A Collection of Texts in Tsash
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatoryGot plur
About to call getSlotValue for all/adj/gender/obligatory
Got cl.4
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for whole/adj/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i ˈ k">ʃiˈk</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="f a ˈ f">faˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="n au ˈ n">nauˈn</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="e ŋ">eŋ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="t a ˈ ɲ">taˈɲ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ʃ u ˈ b">ʃuˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="h o ˈ ŋ">hoˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj" ph="k o ˈ l">koˈl</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj" ph="t͡s e ɡ i ˈ s">t͡seɡiˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj" ph="k o ˈ l">koˈl</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i ˈ k">ʃiˈk</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="f a ˈ f">faˈf</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="n au ˈ n">nauˈn</word> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="e ŋ">eŋ</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="t a ˈ ɲ">taˈɲ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ʃ u ˈ b">ʃuˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="h o ˈ ŋ">hoˈŋ</word> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj" ph="k o ˈ l">koˈl</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj" ph="t͡s e ɡ i ˈ s">t͡seɡiˈs</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj" ph="k o ˈ l">koˈl</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʃiˈk</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">faˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">nauˈn</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4">eŋ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">taˈɲ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">ʃuˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">hoˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">iɲ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="obj">koˈl</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj">t͡seɡiˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="obj">koˈl</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʃik</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfaf</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnaun</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-eŋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈtaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʃub</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhoŋ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iɲ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ɕek</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkol</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋos</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡seˈɡis</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkol</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos ˈʃik ˈjaut͡s ˈfafet ˈnauneŋ ˈtaɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈʃube ˈhoŋiɲ ˈt͡ɕeke ˈkol ˈʋos t͡seˈɡise ˈkol</p> + <p>ngos shik jautz fafet nauneng tañ jautz shube hongiñ tyeke kol wos tzegise kol</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʃik</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfaf</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnaun</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-eŋ</o> + <g>cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈtaɲ</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʃub</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhoŋ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iɲ</o> + <g>cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ɕek</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkol</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋos</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡seˈɡis</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkol</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos shik jautz fafet nauneng tañ jautz shube hongiñ tyeke kol wos tzegise kol. [ŋos ˈʃik ˈjaut͡s ˈfafet ˈnauneŋ ˈtaɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈʃube ˈhoŋiɲ ˈt͡ɕeke ˈkol ˈʋos t͡seˈɡise ˈkol] ŋos PAST ˈʃik have ˈjaut͡s the ˈfaf human being -et plur ˈnaun all -eŋ cl.4 ˈtaɲ in_surface ˈjaut͡s the ˈʃub earth -e sing ˈhoŋ whole -iɲ cl.3 ˈt͡ɕek language -e sing ˈkol one ˈʋos and t͡seˈɡis dialect -e sing ˈkol one “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ a ŋ ai ˈ d">t͡ʃaŋaiˈd</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="n u ˈ">nuˈ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="l o ˈ t͡ɕ">loˈt͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ a ŋ ai ˈ d">t͡ʃaŋaiˈd</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="n u ˈ">nuˈ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5" ph="l o ˈ t͡ɕ">loˈt͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ʃaŋaiˈd</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">huˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">nuˈ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.5">loˈt͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaˈŋaid</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnu</span><br><span class="gls">from_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈlot͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos t͡ʃaˈŋaid ˈhuɡ ˈnu ˈjaut͡s ˈlot͡ɕe</p> + <p>ngos changaid hug nu jautz lotye</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaˈŋaid</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnu</o> + <g>from_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈlot͡ɕ</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos changaid hug nu jautz lotye. [ŋos t͡ʃaˈŋaid ˈhuɡ ˈnu ˈjaut͡s ˈlot͡ɕe] ŋos PAST t͡ʃaˈŋaid journey ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 ˈnu from_inside ˈjaut͡s the ˈlot͡ɕ east -e sing “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for wide/adj/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ l">t͡ɕeˈl</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f a ʋ e ˈ ɡ">faʋeˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="b i ˈ ɡ">biˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f ɯ ˈ ɡ">fɯˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ l">t͡ɕeˈl</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f a ʋ e ˈ ɡ">faʋeˈɡ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="b i ˈ ɡ">biˈɡ</word>
<thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</thingy>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f ɯ ˈ ɡ">fɯˈɡ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɤ" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ l">t͡ɕeˈl</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f a ʋ e ˈ ɡ">faʋeˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="b i ˈ ɡ">biˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f ɯ ˈ ɡ">fɯˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɤ" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ʋoˈs</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ɕeˈl</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">huˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">faʋeˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">biˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">iɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">t͡saˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">fɯˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋos</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ɕel</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkiɲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faˈʋeɡ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iɲ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡saɡ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkiɲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfɯɡ</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʋos ŋos ˈt͡ɕel ˈhuɡ ˈkiɲ faˈʋeɡe ˈbiɡiɲ ˈt͡saɡ ˈkiɲ ˈfɯɡɤ</p> + <p>wos ngos tyel hug kiñ fawege bigiñ tzag kiñ fưgơ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʋos</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ɕel</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkiɲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faˈʋeɡ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbiɡ</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iɲ</o> + <g>cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡saɡ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkiɲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfɯɡ</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Wos ngos tyel hug kiñ fawege bigiñ tzag kiñ fưgơ. [ˈʋos ŋos ˈt͡ɕel ˈhuɡ ˈkiɲ faˈʋeɡe ˈbiɡiɲ ˈt͡saɡ ˈkiɲ ˈfɯɡɤ] ˈʋos and ŋos PAST ˈt͡ɕel find ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 ˈkiɲ a faˈʋeɡ plain -e sing ˈbiɡ wide -iɲ cl.3 ˈt͡saɡ in_inside ˈkiɲ a ˈfɯɡ land -e sing “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s e t͡ɕ o ˈ ɲ">set͡ɕoˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="m u b i ˈ ŋ">mubiˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="t͡s o ˈ t͡ʃ">t͡soˈt͡ʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s e t͡ɕ o ˈ ɲ">set͡ɕoˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="m u b i ˈ ŋ">mubiˈŋ</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="t͡s o ˈ t͡ʃ">t͡soˈt͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">set͡ɕoˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">mubiˈŋ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="STA">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">t͡soˈt͡ʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">seˈt͡ɕoɲ</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">muˈbiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡sot͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>seˈt͡ɕoɲ ŋos muˈbiŋ ˈhuɡ ˈt͡sot͡ʃ</p> + <p>setyoñ ngos mubing hug tzoch</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>seˈt͡ɕoɲ</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>muˈbiŋ</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡sot͡ʃ</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Setyoñ ngos mubing hug tzoch. [seˈt͡ɕoɲ ŋos muˈbiŋ ˈhuɡ ˈt͡sot͡ʃ] seˈt͡ɕoɲ thus ŋos PAST muˈbiŋ dwell ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 ˈt͡sot͡ʃ there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
- </vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- </subs>
- <subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
- </vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ </vp>
+ </subs>
+ <subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ </vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> </np> <np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> <subs> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> </vp> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <subs> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> </vp> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
</subs>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatoryGot plur
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <subs> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - </vp> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/> - <subs> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - </vp> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡s i ˈ d">t͡siˈd</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3" ph="f e t͡ɕ ai ˈ b">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a ʃ">taʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur" ph="k ɯ ˈ t͡s">kɯˈt͡s</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k e s">kes</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="t͡ʃ a l">t͡ʃal</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="ʃ u n">ʃun</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3" ph="f e t͡ɕ ai ˈ b">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a ʃ">taʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur" ph="n u ˈ m">nuˈm</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k e s">kes</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="t͡ʃ a l">t͡ʃal</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="ʃ u n">ʃun</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing" ph="ɡ i f i ˈ l">ɡifiˈl</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡s i ˈ d">t͡siˈd</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3" ph="f e t͡ɕ ai ˈ b">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a ʃ">taʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur" ph="k ɯ ˈ t͡s">kɯˈt͡s</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k e s">kes</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="t͡ʃ a l">t͡ʃal</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="ʃ u n">ʃun</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3" ph="f e t͡ɕ ai ˈ b">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a ʃ">taʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur" ph="n u ˈ m">nuˈm</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="k e s">kes</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ" ph="t͡ʃ a l">t͡ʃal</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="ʃ u n">ʃun</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing" ph="ɡ i f i ˈ l">ɡifiˈl</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡siˈd</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">baiˈd</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">kɯˈt͡s</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">kes</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ">t͡ʃal</thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">ʃun</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.3">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">baiˈd</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="3.plur.cl.3" subj="1incl.plur">nuˈm</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">kes</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.SUBJ">t͡ʃal</thingy> + <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">ʃun</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="sing">ɡifiˈl</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡sid</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">feˈt͡ɕaib</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbaid</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">taʃ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkɯt͡s</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kes</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃal</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃun</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋos</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">feˈt͡ɕaib</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbaid</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">taʃ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈnum</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kes</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃal</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃun</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡiˈfil</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos ˈt͡sid ˈhuɡ feˈt͡ɕaibet ˈbaid taʃ ˈkɯt͡s kes t͡ʃal ʃun ˈʋos feˈt͡ɕaibet ˈbaid taʃ ˈnum kes t͡ʃal ʃun ɡiˈfil</p> + <p>ngos tzid hug fetyaibet baid tash kưtz kes chal shun wos fetyaibet baid tash num kes chal shun gifil</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡sid</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>feˈt͡ɕaib</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbaid</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>taʃ</o> + <g>ACT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkɯt͡s</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kes</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃal</o> + <g>1incl.plur.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃun</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋos</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>feˈt͡ɕaib</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbaid</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>taʃ</o> + <g>ACT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈnum</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kes</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃal</o> + <g>1incl.plur.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃun</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡiˈfil</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos tzid hug fetyaibet baid tash kưtz kes chal shun wos fetyaibet baid tash num kes chal shun gifil. [ŋos ˈt͡sid ˈhuɡ feˈt͡ɕaibet ˈbaid taʃ ˈkɯt͡s kes t͡ʃal ʃun ˈʋos feˈt͡ɕaibet ˈbaid taʃ ˈnum kes t͡ʃal ʃun ɡiˈfil] ŋos PAST ˈt͡sid say ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 feˈt͡ɕaib brick -et plur ˈbaid 1incl.plur taʃ ACT ˈkɯt͡s make kes imperative t͡ʃal 1incl.plur.SUBJ ʃun COMP ˈʋos and feˈt͡ɕaib brick -et plur ˈbaid 1incl.plur taʃ ACT ˈnum burn kes imperative t͡ʃal 1incl.plur.SUBJ ʃun COMP ɡiˈfil thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i ˈ k">ʃiˈk</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f e t͡ɕ ai ˈ b">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="j e l u ˈ s">jeluˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ɲ i ˈ ɡ">ɲiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i ˈ k">ʃiˈk</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="f e t͡ɕ ai ˈ b">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="j e l u ˈ s">jeluˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="ɲ i ˈ ɡ">ɲiˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ʃiˈk</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">fet͡ɕaiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">jeluˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">ɲiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʃik</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">feˈt͡ɕaib</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jeˈlus</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɲiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos ˈʃik ˈhuɡ feˈt͡ɕaibe jeˈlus ˈɲiɡe</p> + <p>ngos shik hug fetyaibe jelus ñige</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʃik</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>feˈt͡ɕaib</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jeˈlus</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɲiɡ</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos shik hug fetyaibe jelus ñige. [ŋos ˈʃik ˈhuɡ feˈt͡ɕaibe jeˈlus ˈɲiɡe] ŋos PAST ˈʃik have ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 feˈt͡ɕaib brick -e sing jeˈlus PURP ˈɲiɡ stone -e sing “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i ˈ k">ʃiˈk</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="h u n ɤ ˈ t͡ʃ">hunɤˈt͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="j e l u ˈ s">jeluˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="d i b i ˈ s">dibiˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i ˈ k">ʃiˈk</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="h u n ɤ ˈ t͡ʃ">hunɤˈt͡ʃ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɤ" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="j e l u ˈ s">jeluˈs</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="d i b i ˈ s">dibiˈs</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i ˈ k">ʃiˈk</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="h u n ɤ ˈ t͡ʃ">hunɤˈt͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɤ" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="j e l u ˈ s">jeluˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="d i b i ˈ s">dibiˈs</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ʋoˈs</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ʃiˈk</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">hunɤˈt͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">jeluˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">dibiˈs</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋos</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʃik</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">huˈnɤt͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jeˈlus</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">diˈbis</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ˈʋos ŋos ˈʃik ˈhuɡ huˈnɤt͡ʃɤ jeˈlus diˈbise</p> + <p>wos ngos shik hug hunơchơ jelus dibise</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈʋos</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʃik</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>huˈnɤt͡ʃ</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jeˈlus</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>diˈbis</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Wos ngos shik hug hunơchơ jelus dibise. [ˈʋos ŋos ˈʃik ˈhuɡ huˈnɤt͡ʃɤ jeˈlus diˈbise] ˈʋos and ŋos PAST ˈʃik have ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 huˈnɤt͡ʃ slime -e sing jeˈlus PURP diˈbis mortar -e sing “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatoryGot plur
About to call getSlotValue for other/adj/gender/obligatory
Got cl.4
