A Grammar of Choizh
Introduction
Scope and Purpose
This grammar provides a systematic description of the Choizh language (the 650th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.
The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Choizh.
Typological Profile
It has proper polysynthesis and not just singular and plural, but also dual,.Phonology
Phoneme Inventory
Consonants
Choizh has a moderately large consonant inventory, with 30 phonemes.
It has a maximally contrastive voicing system, a substantial inventory of palatal or palatalised consonants, a notably rich set of sibilant contrasts, a rich and varied affricate inventory and a notably rich liquid inventory.The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Choizh. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.
| labial | alveolar | postalveolar | alveolo-palatal | lateral | palatal | velar | glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stop | b | d t | c ɟ | k ɡ | ||||
| nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| trill/tap/flap | ɾ | |||||||
| fricative | f | s z | ʃ ʒ | x ɣ | h | |||
| approximant | ʋ | l | j | |||||
| affricate | d͡z t͡s | d͡ʒ t͡ʃ | t͡ɕ |
Vowels
Choizh has 9 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.
It has a strongly reduced vowel system in unstressed syllables and a partially contrastive system of vowel length.The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Choizh. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.
| front | central | back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| close | i | u | |
| mid | e | ə | o |
| open | a |
Stress and Tones
Choizh has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.
Phonological Processes
Vowel Harmony
Vowel harmony does not exist in this language.
Writing System
Introduction
Choizh is normally written using the Cyrillic alphabet, a script with a long and varied history across Eastern Europe and northern Asia. In this grammar, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also used to give an unambiguous representation of sound.
The conventions adopted here follow standard Cyrillic practice for the language where that exists; where they do not, the IPA transcription should be taken as authoritative.
Orthography
Here are the various components of the orthography:
Simple letters
| а /a/ | б /b/ | в /ʋ/ | г /h/ |
| д /d/ | е /e/ | ж /ʒ/ | з /z/ |
| и /i/ | к /k/ | л /l/ | м /m/ |
| н /n/ | о /o/ | р /r/ | с /s/ |
| т /t/ | у /u/ | ф /f/ | х /x/ |
| ц /t͡s/ | ч /t͡ʃ/ | ш /ʃ/ | ѓ /ɟ/ |
| ѕ /d͡z/ | ј /j/ | њ /ɲ/ | ћ /t͡ɕ/ |
| ќ /c/ | џ /d͡ʒ/ | ґ /ɡ/ | ғ /ɣ/ |
| ӈ /ŋ/ | ә /ə/ | ԅ /ɾ/ |
Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs
| аа /aː/ | ай /ai/ | аў /au/ |
| ее /eː/ | ии /iː/ | ой /ɔi/ |
| оо /oː/ | уу /uː/ |
Word Classes and Morphology
Number and Gender
Number
Choizh distinguishes singular, dual and plural.
Gender
Choizh does not have genders or noun classes.
The Nominal Phrase
Nominal phrases in Choizh can be exemplified by the following example:
initial XML:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
<noun>woman</noun>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>knife</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
<adj>blind</adj>
<num>three</num>
<det>yon</det>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>woman</noun> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>knife</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> - <adj>blind</adj> - <num>three</num> - <det>yon</det> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module constorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> - <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="d͡z u ˈ m" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡zuˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ləŋaˈŋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="t͡s au ˈ x" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">t͡sauˈx</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t͡s i ˈ ɟ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡siˈɟ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="b u ˈ s" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">buˈs</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ iː ˈ b" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ʒiːˈb</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="h ə d" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">həd</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/m/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /m//x/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/b/ + /h/ > // + /b/
/x/ + /ɣ/ > // + /x/
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="d͡z u ˈ m" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡zuˈm</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ləŋaˈŋ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="t͡s au ˈ x" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">t͡sauˈx</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="d͡z u ˈ" underlying="d͡z u ˈ m">d͡zuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">məʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ">ləŋaˈŋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="t͡s au ˈ" underlying="t͡s au ˈ x">t͡sauˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t͡s i ˈ ɟ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡siˈɟ</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="b u ˈ s" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">buˈs</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ iː ˈ b" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ʒiːˈb</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="h ə d" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">həd</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t͡s i ˈ ɟ">t͡siˈɟ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="b u ˈ s">buˈs</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ iː ˈ" underlying="ʒ iː ˈ b">ʒiːˈ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="b ə d" underlying="h ə d">bəd</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="x ə t͡ɕ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">xət͡ɕ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="d͡z u ˈ" underlying="d͡z u ˈ m">d͡zuˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">məʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ">ləŋaˈŋ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="t͡s au ˈ" underlying="t͡s au ˈ x">t͡sauˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="t͡s i ˈ ɟ">t͡siˈɟ</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="b u ˈ s">buˈs</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ iː ˈ" underlying="ʒ iː ˈ b">ʒiːˈ</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="b ə d" underlying="h ə d">bəd</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="x ə t͡ɕ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">xət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" underlying="d͡z u ˈ m">d͡zuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">məʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ləŋaˈŋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" underlying="t͡s au ˈ x">t͡sauˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">t͡siˈɟ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">buˈs</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="ʒ iː ˈ b">ʒiːˈ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" underlying="h ə d">bəd</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">xət͡ɕ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈd͡zum</span><br><span class="gls">woman</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ləˈŋaŋ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMIT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡saux</span><br><span class="gls">knife</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfai</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡siɟ</span><br><span class="gls">yon</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbus</span><br><span class="gls">three</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒiːb</span><br><span class="gls">blind</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-həd</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zəˈcux</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɣət͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈd͡zuməʒ ləˈŋaŋ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈt͡saut͡ɕəʒ ˈfain ˈt͡siɟ ˈbus ˈʒiːbəd zəˈcuxət͡ɕ</p> + <p>жећ ѕумәж ләӈаӈ жећ цаўћәж файн циѓ бус жиибәд зәќухәћ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈd͡zum</o> + <g>woman</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ləˈŋaŋ</o> + <g>COMIT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡saux</o> + <g>knife</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfai</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡siɟ</o> + <g>yon</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbus</o> + <g>three</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒiːb</o> + <g>blind</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-həd</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zəˈcux</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɣət͡ɕ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ ѕумәж ләӈаӈ жећ цаўћәж файн циѓ бус жиибәд зәќухәћ. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈd͡zuməʒ ləˈŋaŋ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈt͡saut͡ɕəʒ ˈfain ˈt͡siɟ ˈbus ˈʒiːbəd zəˈcuxət͡ɕ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈd͡zum woman -t͡ɕəʒ sing ləˈŋaŋ COMIT ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈt͡saux knife -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈfai catch -ˈn PAST ˈt͡siɟ yon ˈbus three ˈʒiːb blind -həd NOM zəˈcux mouse -ɣət͡ɕ plur “The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.” | (1) |
In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.
There are no clitics in the nominal phrase.The Noun
The noun in Choizh consists of the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing number, comprising -ћәж /-t͡ɕəʒ/ ‘sing’, -зәф /-zəf/ ‘dual’ and -ғәћ /-ɣət͡ɕ/ ‘plur’.
