A Collection of Texts in Idad
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.11">
+ <np def="def" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.11"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.11"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.11"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.11"/> </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="cl.11"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.11"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - </pp> - </np> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.11"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="uː dˤ i">uːdˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ɡ a ˈ ɾ">ɡaˈɾ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ai ˈ ɓ">aiˈɓ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="ᵑǀ u ˈ t">ᵑǀuˈt</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="əː ˈ ŋ">əːˈŋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.11" ph="a ˈ ʋ">aˈʋ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="j au ˈ nˤ">jauˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="j au ˈ nˤ">jauˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="i ˈ nˤ i ɓ u n">iˈnˤiɓun</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="uː dˤ i">uːdˤi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ɡ a ˈ ɾ">ɡaˈɾ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ai ˈ ɓ">aiˈɓ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ">t͡ʃ</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="ᵑǀ u ˈ t">ᵑǀuˈt</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="əː ˈ ŋ">əːˈŋ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.11" ph="a ˈ ʋ">aˈʋ</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="j au ˈ nˤ">jauˈnˤ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="j au ˈ nˤ">jauˈnˤ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj" ph="i ˈ nˤ i ɓ u n">iˈnˤiɓun</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">uːdˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">ɡaˈɾ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">aiˈɓ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">ᵑǀuˈt</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">əːˈŋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.2">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="cl.11">aˈʋ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">buˈnˤ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">jauˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">aːˈk</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">kʼuˈj</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">jauˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="obj">iˈnˤiɓun</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">uːdˤi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡaɾ</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaiɓ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-t͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀut</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈəːŋ</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">cl.2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaʋ</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːk</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈinˤiɓun</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span></p> + <p>fuːdˤiɓuhud ˈɡaɾ ˈkʼaiɓ ˈfəːt͡ʃ ˈᵑǀut ˈkʼəːŋ ˈfəːf ˈkʼaʋ ˈbunˤ ˈjaunˤ ˈkʼaːk ˈkʼuj ˈjaunˤ ˈkʼinˤiɓun</p> + <p>фуудъиб̱угуд ґар кайб̱ фәәч ҁнут кәәӈ фәәф кав бунъ јаўнъ каак куј јаўнъ кинъиб̱ун</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>uːdˤi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡaɾ</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaiɓ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-t͡ʃ</o> + <g>cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀut</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈəːŋ</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>cl.2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaʋ</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbunˤ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaunˤ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːk</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼuj</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaunˤ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈinˤiɓun</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фуудъиб̱угуд ґар кайб̱ фәәч ҁнут кәәӈ фәәф кав бунъ јаўнъ каак куј јаўнъ кинъиб̱ун. [fuːdˤiɓuhud ˈɡaɾ ˈkʼaiɓ ˈfəːt͡ʃ ˈᵑǀut ˈkʼəːŋ ˈfəːf ˈkʼaʋ ˈbunˤ ˈjaunˤ ˈkʼaːk ˈkʼuj ˈjaunˤ ˈkʼinˤiɓun] f- not.Q uːdˤi have -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈɡaɾ all kʼ- ABS ˈaiɓ human being ˈfəː the -t͡ʃ cl.3 ˈᵑǀut whole kʼ- ABS ˈəːŋ earth ˈfəː the -f cl.2 kʼ- ABS ˈaʋ surface ˈbunˤ in ˈjaunˤ one kʼ- ABS ˈaːk language ˈkʼuj and ˈjaunˤ one kʼ- ABS ˈinˤiɓun dialect “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.8
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.8"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> </pp> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.8"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - </np> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.8"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u t͡ʃ u ˈ d u">ut͡ʃuˈdu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8" ph="aː ˈ ɓ">aːˈɓ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.8" attach="suffix" ph="p">p</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="h ai ˈ tˤ">haiˈtˤ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u t͡ʃ u ˈ d u">ut͡ʃuˈdu</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8" ph="aː ˈ ɓ">aːˈɓ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.8" attach="suffix" ph="p">p</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="h ai ˈ tˤ">haiˈtˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ut͡ʃuˈdu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8">aːˈɓ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.8">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.8">p</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">haiˈtˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈut͡ʃudu</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːɓ</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-p</span><br><span