
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/indobj/optional
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/obj/optional
Got 2.sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/subj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/indobj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/obj/optional
Got 1excl.sing
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/subj/optional
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/negation/optional
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/mode/optional
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/question/optional
Got not.Q

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+      <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+          <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="&#x14B; a m i">ŋami</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x14B; i k i">ŋiki</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a s a">nasa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="m &#x259; p a">məpa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f u" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈki</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="&#x14B; a m i">ŋami</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x14B; i k i">ŋiki</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a s a">nasa</thingy>
    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="m &#x259; p a">məpa</word>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG" attach="prefix" ph="s i f a">sifa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="s u &#x2C8; f u" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f u &#x14B; a" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="f i n &#x259;">finə</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="prefix" gloss="no.owner.POSS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner" ph="n i &#x2C8; p i">niˈpi</word>
-    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="f i &#x14B; a">fiŋa</thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; k u" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner" ph="t u &#x2C8; m a">tuˈma</word>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="&#x14B; a m i">ŋami</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n i m i">nimi</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PRES" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#x14B; i k i">ŋiki</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" ph="f &#x259; n a &#x2C8; s a">fənaˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a k a">naka</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n a s a">nasa</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbnegation" function="prefix" gloss="POS" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbmode" function="prefix" gloss="indicative" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST" attach="prefix" ph="s a t i">sati</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="m &#x259; p a">məpa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ERG">sifa</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="s u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfu</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="f i &#x14B; a">fuŋa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT">finə</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">niˈpi</word>
+    <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">fiŋa</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" underlying="t u &#x2C8; k i">tuˈku</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" possessor="no.owner">tuˈma</word>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="2.sing.OBJ">ŋami</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">nimi</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">ŋiki</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ABS" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">fənaˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbindobj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.INDOBJ">naka</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbobj" function="prefix" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ">nasa</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="prefix" gloss="PAST">sati</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">məpa</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sifa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ERG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsufi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;finə-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnipi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-fiŋa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;def&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtuma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋami-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nimi-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋiki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fəˈnasa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naka-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;INDOBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nasa-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;OBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sati-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;məpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>sifaˈsufufuŋa finəˈnipifiŋa ˈtuku ˈtuma ŋaminimiŋiki fəˈnasa nakanasasatiməpa</p>
+  <p>sifasufufunga finenipifinga tuku tuma ngaminimingiki fenasa nakanasasatimepa</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>sifa-</o>
+      <g>ERG</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsufi</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>finə-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnipi</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-fiŋa</o>
+      <g>def</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuki</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtuma</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋami-</o>
+      <g>2.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nimi-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋiki</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fəˈnasa</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naka-</o>
+      <g>3.sing.INDOBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nasa-</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.OBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sati-</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>məpa</o>
+      <g>tell</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 31.

Sifasufufunga finenipifinga tuku tuma ngaminimingiki fenasa nakanasasatimepa.

[sifaˈsufufuŋa finəˈnipifiŋa ˈtuku ˈtuma ŋaminimiŋiki fəˈnasa nakanasasatiməpa]

sifa-
ERG ˈsufi
boy -fiŋa
def finə-
DAT ˈnipi
girl -fiŋa
def ˈtuki
1excl.sing ˈtuma
2.sing ŋami-
2.sing.OBJ nimi-
1excl.sing.SUBJ ŋiki
love fəˈnasa
COMP naka-
3.sing.INDOBJ nasa-
1excl.sing.OBJ sati-
PAST məpa
tell

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

(31)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Nagitana. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 14 October 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5Z5XY

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-5Z5XY,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Nagitana}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5Z5XY}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 14 October 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Nagitana / Nagitana–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.

Readers are encouraged to share observations or corrections via the feedback form. The present page may be accessed directly at:

https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5Z5XY

Behind the scenes, the Language Creator stores the generated language in a JSON-based format known as ELD. The corresponding ELD file may be downloaded, edited as required, and reuploaded in order to regenerate the grammar, dictionary and texts.

Language creation took 0.06 seconds; writing the grammar 0.09 seconds.