The noun displays the following derivational morphology: 39 suffixes, namely -џәӈ /-d͡ʒəŋ/ ‘little’, -ѕәб /-d͡zəb/ ‘big’, -бәм /-bəm/ ‘old’, -јәг /-jəh/ ‘new’, -скәж /-skəʒ/ ‘good’, -бәѓ /-bəɟ/ ‘bad’, -ѕәґә /-d͡zəɡə/ ‘make’, -бәґә /-bəɡə/ ‘help’, -фәќә /-fəcə/ ‘have’, -бәмә /-bəmə/ ‘use’, -мәдә /-mədə/ ‘see’, -њәфә /-ɲəfə/ ‘break’, -жәќә /-ʒəcə/ ‘eat’, -ләцә /-lət͡sə/ ‘drink’, -кәћә /-kət͡ɕə/ ‘wear’, -ґәсә /-ɡəsə/ ‘own’, -хәќә /-xəcə/ ‘contain’, -ґәшкә /-ɡəʃkə/ ‘hold’, -њәхә /-ɲəxə/ ‘lack’, -сәцә /-sət͡sə/ ‘touch’, -ғәјә /-ɣəjə/ ‘carry’, -жәвә /-ʒəʋə/ ‘find’, -шќәќә /-ʃcəcə/ ‘hunt’, -ѕәӈә /-d͡zəŋə/ ‘guard’, -кәвә /-kəʋə/ ‘search’, -ғәскә /-ɣəskə/ ‘learn’, -мәџә /-məd͡ʒə/ ‘teach’, -зәѓә /-zəɟə/ ‘follow’, -фәбә /-fəbə/ ‘chase’, -сәғә /-səɣə/ ‘build’, -жәжә /-ʒəʒə/ ‘burn’, -цәшә /-t͡səʃə/ ‘hit’, -рәмә /-rəmə/ ‘take’, -цәњә /-t͡səɲə/ ‘cut’, -ғәрә /-ɣərə/ ‘hear’, -жәхә /-ʒəxə/ ‘know’, -мәшә /-məʃə/ ‘love’, -шкәњә /-ʃkəɲə/ ‘protect’ and -дәзә /-dəzə/ ‘possess’
The Adjective
In Choizh, the adjective has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing case, comprising -гәд /-həd/ ‘NOM’, -жәӈ /-ʒəŋ/ ‘GEN’, -њәц /-ɲət͡s/ ‘DAT’, -ѕәт /-d͡zət/ ‘INS’, -сќәѓ /-scəɟ/ ‘VOC’, -ѕәғ /-d͡zəɣ/ ‘ALL’, -мән /-mən/ ‘LOC’, -њәѓ /-ɲəɟ/ ‘ABL’ and -зәј /-zəj/ ‘PART’.
Numerals
The numeral in Choizh stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Determiners
The determiner in Choizh stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Pronouns
The pronoun in Choizh has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing number, comprising -ц /-ˈt͡s/ ‘sing’, -ѕ /-ˈd͡z/ ‘dual’ and -д /-ˈd/ ‘plur’.
In Choizh, subject pronouns (but not object pronouns ones) are dropped unless they are stressed. Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_verb_obj<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"> + <flat> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʃ ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">məʃə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/j/ + /m/ > // + /j//ə/ + /ˈ/ > /ə/ + /ˈ/
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<flat>
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word>
- <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʃ ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">məʃə</thingy>
- <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʃ ə" underlying="m ə ʃ ə">jəʃə</thingy>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʃ ə" underlying="m ə ʃ ə">jəʃə</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" underlying="m ə ʃ ə">jəʃə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈd͡ʒaij</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-məʃə</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈd͡ʒaijəˈʃəc</p> + <p>џайјәшәќ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈd͡ʒaij</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-məʃə</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Џайјәшәќ. [ˈd͡ʒaijəˈʃəc] ˈd͡ʒaij girl -məʃə love -ˈc PRES “He (the boy) loves her (the girl).” | (2) |
But here, the word corresponding to he (i.e., the subject) is stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_verb_obj<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for girl/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">joˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʃ ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">məʃə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//j/ + /m/ > // + /j/
/ə/ + /ˈ/ > /ə/ + /ˈ/
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">joˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʃ ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">məʃə</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʃ ə" underlying="m ə ʃ ə">jəʃə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʃ ə" underlying="m ə ʃ ə">jəʃə</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" underlying="m ə ʃ ə">jəʃə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjo</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈd͡ʒaij</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-məʃə</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈjot͡s ˈd͡ʒaijəˈʃəc</p> + <p>јоц џайјәшәќ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈjo</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈd͡ʒaij</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-məʃə</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Јоц џайјәшәќ. [ˈjot͡s ˈd͡ʒaijəˈʃəc] ˈjo 3.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈd͡ʒaij girl -məʃə love -ˈc PRES “He loves her.” | (3) |
Proper Nouns
initial XML:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>hate</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>NN1</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>NN2</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>hate</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>NN1</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>NN2</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> +<example id="loveprop" translation="Hasahkiny hates Khajog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Hasahkiny" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="h ə ʃ+k i ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həʃkiˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɡ ə f a ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">ɡəfaˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Khajog" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="x ə ɟ oː ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">xəɟoːˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ɲ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ɡ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="loveprop" translation="Hasahkiny hates Khajog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Hasahkiny" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="h ə ʃ+k i ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həʃkiˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɡ ə f a ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">ɡəfaˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Hasahkiny" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="h ə ʃ+k i ˈ" underlying="h ə ʃ+k i ˈ ɲ">həʃkiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɡ ə f a" underlying="ɡ ə f a ˈ">ɡəfa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Khajog" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="x ə ɟ oː ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">xəɟoːˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Khajog" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="x ə ɟ oː ˈ" underlying="x ə ɟ oː ˈ ɡ">xəɟoːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="loveprop" translation="Hasahkiny hates Khajog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Hasahkiny" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="h ə ʃ+k i ˈ" underlying="h ə ʃ+k i ˈ ɲ">həʃkiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɡ ə f a" underlying="ɡ ə f a ˈ">ɡəfa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Khajog" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" ph="x ə ɟ oː ˈ" underlying="x ə ɟ oː ˈ ɡ">xəɟoːˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Hasahkiny" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" underlying="h ə ʃ+k i ˈ ɲ">həʃkiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="ɡ ə f a ˈ">ɡəfa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Khajog" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" propernoun="yes" underlying="x ə ɟ oː ˈ ɡ">xəɟoːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həˈʃkiɲ</span><br><span class="gls">Hasahkiny</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡəˈfa</span><br><span class="gls">hate</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xəˈɟoːɡ</span><br><span class="gls">Khajog</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈʃkit͡ɕəʒ ɡəˈfac ˈʒet͡ɕ xəˈɟoːt͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>жећ Гәшкићәж ґәфаќ жећ Хәѓооћәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həˈʃkiɲ</o> + <g>Hasahkiny</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡəˈfa</o> + <g>hate</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xəˈɟoːɡ</o> + <g>Khajog</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ Гәшкићәж ґәфаќ жећ Хәѓооћәж. [ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈʃkit͡ɕəʒ ɡəˈfac ˈʒet͡ɕ xəˈɟoːt͡ɕəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the həˈʃkiɲ Hasahkiny -t͡ɕəʒ sing ɡəˈfa hate -ˈc PRES ˈʒet͡ɕ the xəˈɟoːɡ Khajog -t͡ɕəʒ sing “Hasahkiny hates Khajog.” | (4) |
Possession
initial XML:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d e ˈ n" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">deˈn</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/n/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /n//ɡ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d e ˈ n" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">deˈn</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d e ˈ" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d e ˈ" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈden</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həˈɟiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈdenəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>жећ денәж жећ гәѓићәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈden</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həˈɟiɡ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
жећ денәж жећ гәѓићәж [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈdenəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈden boy -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the həˈɟiɡ apple -t͡ɕəʒ sing “the boy’s apple” | (5) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">joˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ɡ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">joˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjo</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həˈɟiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈjot͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>јоц жећ гәѓићәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈjo</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həˈɟiɡ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
јоц жећ гәѓићәж [ˈjot͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ] ˈjo 3.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the həˈɟiɡ apple -t͡ɕəʒ sing “his (the boy’s) apple” | (6) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ɡ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈciː</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həˈɟiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈciːt͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>ќииц жећ гәѓићәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈciː</o> + <g>1excl.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həˈɟiɡ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ќииц жећ гәѓићәж [ˈciːt͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ] ˈciː 1excl.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the həˈɟiɡ apple -t͡ɕəʒ sing “my apple” | (7) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kiss</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>neighbour</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kiss</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>neighbour</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> - </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np role="subj" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np role="obj" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> - </np> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> </vp> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> - </np> </s> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">seˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ə ʃ ɔi ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">ʒəʃɔiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʋ ə ʋ e ˈ ʋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ʋəʋeˈʋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s+t eː ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">steːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ɣ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ɣ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ʋ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ɲ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">seˈɣ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ə ʃ ɔi ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">ʒəʃɔiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s e ˈ" underlying="s e ˈ ɣ">seˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ə ʃ ɔi" underlying="ʒ ə ʃ ɔi ˈ">ʒəʃɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʋ ə ʋ e ˈ ʋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ʋəʋeˈʋ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s+t eː ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">steːˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʋ ə ʋ e ˈ" underlying="ʋ ə ʋ e ˈ ʋ">ʋəʋeˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s+t eː ˈ" underlying="s+t eː ˈ ɲ">steːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s e ˈ" underlying="s e ˈ ɣ">seˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ə ʃ ɔi" underlying="ʒ ə ʃ ɔi ˈ">ʒəʃɔi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʋ ə ʋ e ˈ" underlying="ʋ ə ʋ e ˈ ʋ">ʋəʋeˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="s+t eː ˈ" underlying="s+t eː ˈ ɲ">steːˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="s e ˈ ɣ">seˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="ʒ ə ʃ ɔi ˈ">ʒəʃɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" underlying="ʋ ə ʋ e ˈ ʋ">ʋəʋeˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="s+t eː ˈ ɲ">steːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bəˈceɣ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈseɣ</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒəˈʃɔi</span><br><span class="gls">kiss</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsaː</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋəˈʋeʋ</span><br><span class="gls">neighbour</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsteːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈset͡ɕəʒ ʒəˈʃɔin ˈsaːt͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ ʋəˈʋet͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈsteːt͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>жећ бәќећәж жећ сећәж жәшойн саац жећ вәвећәж жећ стеећәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bəˈceɣ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈseɣ</o> + <g>daughter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒəˈʃɔi</o> + <g>kiss</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsaː</o> + <g>2.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋəˈʋeʋ</o> + <g>neighbour</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsteːɲ</o> + <g>son</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ бәќећәж жећ сећәж жәшойн саац жећ вәвећәж жећ стеећәж. [ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈset͡ɕəʒ ʒəˈʃɔin ˈsaːt͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ ʋəˈʋet͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈsteːt͡ɕəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the bəˈceɣ hunter -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈseɣ daughter -t͡ɕəʒ sing ʒəˈʃɔi kiss -ˈn PAST ˈsaː 2.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ʋəˈʋeʋ neighbour -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈsteːɲ son -t͡ɕəʒ sing “The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.” | (8) |
Derivation
initial XML:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
<noun>lamb</noun>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme"> - <noun>lamb</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <flat> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/d/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /d/<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">dəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">dəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">dəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾəˈʃaid</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ɾəˈʃaidəʒ</p> + <p>ԅәшайдәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɾəˈʃaid</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ԅәшайдәж [ɾəˈʃaidəʒ] ɾəˈʃaid lamb -t͡ɕəʒ sing “a lamb” | (9) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</example>module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> + </word> </np> </example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <flat> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <flat> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/d/ + /d͡ʒ/ > // + /d//ŋ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<flat>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <flat> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾəˈʃaid</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d͡ʒəŋ</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ɾəˈʃaidət͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>ԅәшайдәћәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɾəˈʃaid</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d͡ʒəŋ</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ԅәшайдәћәж [ɾəˈʃaidət͡ɕəʒ] ɾəˈʃaid lamb -d͡ʒəŋ little -t͡ɕəʒ sing “a little lamb” | (10) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</s>
</example>submodule transform_verb_obj
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"> + <flat> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> + <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">fəcə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/d/ + /d͡ʒ/ > // + /d//ŋ/ + /f/ > // + /f/
/ə/ + /ˈ/ > /ə/ + /ˈ/
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<flat>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy>
- <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">fəcə</thingy>
- <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy>
+ <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə">fəcə</thingy>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə">fəcə</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">fəcə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾəˈʃaid</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d͡ʒəŋ</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-fəcə</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɾəˈʃaidəfəˈcən</p> + <p>ԅәшайдәфәќән</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɾəˈʃaid</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d͡ʒəŋ</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-fəcə</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Ԅәшайдәфәќән. [ɾəˈʃaidəfəˈcən] ɾəˈʃaid lamb -d͡ʒəŋ little -fəcə have -ˈn PAST “She had a little lamb.” | (11) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>submodule transform_verb_obj
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>submodule transform_verb_verb
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
- </vp>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- </np>
- </subs>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"> + <flat> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> + <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">fəcə</thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ ə c ə" slots="Cms V2 Cms V2">ʋəcə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/d/ + /d͡ʒ/ > // + /d//ŋ/ + /f/ > // + /f/
/ə/ + /ʋ/ > /ə/ + /ʋ/
/ə/ + /ˈ/ > /ə/ + /ˈ/
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<flat>
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy>
- <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə" slots="Cmr V2 Cms V2">fəcə</thingy>
- <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ ə c ə" slots="Cms V2 Cms V2">ʋəcə</thingy>
- <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy>
+ <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə">fəcə</thingy>