class="gls">cl.8</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaj</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhaitˤ</span><br><span class="gls">from</span></span></p> + <p>fuˈt͡ʃuduɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːɓ ˈfəːp ˈkʼaj ˈhaitˤ</p> + <p>фучудуб̱угуд бууњ кааб̱ фәәп кај гайтъ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈut͡ʃudu</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːɓ</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-p</o> + <g>cl.8</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaj</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhaitˤ</o> + <g>from</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фучудуб̱угуд бууњ кааб̱ фәәп кај гайтъ. [fuˈt͡ʃuduɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːɓ ˈfəːp ˈkʼaj ˈhaitˤ] f- not.Q ˈut͡ʃudu journey -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 kʼ- ABS ˈaːɓ east ˈfəː the -p cl.8 kʼ- ABS ˈaj inside ˈhaitˤ from “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.2"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.11
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.2"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> </pp> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.2"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i dˤ a">idˤa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11" ph="ʋ ə ˈ m">ʋəˈm</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11" ph="aː ˈ ɡ a ɾ i b">aːˈɡaɾib</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="a ˈ ɡ">aˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i dˤ a">idˤa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11" ph="ʋ ə ˈ m">ʋəˈm</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11" ph="aː ˈ ɡ a ɾ i b">aːˈɡaɾib</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="a ˈ ɡ">aˈɡ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">idˤa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">buːˈɲ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11">ʋəˈm</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11">aːˈɡaɾib</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.11">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="cl.2">aˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.2">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.2">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">buˈnˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">idˤa</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋəm</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːɡaɾib</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɗˤi</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˤ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.11</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɗˤi</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">cl.2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaj</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ˈkʼuj fidˤaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈʋəm ˈkʼaːɡaɾib ˈɗˤidˤ ˈkʼaɡ ˈɗˤif ˈkʼaj ˈbunˤ</p> + <p>куј фидъаб̱угуд бууњ вәм кааґариб д̱ъидъ каґ д̱ъиф кај бунъ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼuj</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>idˤa</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋəm</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːɡaɾib</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɗˤi</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dˤ</o> + <g>cl.11</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaɡ</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɗˤi</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>cl.2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaj</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbunˤ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Куј фидъаб̱угуд бууњ вәм кааґариб д̱ъидъ каґ д̱ъиф кај бунъ. [ˈkʼuj fidˤaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈʋəm ˈkʼaːɡaɾib ˈɗˤidˤ ˈkʼaɡ ˈɗˤif ˈkʼaj ˈbunˤ] ˈkʼuj and f- not.Q idˤa find -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 ˈʋəm wide kʼ- ABS ˈaːɡaɾib plain ˈɗˤi a -dˤ cl.11 kʼ- ABS ˈaɡ land ˈɗˤi a -f cl.2 kʼ- ABS ˈaj inside ˈbunˤ in “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ a kʼ u ˈ j">t͡ʃakʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ai f a ˈ k a">aifaˈka</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɗˤ iː ˈ j">ɗˤiːˈj</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ a kʼ u ˈ j">t͡ʃakʼuˈj</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ai f a ˈ k a">aifaˈka</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="ɗˤ iː ˈ j">ɗˤiːˈj</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">t͡ʃakʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">aifaˈka</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ABS">buːˈɲ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">ɗˤiːˈj</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaifaka</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɗˤiːj</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>t͡ʃaˈkʼuj faiˈfakaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈɗˤiːj</p> + <p>чакуј файфакаб̱угуд бууњ д̱ъииј</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaˈkʼuj</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaifaka</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɗˤiːj</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Чакуј файфакаб̱угуд бууњ д̱ъииј. [t͡ʃaˈkʼuj faiˈfakaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈɗˤiːj] t͡ʃaˈkʼuj thus f- not.Q ˈaifaka dwell -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 ˈɗˤiːj there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
- </vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ </vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
- </vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ </vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
- <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" person="1incl">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj" person="1incl">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
- <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj" person="1incl">