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="l e f i ˈ t͡s">lefiˈt͡s</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="t͡ɕ e ŋ">t͡ɕeŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="f a ˈ f">faˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="h ai ˈ t͡s">haiˈt͡s</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="e ŋ">eŋ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="l e f i ˈ t͡s">lefiˈt͡s</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="t͡ɕ e ŋ">t͡ɕeŋ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="f a ˈ f">faˈf</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="h ai ˈ t͡s">haiˈt͡s</word> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="e ŋ">eŋ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">lefiˈt͡s</word> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">t͡ɕeŋ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">baiˈd</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">faˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.4">haiˈt͡s</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4">eŋ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">leˈfit͡s</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕeŋ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbaid</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈfaf</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhait͡s</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-eŋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.4</span></span></p> + <p>leˈfit͡s t͡ɕeŋ ˈbaid ˈfafet ˈhait͡seŋ</p> + <p>lefitz tyeng baid fafet haitzeng</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>leˈfit͡s</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕeŋ</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbaid</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈfaf</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhait͡s</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-eŋ</o> + <g>cl.4</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Lefitz tyeng baid fafet haitzeng. [leˈfit͡s t͡ɕeŋ ˈbaid ˈfafet ˈhait͡seŋ] leˈfit͡s resemble t͡ɕeŋ NEG ˈbaid 1incl.plur ˈfaf human being -et plur ˈhait͡s other -eŋ cl.4 “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" gender="cl.6">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" gender="cl.6"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.3" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" gender="cl.6">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ʃ i ˈ n">ɲiʃiˈn</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="j au ˈ m">jauˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ɕ ai ˈ f">t͡ɕaiˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="t͡ɕ u ɲ">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ i ʃ i ˈ n">ɲiʃiˈn</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="j au ˈ m">jauˈm</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ɕ ai ˈ f">t͡ɕaiˈf</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="t͡ɕ u ɲ">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɲiʃiˈn</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.6" role="subj" tr="rheme">jauˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" role="subj" tr="rheme">t͡ɕaiˈf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">huˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" tr="theme">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiˈʃin</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaum</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋos</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ɕaif</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕuɲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ɕek</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos ɲiˈʃin ˈjaume ˈʋos ˈt͡ɕaife ˈhuɡ t͡ɕuɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕeket</p> + <p>ngos ñishin jaume wos tyaife hug tyuñ jautz tyeket</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiˈʃin</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaum</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋos</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ɕaif</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕuɲ</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ɕek</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos ñishin jaume wos tyaife hug tyuñ jautz tyeket. [ŋos ɲiˈʃin ˈjaume ˈʋos ˈt͡ɕaife ˈhuɡ t͡ɕuɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕeket] ŋos PAST ɲiˈʃin shape ˈjaum fight -e sing ˈʋos and ˈt͡ɕaif time -e sing ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 t͡ɕuɲ GEN ˈjaut͡s the ˈt͡ɕek language -et plur “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" gender="cl.1"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" gender="cl.1">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/number/obligatoryGot plur
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡s a j u ˈ f">t͡sajuˈf</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t a f a ˈ d">tafaˈd</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d e ˈ ɲ">deˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="t͡ɕ u ɲ">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme" ph="t͡s ai ˈ b">t͡saiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡s a j u ˈ f">t͡sajuˈf</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="h u ˈ ɡ">huˈɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t a f a ˈ d">tafaˈd</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d e ˈ ɲ">deˈɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="t͡ɕ u ɲ">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme" ph="t͡s ai ˈ b">t͡saiˈb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡sajuˈf</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.plur.cl.4" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">huˈɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">tafaˈd</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="owner" case="GEN">deˈɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" tr="rheme">t͡saiˈb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡saˈjuf</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.4</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">taˈfad</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋos</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈdeɲ</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕuɲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡saib</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-et</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos t͡saˈjuf ˈhuɡ taˈfadet ˈʋos ˈdeɲet t͡ɕuɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡saibet</p> + <p>ngos tzajuf hug tafadet wos deñet tyuñ jautz tzaibet</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡saˈjuf</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhuɡ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.4</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>taˈfad</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋos</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈdeɲ</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕuɲ</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡saib</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-et</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos tzajuf hug tafadet wos deñet tyuñ jautz tzaibet. [ŋos t͡saˈjuf ˈhuɡ taˈfadet ˈʋos ˈdeɲet t͡ɕuɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡saibet] ŋos PAST t͡saˈjuf copy ˈhuɡ 3.plur.cl.4 taˈfad mammal -et plur ˈʋos and ˈdeɲ bird -et plur t͡ɕuɲ GEN ˈjaut͡s the ˈt͡saib sound -et plur “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module NRel:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
- </vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ </vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module subordinate:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