+ <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ ə c ə">ʋəcə</thingy>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> - <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="f ə c ə">fəcə</thingy> - <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ ə c ə">ʋəcə</thingy> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> + <thingy gloss="have₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb">fəcə</thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb">ʋəcə</thingy> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾəˈʃaid</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d͡ʒəŋ</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-fəcə</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋəcə</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɾəˈʃaidəfəcəʋəˈcən</p> + <p>ԅәшайдәфәќәвәќән</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɾəˈʃaid</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d͡ʒəŋ</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-fəcə</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʋəcə</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Ԅәшайдәфәќәвәќән. [ɾəˈʃaidəfəcəʋəˈcən] ɾəˈʃaid lamb -d͡ʒəŋ little -fəcə have -ʋəcə want -ˈn PAST “She wanted to have a little lamb.” | (12) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
<adv>often</adv>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> - <adv>often</adv> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
submodule transform_adj
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲaːˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">kuːˈd</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">kaˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//d/ + /d͡ʒ/ > // + /d/
/ŋ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲaːˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">kuːˈd</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː" underlying="ɲ aː ˈ">ɲaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d">kuːˈd</word> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">kaˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a" underlying="k a ˈ">ka</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː" underlying="ɲ aː ˈ">ɲaː</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d">kuːˈd</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a" underlying="k a ˈ">ka</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="ɲ aː ˈ">ɲaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">kuːˈd</word> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="k a ˈ">ka</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɲaː</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkuːd</span><br><span class="gls">often</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾəˈʃaid</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d͡ʒəŋ</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈka</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈɲaːn ˈkuːd ɾəˈʃaidət͡ɕəʒ ˈkan</p> + <p>њаан кууд ԅәшайдәћәж кан</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈɲaː</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkuːd</o> + <g>often</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾəˈʃaid</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d͡ʒəŋ</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈka</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Њаан кууд ԅәшайдәћәж кан. [ˈɲaːn ˈkuːd ɾəˈʃaidət͡ɕəʒ ˈkan] ˈɲaː want -ˈn PAST ˈkuːd often ɾəˈʃaid lamb -d͡ʒəŋ little -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈka have -ˈn PAST “She often wanted to have a little lamb.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="yes" negation="yes">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>think</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
<adv>often</adv>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="yes" negation="yes"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>think</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> - <adv>often</adv> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
submodule transform_adj
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> </np> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="2"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> - </np> <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for think/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> - <s> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" number="sing"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k ə b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">kəb</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="j ə d͡ʒ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">jəd͡ʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="t oː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">toːˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="j o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">joˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲaːˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">kuːˈd</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">kaˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/d/ + /d͡ʒ/ > // + /d/
/ŋ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ʒaiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ai" underlying="ʒ ai ˈ">ʒai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k ə b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">kəb</thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="j ə d͡ʒ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">jəd͡ʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="t oː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">toːˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k ə b">kəb</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="j ə d͡ʒ">jəd͡ʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="t oː" underlying="t oː ˈ">toː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="j o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">joˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲaːˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">kuːˈd</word> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="j o" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː" underlying="ɲ aː ˈ">ɲaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d">kuːˈd</word> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɾəʃaiˈd</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ŋ" slots="Cmr V2 Cms">d͡ʒəŋ</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">kaˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a" underlying="k a ˈ">ka</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ʒ ai" underlying="ʒ ai ˈ">ʒai</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="k ə b">kəb</thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="j ə d͡ʒ">jəd͡ʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="t oː" underlying="t oː ˈ">toː</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="j o" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="ɲ aː" underlying="ɲ aː ˈ">ɲaː</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k uː ˈ d">kuːˈd</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="d ə" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a" underlying="k a ˈ">ka</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="ʒ ai ˈ">ʒai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">kəb</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ">jəd͡ʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" underlying="t oː ˈ">toː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" underlying="j o ˈ">jo</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" underlying="ɲ aː ˈ">ɲaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">kuːˈd</word> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" underlying="ɾ ə ʃ ai ˈ d">ɾəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="d͡ʒ ə ŋ">də</thingy> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="k a ˈ">ka</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒai</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kəb</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jəd͡ʒ</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈtoː</span><br><span class="gls">think</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjo</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɲaː</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkuːd</span><br><span class="gls">often</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾəˈʃaid</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d͡ʒəŋ</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈka</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒaic kəb jəd͡ʒ ˈtoːn ˈjot͡s ˈɲaːn ˈkuːd ɾəˈʃaidət͡ɕəʒ ˈkan</p> + <p>жайќ кәб јәџ тоон јоц њаан кууд ԅәшайдәћәж кан</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒai</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kəb</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jəd͡ʒ</o> + <g>2.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈtoː</o> + <g>think</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjo</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɲaː</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkuːd</o> + <g>often</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾəˈʃaid</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d͡ʒəŋ</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈka</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жайќ кәб јәџ тоон јоц њаан кууд ԅәшайдәћәж кан? [ˈʒaic kəb jəd͡ʒ ˈtoːn ˈjot͡s ˈɲaːn ˈkuːd ɾəˈʃaidət͡ɕəʒ ˈkan] ˈʒai be -ˈc PRES kəb NEG jəd͡ʒ 2.sing.SUBJ ˈtoː think -ˈn PAST ˈjo 3.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈɲaː want -ˈn PAST ˈkuːd often ɾəˈʃaid lamb -d͡ʒəŋ little -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈka have -ˈn PAST “Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?” | (14) |
Compounding
Verbs
Inflectional Categories
All verbal phrase clitics in Choizh are enclitics (placed finally), and there are four types: first, a clitic expressing mode, comprising њәњ /ɲəɲ/ ‘imperative’, кәс /kəs/ ‘conditional’ and ләғ /ləɣ/ ‘optative’; second, a clitic expressing voice, comprising цәх /t͡səx/ ‘passive’; third, a clitic expressing negation, comprising кәб /kəb/ ‘NEG’; and finally, fourth, a clitic expressing subj, comprising ћәв /t͡ɕəʋ/ ‘1incl.sing’, тәм /təm/ ‘1excl.sing’, јәџ /jəd͡ʒ/ ‘2.sing’, цәл /t͡səl/ ‘1incl.dual’, шәѕ /ʃəd͡z/ ‘1excl.dual’, сәм /səm/ ‘2.dual’, дәл /dəl/ ‘3.dual’, шәч /ʃət͡ʃ/ ‘1incl.plur’, ќәѕ /cəd͡z/ ‘1excl.plur’, ғәд /ɣəd/ ‘2.plur’ and ќәк /cək/ ‘3.plur’.
In addition, the verb is structured like this: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing ta, comprising -ќ /-ˈc/ ‘PRES’ and -н /-ˈn/ ‘PAST’.