+ <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" person="1incl">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj" person="1incl">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj" person="1incl">
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> </vp> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> </vp> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/mode/obligatory
Got imperative
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/mode/obligatory
Got imperative
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> </np> <subs> <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - </np> - <subs> - <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" role="owned" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - </np> - <subs> - <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> - </subs> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ʋ a">iʋa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4" ph="ai ˈ ɲ i b u dˤ">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4" ph="i dˤ i">idˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="a k">ak</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4" ph="ai ˈ ɲ i b u dˤ">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4" ph="ə t i">əti</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="a k">ak</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="b a ɗˤ i ˈ nˤ">baɗˤiˈnˤ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i ʋ a">iʋa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4" ph="ai ˈ ɲ i b u dˤ">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4" ph="i dˤ i">idˤi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="a k">ak</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4" ph="ai ˈ ɲ i b u dˤ">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4" ph="ə t i">əti</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative" attach="suffix" ph="a k">ak</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="b a ɗˤ i ˈ nˤ">baɗˤiˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">iʋa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">buːˈɲ</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">idˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative">ak</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">kʼuˈj</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.4">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.4">əti</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="imperative">ak</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly">baɗˤiˈnˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">iʋa</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀaːj</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaiɲibudˤ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">idˤi</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˤ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ak</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀaːj</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaiɲibudˤ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">əti</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˤ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ak</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">baˈɗˤinˤ</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>fiʋaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaiɲibudˤ fidˤidˤakud ˈkʼuj ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaiɲibudˤ fətidˤakud baˈɗˤinˤ</p> + <p>фиваб̱угуд бууњ ҁнаај кайњибудъ фидъидъакуд куј ҁнаај кайњибудъ фәтидъакуд бад̱ъинъ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>iʋa</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀaːj</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaiɲibudˤ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>idˤi</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dˤ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ak</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼuj</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀaːj</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaiɲibudˤ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>əti</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dˤ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ak</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>baˈɗˤinˤ</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фиваб̱угуд бууњ ҁнаај кайњибудъ фидъидъакуд куј ҁнаај кайњибудъ фәтидъакуд бад̱ъинъ. [fiʋaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaiɲibudˤ fidˤidˤakud ˈkʼuj ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaiɲibudˤ fətidˤakud baˈɗˤinˤ] f- not.Q iʋa say -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 ˈᵑǀaːj 1incl kʼ- ABS ˈaiɲibudˤ brick f- not.Q idˤi make -dˤ PRES -ak imperative -u active -d POS ˈkʼuj and ˈᵑǀaːj 1incl kʼ- ABS ˈaiɲibudˤ brick f- not.Q əti burn -dˤ PRES -ak imperative -u active -d POS baˈɗˤinˤ thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.4"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.4"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="uː dˤ i">uːdˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="ai ˈ ɲ i b u dˤ">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="iː ˈ ŋ">iːˈŋ</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a ˈ k">ɾiɾaˈk</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="uː dˤ i">uːdˤi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="ai ˈ ɲ i b u dˤ">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="iː ˈ ŋ">iːˈŋ</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a ˈ k">ɾiɾaˈk</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">uːdˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">aiˈɲibudˤ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="cl.4">iːˈŋ</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">ɾiɾaˈk</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">uːdˤi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaiɲibudˤ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiːŋ</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾiˈɾak</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>fuːdˤiɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaiɲibudˤ ˈkʼiːŋ ɾiˈɾak</p> + <p>фуудъиб̱угуд бууњ кайњибудъ кииӈ рирак</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>uːdˤi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaiɲibudˤ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiːŋ</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾiˈɾak</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фуудъиб̱угуд бууњ кайњибудъ кииӈ рирак. [fuːdˤiɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaiɲibudˤ ˈkʼiːŋ ɾiˈɾak] f- not.Q uːdˤi have -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 kʼ- ABS ˈaiɲibudˤ brick kʼ- ABS ˈiːŋ stone ɾiˈɾak PURP “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.8"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.8"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.8"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="cl.8"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="uː dˤ i">uːdˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" ph="aː ˈ b i ɗˤ a p">aːˈbiɗˤap</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="cl.8" ph="aː ˈ nˤ u p a d">aːˈnˤupad</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a ˈ k">ɾiɾaˈk</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="uː dˤ i">uːdˤi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10" ph="aː ˈ b i ɗˤ a p">aːˈbiɗˤap</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="cl.8" ph="aː ˈ nˤ u p a d">aːˈnˤupad</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a ˈ k">ɾiɾaˈk</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">uːdˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.10">aːˈbiɗˤap</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="cl.8">aːˈnˤupad</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">ɾiɾaˈk</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">uːdˤi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːbiɗˤap</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːnˤupad</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾiˈɾak</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ˈkʼuj fuːdˤiɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːbiɗˤap ˈkʼaːnˤupad ɾiˈɾak</p> + <p>куј фуудъиб̱угуд бууњ каабид̱ъап каанъупад рирак</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼuj</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>uːdˤi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːbiɗˤap</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːnˤupad</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾiˈɾak</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Куј фуудъиб̱угуд бууњ каабид̱ъап каанъупад рирак. [ˈkʼuj fuːdˤiɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːbiɗˤap ˈkʼaːnˤupad ɾiˈɾak] ˈkʼuj and f- not.Q uːdˤi have -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 kʼ- ABS ˈaːbiɗˤap slime kʼ- ABS ˈaːnˤupad mortar ɾiˈɾak PURP “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/negation/obligatory
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="i kʼ i ˈ ʋ i">ikʼiˈʋi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="k">k</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ᵑǀ əː ˈ ŋ">ᵑǀəːˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ai ˈ ɓ">aiˈɓ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="i kʼ i ˈ ʋ i">ikʼiˈʋi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="k">k</thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ᵑǀ əː ˈ ŋ">ᵑǀəːˈŋ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ai ˈ ɓ">aiˈɓ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">ikʼiˈʋi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">k</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">ᵑǀəːˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.3">aiˈɓ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈikʼiʋi</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˤ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-k</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀaːj</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀəːŋ</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaiɓ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span></p> + <p>fiˈkʼiʋidˤuhuk ˈᵑǀaːj ˈᵑǀəːŋ ˈkʼaiɓ</p> + <p>фикивидъугук ҁнаај ҁнәәӈ кайб̱</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈikʼiʋi</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dˤ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-k</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀaːj</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀəːŋ</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaiɓ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фикивидъугук ҁнаај ҁнәәӈ кайб̱. [fiˈkʼiʋidˤuhuk ˈᵑǀaːj ˈᵑǀəːŋ ˈkʼaiɓ] f- not.Q ˈikʼiʋi resemble -dˤ PRES -uh indicative -u active -k NEG ˈᵑǀaːj 1incl ˈᵑǀəːŋ other kʼ- ABS ˈaiɓ human being “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
- <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="cl.6">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="cl.5">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="cl.5">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.5
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i m a ˈ ɲ i">imaˈɲi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ai ˈ m">aiˈm</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="iː ˈ j">iːˈj</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i m a ˈ ɲ i">imaˈɲi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ai ˈ m">aiˈm</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="iː ˈ j">iːˈj</word> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">imaˈɲi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="rheme">aiˈm</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">iːˈj</word> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme">aːˈk</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5">ʋ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈimaɲi</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaim</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiːj</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːk</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.5</span></span></p> + <p>fiˈmaɲiɓuhud ˈkʼaim ˈkʼuj ˈkʼiːj ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːk ˈfəːʋ</p> + <p>фимањиб̱угуд кайм куј кииј бууњ каак