The verb displays the following derivational morphology: 19 suffixes, namely -ләѓә /-ləɟə/ ‘begin’, -нәшә /-nəʃə/ ‘stop’, -сәшә /-səʃə/ ‘continue’, -њәзә /-ɲəzə/ ‘try’, -ғәѓә /-ɣəɟə/ ‘start’, -вәќә /-ʋəcə/ ‘want’, -ѕәсә /-d͡zəsə/ ‘can’, -јәбә /-jəbə/ ‘finish’, -ӈәрә /-ŋərə/ ‘need’, -шәвә /-ʃəʋə/ ‘decide’, -ѕәбә /-d͡zəbə/ ‘fail’, -фәѓә /-fəɟə/ ‘hope’, -ќәкә /-cəkə/ ‘must’, -фәзә /-fəzə/ ‘pretend’, -јәғә /-jəɣə/ ‘let’, -жәрә /-ʒərə/ ‘force’, -дәѕә /-dəd͡zə/ ‘keep’, -рәґә /-rəɡə/ ‘cause’ and -зәӈә /-zəŋə/ ‘allow’
initial XML:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> </np> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲauˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲauˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au" underlying="ɲ au ˈ">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au" underlying="ɲ au ˈ">ɲau</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" underlying="ɲ au ˈ">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">təm</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɲau</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">təm</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsaː</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈɲauc təm ˈsaːt͡s</p> + <p>њаўќ тәм саац</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈɲau</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>təm</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsaː</o> + <g>2.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Њаўќ тәм саац. [ˈɲauc təm ˈsaːt͡s] ˈɲau love -ˈc PRES təm 1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈsaː 2.sing -ˈt͡s sing “I love you.” | (15) |
Adverbs Minor Classes
Adpositions
There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.
initial XML:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>table</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>table</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + </np> + </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ɲ aː ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɲaːˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ i ˈ d͡z" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ʃiˈd͡z</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="z i ˈ c" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ziˈc</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/d͡z/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /d͡z//c/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /c/
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ɲ aː ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɲaːˈɡ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ i ˈ d͡z" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ʃiˈd͡z</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="z i ˈ c" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ziˈc</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ɲ aː ˈ ɡ">ɲaːˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ i ˈ" underlying="ʃ i ˈ d͡z">ʃiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d͡z ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">d͡zəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="z i ˈ" underlying="z i ˈ c">ziˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="c ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">cəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ɲ aː ˈ ɡ">ɲaːˈɡ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ i ˈ" underlying="ʃ i ˈ d͡z">ʃiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d͡z ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">d͡zəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="z i ˈ" underlying="z i ˈ c">ziˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="c ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">cəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">ɲaːˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ʃ i ˈ d͡z">ʃiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">d͡zəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" underlying="z i ˈ c">ziˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">cəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɲaːɡ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʃid͡z</span><br><span class="gls">table</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈzic</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈɲaːɡ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈʃid͡zəʒ ˈzicəʒ</p> + <p>њааґ жећ шиѕәж зиќәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈɲaːɡ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʃid͡z</o> + <g>table</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈzic</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
њааґ жећ шиѕәж зиќәж [ˈɲaːɡ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈʃid͡zəʒ ˈzicəʒ] ˈɲaːɡ in ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈʃid͡z table -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈzic surface -t͡ɕəʒ sing “on the table” | (16) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>box</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>box</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/> + <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + </np> + </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> - <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="n u ˈ t͡s" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">nuˈt͡s</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ ə l a ˈ b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ʃəlaˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ɡ i ˈ d͡ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ɡiˈd͡ʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/b/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /b//d͡ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /d͡ʒ/
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="n u ˈ t͡s" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">nuˈt͡s</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ ə l a ˈ b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ʃəlaˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ɡ i ˈ d͡ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">ɡiˈd͡ʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="n u ˈ t͡s">nuˈt͡s</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ ə l a ˈ" underlying="ʃ ə l a ˈ b">ʃəlaˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ɡ i ˈ" underlying="ɡ i ˈ d͡ʒ">ɡiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">d͡ʒəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="n u ˈ t͡s">nuˈt͡s</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ ə l a ˈ" underlying="ʃ ə l a ˈ b">ʃəlaˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="ɡ i ˈ" underlying="ɡ i ˈ d͡ʒ">ɡiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d͡ʒ ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">d͡ʒəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">nuˈt͡s</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ʃ ə l a ˈ b">ʃəlaˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" underlying="ɡ i ˈ d͡ʒ">ɡiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">d͡ʒəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">to</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃəˈlab</span><br><span class="gls">box</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡid͡ʒ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈnut͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ ʃəˈlabəʒ ˈɡid͡ʒəʒ</p> + <p>нуц жећ шәлабәж ґиџәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈnut͡s</o> + <g>to</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃəˈlab</o> + <g>box</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡid͡ʒ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
нуц жећ шәлабәж ґиџәж [ˈnut͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ ʃəˈlabəʒ ˈɡid͡ʒəʒ] ˈnut͡s to ˈʒet͡ɕ the ʃəˈlab box -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈɡid͡ʒ inside -t͡ɕəʒ sing “into the box” | (17) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatoryGot sing
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> - <pp role="comitative"> + <flat> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ləŋaˈŋ</word> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ləŋaˈŋ</word> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ">ləŋaˈŋ</word> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="l ə ŋ a ˈ ŋ">ləŋaˈŋ</word> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ləŋaˈŋ</word> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ləˈŋaŋ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMIT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈciː</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ləˈŋaŋ ˈciːt͡s</p> + <p>ләӈаӈ ќииц</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ləˈŋaŋ</o> + <g>COMIT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈciː</o> + <g>1excl.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ләӈаӈ ќииц [ləˈŋaŋ ˈciːt͡s] ləˈŋaŋ COMIT ˈciː 1excl.sing -ˈt͡s sing “with me” | (18) |
Syntax
Basic Clause Structure
Constituent Order
Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.
Choizh employs Subject–Verb–Object (SVO) as its basic word order. The subject is followed by the verb, with the object occurring in post-verbal position. This ordering is widely attested across the world’s languages.
The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Choizh.
initial XML:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">dənoːˈɟ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="j aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">jaːˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ɟ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ɣ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">dənoːˈɟ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="j aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">jaːˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d ə n oː ˈ" underlying="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ">dənoːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="j aː" underlying="j aː ˈ">jaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d ə n oː ˈ" underlying="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ">dənoːˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="j aː" underlying="j aː ˈ">jaː</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" underlying="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ">dənoːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="j aː ˈ">jaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dəˈnoːɟ</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaː</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bəˈceɣ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ dəˈnoːt͡ɕəʒ ˈjaːn ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>жећ дәнооћәж јаан жећ бәќећәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dəˈnoːɟ</o> + <g>jaguar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaː</o> + <g>kill</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bəˈceɣ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ дәнооћәж јаан жећ бәќећәж. [ˈʒet͡ɕ dəˈnoːt͡ɕəʒ ˈjaːn ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the dəˈnoːɟ jaguar -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈjaː kill -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the bəˈceɣ hunter -t͡ɕəʒ sing “The jaguar killed the hunter.” | (19) |
initial XML:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>dog</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>dog</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
- </np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɣət͡ɕaˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">koˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">seˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t ai ˈ l" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">taiˈl</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/s/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /s//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ɣ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ɣ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/l/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /l/
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɣət͡ɕaˈs</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">koˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s">ɣət͡ɕaˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="s ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">səʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k o" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">seˈɣ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t ai ˈ l" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">taiˈl</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s e ˈ" underlying="s e ˈ ɣ">seˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t ai ˈ" underlying="t ai ˈ l">taiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="l ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">ləʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s">ɣət͡ɕaˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="s ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">səʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k o" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s e ˈ" underlying="s e ˈ ɣ">seˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t ai ˈ" underlying="t ai ˈ l">taiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="l ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">ləʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s">ɣət͡ɕaˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">səʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" underlying="s e ˈ ɣ">seˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="t ai ˈ l">taiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">ləʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɣəˈt͡ɕas</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈko</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bəˈceɣ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈseɣ</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈtail</span><br><span class="gls">dog</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ɣəˈt͡ɕasəʒ ˈkon ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈset͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈtailəʒ</p> + <p>жећ ғәћасәж кон жећ бәќећәж жећ сећәж жећ тайләж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɣəˈt͡ɕas</o> + <g>lion</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈko</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bəˈceɣ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈseɣ</o> + <g>daughter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈtail</o> + <g>dog</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ ғәћасәж кон жећ бәќећәж жећ сећәж жећ тайләж. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ɣəˈt͡ɕasəʒ ˈkon ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈset͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈtailəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ɣəˈt͡ɕas lion -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈko eat -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the bəˈceɣ hunter -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈseɣ daughter -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈtail dog -t͡ɕəʒ sing “The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.” | (20) |
The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.
Noun Phrases
Structure and Order
The internal structure of noun phrases in Choizh reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.
Possessive constructions are head-final: the possessor precedes the possessed noun. For example, Choizh expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “child toy”. This ordering is found in many SOV and postpositional languages and aligns with a broader tendency towards modifier-first structures.
initial XML:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>friend</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>book</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>friend</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>book</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2"> + <flat> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s+t eː ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">steːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="c ɔi ˈ m" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">cɔiˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʃ ə h oː h" slots="C V C V C">ʃəhoːh</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ɲ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/m/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /m/
/h/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /h/
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s+t eː ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">steːˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="c ɔi ˈ m" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">cɔiˈm</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʃ ə h oː h" slots="C V C V C">ʃəhoːh</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s+t eː ˈ" underlying="s+t eː ˈ ɲ">steːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="c ɔi ˈ" underlying="c ɔi ˈ m">cɔiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">məʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʃ ə h oː" underlying="ʃ ə h oː h">ʃəhoː</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="h ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">həʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="s+t eː ˈ" underlying="s+t eː ˈ ɲ">steːˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="c ɔi ˈ" underlying="c ɔi ˈ m">cɔiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="m ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">məʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" ph="ʃ ə h oː" underlying="ʃ ə h oː h">ʃəhoː</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="h ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">həʒ</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" underlying="s+t eː ˈ ɲ">steːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" underlying="c ɔi ˈ m">cɔiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">məʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="ʃ ə h oː h">ʃəhoː</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">həʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsaː</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsteːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈcɔim</span><br><span class="gls">friend</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃəhoːh</span><br><span class="gls">book</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈsaːt͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈsteːt͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈcɔiməʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ʃəhoːhəʒ</p> + <p>саац жећ стеећәж жећ ќоймәж жећ шәгоогәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈsaː</o> + <g>2.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsteːɲ</o> + <g>son</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈcɔim</o> + <g>friend</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃəhoːh</o> + <g>book</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
саац жећ стеећәж жећ ќоймәж жећ шәгоогәж [ˈsaːt͡s ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈsteːt͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈcɔiməʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ʃəhoːhəʒ] ˈsaː 2.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈsteːɲ son -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈcɔim friend -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ʃəhoːh book -t͡ɕəʒ sing “your son’s friend’s book” | (21) |
Case Marking
Choizh does not use case marking to distinguish the core participants of the clause. There is therefore no regular nominative, accusative, ergative, active or stative marking on subjects and objects. Instead, the roles of the participants are identified by other means, cf. the examples below.
initial XML:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<verb>sleep</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-state"> - <verb>sleep</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="l eː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">leːˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="l eː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">leːˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="l eː" underlying="l eː ˈ">leː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="l eː" underlying="l eː ˈ">leː</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" underlying="l eː ˈ">leː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈleː</span><br><span class="gls">sleep</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ ˈleːc</p> + <p>жећ мићәж лееќ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈleː</o> + <g>sleep</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ мићәж лееќ. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ ˈleːc] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈleː sleep -ˈc PRES “The cat is sleeping.” | (22) |
initial XML:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont">
<verb>run</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont"> - <verb>run</verb> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+ <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡z uː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">d͡zuːˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡z uː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">d͡zuːˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡z uː" underlying="d͡z uː ˈ">d͡zuː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="d͡z uː" underlying="d͡z uː ˈ">d͡zuː</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" underlying="d͡z uː ˈ">d͡zuː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈd͡zuː</span><br><span class="gls">run</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ ˈd͡zuːc</p> + <p>жећ мићәж ѕууќ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈd͡zuː</o> + <g>run</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ мићәж ѕууќ. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ ˈd͡zuːc] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈd͡zuː run -ˈc PRES “The cat is running.” | (23) |
initial XML:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont">
<verb>chase</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont"> - <verb>chase</verb> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+ <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="d ə ɣ a ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">dəɣaˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/x/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="d ə ɣ a ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">dəɣaˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="d ə ɣ a" underlying="d ə ɣ a ˈ">dəɣa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="d ə ɣ a" underlying="d ə ɣ a ˈ">dəɣa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="d ə ɣ a ˈ">dəɣa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dəˈɣa</span><br><span class="gls">chase</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zəˈcux</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ dəˈɣac ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>жећ мићәж дәғаќ жећ зәќућәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dəˈɣa</o> + <g>chase</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zəˈcux</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ мићәж дәғаќ жећ зәќућәж. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ dəˈɣac ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing dəˈɣa chase -ˈc PRES ˈʒet͡ɕ the zəˈcux mouse -t͡ɕəʒ sing “The cat is chasing the mouse.” | (24) |
initial XML:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/x/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfai</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zəˈcux</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ ˈfain ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>жећ мићәж файн жећ зәќућәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfai</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zəˈcux</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ мићәж файн жећ зәќућәж. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ ˈfain ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈfai catch -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the zəˈcux mouse -t͡ɕəʒ sing “The cat caught the mouse.” | (25) |
Conjunctions
Here is an example of a conjunction.
initial XML:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>tiger</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>tiger</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flattenconjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="j aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">jaːˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">dənoːˈɟ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɡaˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʃ ə ʃ ai ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ʃəʃaiˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɡaˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɣət͡ɕaˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ɣ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ɟ/ + /ɣ/ > // + /ɟ/
/ɲ/ + /ɣ/ > // + /ɣ/
/s/ + /ɣ/ > // + /s/
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ ɣ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">bəceˈɣ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="j aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">jaːˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="j aː" underlying="j aː ˈ">jaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">dənoːˈɟ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɡaˈʃ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʃ ə ʃ ai ˈ ɲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ʃəʃaiˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɡaˈʃ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">ɣət͡ɕaˈs</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="d ə n oː ˈ" underlying="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ">dənoːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɟ ə t͡ɕ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">ɟət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ">ɡaˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʃ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ʃ ə ʃ ai ˈ ɲ">ʃəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ">ɡaˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s">ɣət͡ɕaˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="s ə t͡ɕ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">sət͡ɕ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b ə c e ˈ" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="j aː" underlying="j aː ˈ">jaː</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="d ə n oː ˈ" underlying="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ">dənoːˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɟ ə t͡ɕ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">ɟət͡ɕ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ">ɡaˈʃ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʃ ə ʃ ai ˈ" underlying="ʃ ə ʃ ai ˈ ɲ">ʃəʃaiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡ a ˈ ʃ">ɡaˈʃ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" ph="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s">ɣət͡ɕaˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="s ə t͡ɕ" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">sət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" underlying="b ə c e ˈ ɣ">bəceˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" underlying="j aː ˈ">jaː</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" underlying="d ə n oː ˈ ɟ">dənoːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">ɟət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɡaˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" underlying="ʃ ə ʃ ai ˈ ɲ">ʃəʃaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ɣət͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɡaˈʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ a ˈ s">ɣət͡ɕaˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="ɣ ə t͡ɕ">sət͡ɕ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bəˈceɣ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaː</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dəˈnoːɟ</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɣət͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃəˈʃaiɲ</span><br><span class="gls">tiger</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɣət͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɣəˈt͡ɕas</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɣət͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ ˈjaːn ˈʒet͡ɕ dəˈnoːɟət͡ɕ ˈɡaʃ ˈʒet͡ɕ ʃəˈʃaiɣət͡ɕ ˈɡaʃ ˈʒet͡ɕ ɣəˈt͡ɕasət͡ɕ</p> + <p>жећ бәќећәж јаан жећ дәнооѓәћ ґаш жећ шәшайғәћ ґаш жећ ғәћасәћ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bəˈceɣ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaː</o> + <g>kill</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dəˈnoːɟ</o> + <g>jaguar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɣət͡ɕ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡaʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃəˈʃaiɲ</o> + <g>tiger</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɣət͡ɕ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡaʃ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɣəˈt͡ɕas</o> + <g>lion</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɣət͡ɕ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ бәќећәж јаан жећ дәнооѓәћ ґаш жећ шәшайғәћ ґаш жећ ғәћасәћ. [ˈʒet͡ɕ bəˈcet͡ɕəʒ ˈjaːn ˈʒet͡ɕ dəˈnoːɟət͡ɕ ˈɡaʃ ˈʒet͡ɕ ʃəˈʃaiɣət͡ɕ ˈɡaʃ ˈʒet͡ɕ ɣəˈt͡ɕasət͡ɕ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the bəˈceɣ hunter -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈjaː kill -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the dəˈnoːɟ jaguar -ɣət͡ɕ plur ˈɡaʃ and ˈʒet͡ɕ the ʃəˈʃaiɲ tiger -ɣət͡ɕ plur ˈɡaʃ and ˈʒet͡ɕ the ɣəˈt͡ɕas lion -ɣət͡ɕ plur “The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.” | (26) |
Modifiers and Determiners
The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Choizh provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.
Complex Sentences
Relative Clauses
Choizh forms relative clauses by placing them before the noun they modify. The modifier takes the form of a finite clause that precedes the head noun without any relative pronoun. The clause shows ordinary clausal structure, with the role of the head noun recoverable from the syntactic position inside the clause.
To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:
initial XML:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">təm</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kəˈlo</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">təm</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>kəˈlon təm ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>кәлон тәм жећ мићәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kəˈlo</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>təm</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Кәлон тәм жећ мићәж. [kəˈlon təm ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ] kəˈlo pat -ˈn PAST təm 1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing “I patted the cat.” | (27) |
We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:
initial XML:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/x/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kəˈlo</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">təm</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfai</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zəˈcux</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>kəˈlon təm ˈfain ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>кәлон тәм файн жећ зәќућәж жећ мићәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kəˈlo</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>təm</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfai</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zəˈcux</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Кәлон тәм файн жећ зәќућәж жећ мићәж. [kəˈlon təm ˈfain ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ] kəˈlo pat -ˈn PAST təm 1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈfai catch -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the zəˈcux mouse -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing “I patted the cat that caught the mouse.” | (28) |
Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:
initial XML:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">koˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə b e ˈ b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həbeˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/b/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /b/
/x/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">koˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k o" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə b e ˈ b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həbeˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə b e ˈ" underlying="h ə b e ˈ b">həbeˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="k o" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə b e ˈ" underlying="h ə b e ˈ b">həbeˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="h ə b e ˈ b">həbeˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kəˈlo</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">təm</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfai</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈko</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həˈbeb</span><br><span class="gls">cheese</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zəˈcux</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>kəˈlon təm ˈfain ˈkon ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈbebəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>кәлон тәм файн кон жећ гәбебәж жећ зәќућәж жећ мићәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kəˈlo</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>təm</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfai</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈko</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həˈbeb</o> + <g>cheese</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zəˈcux</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Кәлон тәм файн кон жећ гәбебәж жећ зәќућәж жећ мићәж. [kəˈlon təm ˈfain ˈkon ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈbebəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ] kəˈlo pat -ˈn PAST təm 1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈfai catch -ˈn PAST ˈko eat -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the həˈbeb cheese -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the zəˈcux mouse -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.” | (29) |
Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:
initial XML:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>buy</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>buy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" person="1excl">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
- </np>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">koˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j ɔi ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">jɔiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="h ə b e ˈ b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həbeˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/b/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /b/
/x/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ʒ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k ə l o ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">kəloˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">təm</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="f ai ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">faiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k o ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">koˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k o" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j ɔi ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">jɔiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j ɔi" underlying="j ɔi ˈ">jɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="h ə b e ˈ b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həbeˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="z ə c u ˈ x" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">zəcuˈx</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="m i ˈ ʒ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">miˈʒ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="h ə b e ˈ" underlying="h ə b e ˈ b">həbeˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k ə l o" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="t ə m">təm</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="f ai" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="k o" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="j ɔi" underlying="j ɔi ˈ">jɔi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="h ə b e ˈ" underlying="h ə b e ˈ b">həbeˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="z ə c u ˈ" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" ph="m i ˈ" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" underlying="k ə l o ˈ">kəlo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">təm</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" underlying="f ai ˈ">fai</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" underlying="k o ˈ">ko</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="j ɔi ˈ">jɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" underlying="h ə b e ˈ b">həbeˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">bəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" underlying="z ə c u ˈ x">zəcuˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" person="1excl" underlying="m i ˈ ʒ">miˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kəˈlo</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">təm</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfai</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈko</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈciː</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjɔi</span><br><span class="gls">buy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həˈbeb</span><br><span class="gls">cheese</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zəˈcux</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈmiʒ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>kəˈlon təm ˈfain ˈkon ˈciːt͡s ˈjɔin ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈbebəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>кәлон тәм файн кон ќииц јойн жећ гәбебәж жећ зәќућәж жећ мићәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kəˈlo</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>təm</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfai</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈko</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈciː</o> + <g>1excl.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjɔi</o> + <g>buy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həˈbeb</o> + <g>cheese</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zəˈcux</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈmiʒ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Кәлон тәм файн кон ќииц јойн жећ гәбебәж жећ зәќућәж жећ мићәж. [kəˈlon təm ˈfain ˈkon ˈciːt͡s ˈjɔin ˈʒet͡ɕ həˈbebəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ zəˈcut͡ɕəʒ ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈmit͡ɕəʒ] kəˈlo pat -ˈn PAST təm 1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈfai catch -ˈn PAST ˈko eat -ˈn PAST ˈciː 1excl.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈjɔi buy -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the həˈbeb cheese -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the zəˈcux mouse -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈmiʒ cat -t͡ɕəʒ sing “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.” | (30) |
Complementation Strategies
Choizh forms complement clauses by nominalising the embedded verb. The nominalised form lacks finite verbal categories and behaves as a noun phrase. Subjects of nominalised clauses occur in the genitive case, and the nominalised verb establishes the semantic content of the complement.