фәәв</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈimaɲi</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaim</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼuj</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiːj</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːk</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʋ</o> + <g>cl.5</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фимањиб̱угуд кайм куј кииј бууњ каак фәәв. [fiˈmaɲiɓuhud ˈkʼaim ˈkʼuj ˈkʼiːj ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːk ˈfəːʋ] f- not.Q ˈimaɲi shape -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS kʼ- ABS ˈaim fight ˈkʼuj and kʼ- ABS ˈiːj time ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 kʼ- ABS ˈaːk language ˈfəː the -ʋ cl.5 “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.11">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.11" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"/> <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> </np> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.11
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"/> <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> </np> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"/> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> - </np> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="au t͡ʃ a ˈ t͡ʃ a">aut͡ʃaˈt͡ʃa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner" ph="aː ˈ n i b i ɗ">aːˈnibiɗ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner" ph="i ˈ ʋ">iˈʋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme" ph="ə ˈ">əˈ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="au t͡ʃ a ˈ t͡ʃ a">aut͡ʃaˈt͡ʃa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="b uː ˈ ɲ">buːˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner" ph="aː ˈ n i b i ɗ">aːˈnibiɗ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner" ph="i ˈ ʋ">iˈʋ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme" ph="ə ˈ">əˈ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">aut͡ʃaˈt͡ʃa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.3" gloss="3.cl.3" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">buːˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">aːˈnibiɗ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.3">kʼuˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="owner">iˈʋ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme">əˈ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.11" tr="rheme">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.11">dˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaut͡ʃat͡ʃa</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbuːɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːnibiɗ</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiʋ</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈə</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˤ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.11</span></span></p> + <p>fauˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːnibiɗ ˈkʼuj ˈkʼiʋ ˈkʼə ˈfəːdˤ</p> + <p>фаўчачаб̱угуд бууњ каанибид̱ куј кив кә фәәдъ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaut͡ʃat͡ʃa</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbuːɲ</o> + <g>3.cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːnibiɗ</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼuj</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiʋ</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈə</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dˤ</o> + <g>cl.11</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фаўчачаб̱угуд бууњ каанибид̱ куј кив кә фәәдъ. [fauˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɓuhud ˈbuːɲ ˈkʼaːnibiɗ ˈkʼuj ˈkʼiʋ ˈkʼə ˈfəːdˤ] f- not.Q ˈaut͡ʃat͡ʃa copy -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈbuːɲ 3.cl.3 kʼ- ABS ˈaːnibiɗ mammal ˈkʼuj and kʼ- ABS ˈiʋ bird kʼ- ABS ˈə sound ˈfəː the -dˤ cl.11 “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module RelN:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
- </vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ </vp>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
<subs>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<subs>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.9">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.5">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
- <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<subs>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.5" role="obj">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <subs> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5"/> </vp> </subs> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.5
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.5
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <subs> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> </subs> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.9"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5"> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - </subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.9"/> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ au ˈ dˤ">t͡ʃauˈdˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ə tˤ a ˈ k u">ətˤaˈku</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5" ph="ai n a">aina</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS" ph="iː ˈ ɗ a d">iːˈɗad</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.9" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="b iː ˈ">biːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="i ˈ n a n">iˈnan</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="t͡ʃ au ˈ dˤ">t͡ʃauˈdˤ</word> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ə tˤ a ˈ k u">ətˤaˈku</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5" ph="ai n a">aina</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="dˤ">dˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS" ph="iː ˈ ɗ a d">iːˈɗad</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.9" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="b iː ˈ">biːˈ</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="i ˈ n a