The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:
initial XML:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>surprise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>give</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
<noun>teacher</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>surprise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>give</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </subs> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj"> - <noun>teacher</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> - </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np role="subj" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj"> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </subs> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> </np> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj"> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </subs> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> </np> </s> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ n" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">deˈn</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="h ɔi ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">hɔiˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="l ə b a ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">ləbaˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="s ə ʃ aː ŋ" slots="C V C V C">səʃaːŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/n/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /n//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/j/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /j/
/ɡ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ŋ/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ n" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">deˈn</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="h ɔi ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">hɔiˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="h ɔi" underlying="h ɔi ˈ">hɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr">həɟiˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="l ə b a ˈ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">ləbaˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">jəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="l ə b a" underlying="l ə b a ˈ">ləba</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="s ə ʃ aː ŋ" slots="C V C V C">səʃaːŋ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="s ə ʃ aː" underlying="s ə ʃ aː ŋ">səʃaː</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="h ɔi" underlying="h ɔi ˈ">hɔi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">jəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" ph="h ə ɟ i ˈ" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="l ə b a" underlying="l ə b a ˈ">ləba</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="s ə ʃ aː" underlying="s ə ʃ aː ŋ">səʃaː</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" underlying="h ɔi ˈ">hɔi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">jəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="h ə ɟ i ˈ ɡ">həɟiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" underlying="l ə b a ˈ">ləba</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" underlying="s ə ʃ aː ŋ">səʃaː</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈden</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhɔi</span><br><span class="gls">give</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈd͡ʒaij</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">həˈɟiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ləˈba</span><br><span class="gls">surprise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">səʃaːŋ</span><br><span class="gls">teacher</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈdenəʒ ˈhɔin ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈd͡ʒaijəʒ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ ləˈban ˈʒet͡ɕ səʃaːt͡ɕəʒ</p> + <p>жећ денәж гойн жећ џайјәж гәѓићәж ләбан жећ сәшааћәж</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈden</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhɔi</o> + <g>give</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈd͡ʒaij</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>həˈɟiɡ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ləˈba</o> + <g>surprise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>səʃaːŋ</o> + <g>teacher</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ денәж гойн жећ џайјәж гәѓићәж ләбан жећ сәшааћәж. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈdenəʒ ˈhɔin ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈd͡ʒaijəʒ həˈɟit͡ɕəʒ ləˈban ˈʒet͡ɕ səʃaːt͡ɕəʒ] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈden boy -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈhɔi give -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈd͡ʒaij girl -t͡ɕəʒ sing həˈɟiɡ apple -t͡ɕəʒ sing ləˈba surprise -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the səʃaːŋ teacher -t͡ɕəʒ sing “It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.” | (31) |
Quotes
Choizh expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.
Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:
initial XML:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>tell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<subs>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>tell</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <subs> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </subs> </np> </np> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> </s> </example>
Warning: Undefined array key "ergativity" in /home/u338028385/domains/languagecreator.org/public_html/branches/0.92/SyntaxGenerator.php on line 335
Strange ergativity value:
Strange ergativity value:
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing" person="1excl">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing" person="1excl">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="sing" person="1excl">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" tr="rheme" person="1excl">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" tr="rheme" person="1excl">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" person="1excl" tr="rheme"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" person="2"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ n" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">deˈn</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="z e ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">zeˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲauˈ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/n/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /n//ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/j/ + /t͡ɕ/ > // + /j/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
/ˈ/ + /ˈ/ > // + /ˈ/
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ n" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">deˈn</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="z e ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">zeˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="z e" underlying="z e ˈ">ze</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr">d͡ʒaiˈj</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ ə ʒ" slots="Cmr V2 Cfs">t͡ɕəʒ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" ph="c iː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ciːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">ɲauˈ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈc</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">jəʒ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au" underlying="ɲ au ˈ">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː ˈ" slots="Cir V1 T1">saːˈ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s" slots="T1 Cfs">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="d e ˈ" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="z e" underlying="z e ˈ">ze</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ n">ˈn</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="ʒ e ˈ t͡ɕ">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" ph="d͡ʒ ai ˈ" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="j ə ʒ" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">jəʒ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" ph="c iː" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="ɲ au" underlying="ɲ au ˈ">ɲau</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ c">ˈc</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" ph="s aː" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ˈ t͡s">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" underlying="d e ˈ n">deˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">nəʒ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" underlying="z e ˈ">ze</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ˈn</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">ʒeˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" underlying="d͡ʒ ai ˈ j">d͡ʒaiˈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ ə ʒ">jəʒ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" tr="rheme" underlying="c iː ˈ">ciː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" underlying="ɲ au ˈ">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ˈc</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="s aː ˈ">saː</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ˈt͡s</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈden</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈze</span><br><span class="gls">tell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈn</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʒet͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈd͡ʒaij</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ɕəʒ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈciː</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɲau</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈc</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈsaː</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ˈt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈdenəʒ ˈzen ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈd͡ʒaijəʒ ˈciːt͡s ˈɲauc ˈsaːt͡s</p> + <p>жећ денәж зен жећ џайјәж ќииц њаўќ саац</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈden</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈze</o> + <g>tell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈn</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʒet͡ɕ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈd͡ʒaij</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ɕəʒ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈciː</o> + <g>1excl.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɲau</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈc</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈsaː</o> + <g>2.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ˈt͡s</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Жећ денәж зен жећ џайјәж ќииц њаўќ саац. [ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈdenəʒ ˈzen ˈʒet͡ɕ ˈd͡ʒaijəʒ ˈciːt͡s ˈɲauc ˈsaːt͡s] ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈden boy -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈze tell -ˈn PAST ˈʒet͡ɕ the ˈd͡ʒaij girl -t͡ɕəʒ sing ˈciː 1excl.sing -ˈt͡s sing ˈɲau love -ˈc PRES ˈsaː 2.sing -ˈt͡s sing “The boy told the girl that he loved her.” | (32) |
How to cite this grammar
Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Choizh. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 11 July 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/6B0ND
In BibTeX format:
@misc{LC-6B0ND,
year = 2026,
author = {{Language Creator}},
title = {A Grammar of {Choizh}},
howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/6B0ND}},
note = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 11 July 2026}
}
Supplementary Materials
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