n">iˈnan</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">t͡ʃauˈdˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ətˤaˈku</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">aːˈk</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.cl.5">aina</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">dˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS">iːˈɗad</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.9" case="ABS">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.9">m</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="cl.5">biːˈ</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="cl.5">iˈnan</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">buˈnˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ʃaudˤ</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈətˤaku</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀaːj</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːk</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.5</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">aina</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˤ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiːɗad</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-m</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbiː</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈinan</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɗˤi</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.5</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaj</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ˈt͡ʃaudˤ fəˈtˤakuɓuhud ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaːk ˈfəːʋ fainadˤuhud ˈkʼiːɗad ˈfəːm ˈbiː ˈkʼinan ˈɗˤiʋ ˈkʼaj ˈbunˤ</p> + <p>чаўдъ фәтъакуб̱угуд ҁнаај каак фәәв файнадъугуд киид̱ад фәәм бии кинан д̱ъив кај бунъ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ʃaudˤ</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈətˤaku</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀaːj</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːk</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʋ</o> + <g>cl.5</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>aina</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-dˤ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiːɗad</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-m</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbiː</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈinan</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɗˤi</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʋ</o> + <g>cl.5</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaj</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbunˤ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Чаўдъ фәтъакуб̱угуд ҁнаај каак фәәв файнадъугуд киид̱ад фәәм бии кинан д̱ъив кај бунъ. [ˈt͡ʃaudˤ fəˈtˤakuɓuhud ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaːk ˈfəːʋ fainadˤuhud ˈkʼiːɗad ˈfəːm ˈbiː ˈkʼinan ˈɗˤiʋ ˈkʼaj ˈbunˤ] ˈt͡ʃaudˤ but f- not.Q ˈətˤaku arise -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈᵑǀaːj 1incl kʼ- ABS ˈaːk language ˈfəː the -ʋ cl.5 f- not.Q aina be -dˤ PRES -uh indicative -u active -d POS kʼ- ABS ˈiːɗad langname ˈfəː the -m cl.9 ˈbiː different kʼ- ABS ˈinan manner ˈɗˤi a -ʋ cl.5 kʼ- ABS ˈaj inside ˈbunˤ in “But Idad, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" number="plur">
+ <np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <np locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> <np locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning ABS
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.5
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> </np> <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred"> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - </np> - <np def="def" gender="cl.7"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ə ɡ u ˈ d u">əɡuˈdu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="n ai ˈ ŋ">naiˈŋ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ᵑǀ u ˈ t">ᵑǀuˈt</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred" ph="t͡ʃ u p əː ˈ dˤ">t͡ʃupəːˈdˤ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="n a ˈ m">naˈm</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="i ˈ ɲ u ɗ u m">iˈɲuɗum</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ə ɡ u ˈ d u">əɡuˈdu</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="n ai ˈ ŋ">naiˈŋ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ᵑǀ u ˈ t">ᵑǀuˈt</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="kʼ u ˈ j">kʼuˈj</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred" ph="t͡ʃ u p əː ˈ dˤ">t͡ʃupəːˈdˤ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="n a ˈ m">naˈm</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="i ˈ ɲ u ɗ u m">iˈɲuɗum</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="ɗˤ i ˈ">ɗˤiˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7" ph="a ˈ j">aˈj</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="b u ˈ nˤ">buˈnˤ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">əɡuˈdu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">naiˈŋ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred">ᵑǀuˈt</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred">kʼuˈj</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred">t͡ʃupəːˈdˤ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="cl.5">naˈm</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="cl.5">iˈɲuɗum</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" locus="number" gender="cl.5">ɗˤiˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="cl.7">aˈj</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">buˈnˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈəɡudu</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnaiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.5</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀut</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkʼuj</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃuˈpəːdˤ</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnam</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈiɲuɗum</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɗˤi</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.5</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaj</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>fəˈɡuduɓuhud ˈnaiŋ ˈᵑǀut ˈkʼuj t͡ʃuˈpəːdˤ ˈnam ˈkʼiɲuɗum ˈɗˤiʋ ˈkʼaj ˈbunˤ</p> + <p>фәґудуб̱угуд найӈ ҁнут куј чупәәдъ нам кињуд̱ум д̱ъив кај бунъ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈəɡudu</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnaiŋ</o> + <g>3.cl.5</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀut</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkʼuj</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃuˈpəːdˤ</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnam</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈiɲuɗum</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɗˤi</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʋ</o> + <g>cl.5</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaj</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbunˤ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фәґудуб̱угуд найӈ ҁнут куј чупәәдъ нам кињуд̱ум д̱ъив кај бунъ [fəˈɡuduɓuhud ˈnaiŋ ˈᵑǀut ˈkʼuj t͡ʃuˈpəːdˤ ˈnam ˈkʼiɲuɗum ˈɗˤiʋ ˈkʼaj ˈbunˤ] f- not.Q ˈəɡudu appear -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈnaiŋ 3.cl.5 ˈᵑǀut whole ˈkʼuj and t͡ʃuˈpəːdˤ perfect ˈnam single kʼ- ABS ˈiɲuɗum breath ˈɗˤi a -ʋ cl.5 kʼ- ABS ˈaj inside ˈbunˤ in “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.5">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS" gender="cl.5">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.5" role="subj" tr="theme" case="ABS">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/negation/obligatory
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got ABS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.5
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ʋ a ˈ p u">uʋaˈpu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="k">k</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ʋ a ˈ p u">uʋaˈpu</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="k">k</thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ᵑǀ aː ˈ j">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS" attach="prefix" ph="kʼ">kʼ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS" ph="aː ˈ k">aːˈk</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS" ph="f əː ˈ">fəːˈ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5" attach="suffix" ph="ʋ">ʋ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">uʋaˈpu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">k</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="cl.3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ᵑǀaːˈj</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ABS">kʼ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS">aːˈk</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.5" tr="theme" case="ABS">fəːˈ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.5">ʋ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈuʋapu</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-k</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈᵑǀaːj</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼ-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ABS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈaːk</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfəː</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.5</span></span></p> + <p>fuˈʋapuɓuhuk ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaːk ˈfəːʋ</p> + <p>фувапуб̱угук ҁнаај каак фәәв</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈuʋapu</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-k</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈᵑǀaːj</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼ-</o> + <g>ABS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈaːk</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfəː</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ʋ</o> + <g>cl.5</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фувапуб̱угук ҁнаај каак фәәв. [fuˈʋapuɓuhuk ˈᵑǀaːj ˈkʼaːk ˈfəːʋ] f- not.Q ˈuʋapu evolve -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -k NEG ˈᵑǀaːj 1incl kʼ- ABS ˈaːk language ˈfəː the -ʋ cl.5 “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
No change.
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5"> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/question/obligatoryGot not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS"/> </np> </s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS" gender="cl.5"> <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS"/> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ə t͡ʃ a ˈ nˤ a">ət͡ʃaˈnˤa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS" ph="n ai ˈ ŋ">naiˈŋ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ə t͡ʃ a ˈ nˤ a">ət͡ʃaˈnˤa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative" attach="suffix" ph="u h">uh</thingy> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="u">u</thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS" ph="n ai ˈ ŋ">naiˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">f</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ət͡ʃaˈnˤa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">uh</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">u</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">d</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="cl.5" gloss="3.cl.5" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="ABS">naiˈŋ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈət͡ʃanˤa</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-uh</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-u</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnaiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.cl.5</span></span></p> + <p>fəˈt͡ʃanˤaɓuhud ˈnaiŋ</p> + <p>фәчанъаб̱угуд найӈ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>not.Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈət͡ʃanˤa</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-uh</o> + <g>indicative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-u</o> + <g>active</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnaiŋ</o> + <g>3.cl.5</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Фәчанъаб̱угуд найӈ. [fəˈt͡ʃanˤaɓuhud ˈnaiŋ] f- not.Q ˈət͡ʃanˤa create -ɓ PAST -uh indicative -u active -d POS ˈnaiŋ 3.cl.5 “It was created.” | (14) |
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