+ <np id="parent" case="STA">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" case="STA">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.2">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
+ <np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.2">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.2" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.6" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for different/adj/gender/obligatory
Got cl.4
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</relp>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" comma="after"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </relp> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4"/> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="k a ˈ k">kaˈk</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ u m ɯ ˈ t͡ɕ">t͡ʃumɯˈt͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA" ph="t͡s a ˈ ʃ">t͡saˈʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2" ph="t͡s e ˈ n">t͡seˈn</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2" ph="ɡ ai ˈ ɡ">ɡaiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="ʋ i d">ʋid</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="t͡ɕ u ɲ">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" comma="after" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="t i ˈ ŋ">tiˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="t au ˈ t͡ɕ">tauˈt͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="e ŋ">eŋ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="k a ˈ k">kaˈk</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ u m ɯ ˈ t͡ɕ">t͡ʃumɯˈt͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA" ph="t͡s a ˈ ʃ">t͡saˈʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2" ph="t͡s e ˈ n">t͡seˈn</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2" ph="ɡ ai ˈ ɡ">ɡaiˈɡ</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="ʋ i d">ʋid</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="t͡ɕ u ɲ">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" comma="after" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="t i ˈ ŋ">tiˈŋ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" ph="t au ˈ t͡ɕ">tauˈt͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4" attach="suffix" ph="e ŋ">eŋ</thingy> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">kaˈk</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ʃumɯˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.2" case="STA">t͡saˈʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e,</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" gender="cl.2">t͡seˈn</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.2" obj="3.plur.cl.2">ɡaiˈɡ</word> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ">ʋid</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">baiˈd</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">t͡ɕuɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" comma="after">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e,</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">t͡saˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">tiˈŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">tauˈt͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.4">eŋ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkak</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃuˈmɯt͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡saʃ</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡sen</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈɡaiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋid</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.2.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbaid</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕuɲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ɕek</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡saɡ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkiɲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈtiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈtaut͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-eŋ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.4</span></span></p> + <p>ˈkak ŋos t͡ʃuˈmɯt͡ɕ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡saʃe, ˈt͡sen ˈɡaiɡ ʋid ˈbaid t͡ɕuɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕeke, ˈt͡saɡ ˈkiɲ ˈtiŋe ˈtaut͡ɕeŋ</p> + <p>kak ngos chumưty jautz tzashe, tzen gaig wid baid tyuñ jautz tyeke, tzag kiñ tinge tautyeng</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ˈkak</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃuˈmɯt͡ɕ</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡saʃ</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡sen</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈɡaiɡ</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋid</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbaid</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕuɲ</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ɕek</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡saɡ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkiɲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈtiŋ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈtaut͡ɕ</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-eŋ</o> + <g>cl.4</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Kak ngos chumưty jautz tzashe, tzen gaig wid baid tyuñ jautz tyeke, tzag kiñ tinge tautyeng. [ˈkak ŋos t͡ʃuˈmɯt͡ɕ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡saʃe, ˈt͡sen ˈɡaiɡ ʋid ˈbaid t͡ɕuɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕeke, ˈt͡saɡ ˈkiɲ ˈtiŋe ˈtaut͡ɕeŋ] ˈkak but ŋos PAST t͡ʃuˈmɯt͡ɕ arise ˈjaut͡s the ˈt͡saʃ langname -e sing ˈt͡sen RELPRON ˈɡaiɡ be ʋid 3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ ˈbaid 1incl.plur t͡ɕuɲ GEN ˈjaut͡s the ˈt͡ɕek language -e sing ˈt͡saɡ in_inside ˈkiɲ a ˈtiŋ manner -e sing ˈtaut͡ɕ different -eŋ cl.4 “But Tsash, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/> </np> <np role="pred" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for gender/defaultval: adj, gender
defaultval: gender not found in thingy for adj:
Array
(
[case] => STA
[number] => sing
[ta] => PRES
[mode] => indicative
[voice] => active
[negation] => POS
[question] => not.Q
[comp] => not.COMP
[subj] => 3.sing.cl.1
)
calling defaultval for gender/defaultval: adj, gender
defaultval: gender not found in thingy for adj:
Array
(
[case] => STA
[number] => sing
[ta] => PRES
[mode] => indicative
[voice] => active
[negation] => POS
[question] => not.Q
[comp] => not.COMP
[subj] => 3.sing.cl.1
)
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for whole/adj/gender/obligatoryAbout to call getSlotValue for perfect/adj/gender/obligatory
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for single/adj/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/>
+ <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" number="plur"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3"/> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ o ʋ o ˈ t͡ɕ">t͡ɕoʋoˈt͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="b i ˈ n">biˈn</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="h o ˈ ŋ">hoˈŋ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ʃ a t͡s i ˈ f">ʃat͡siˈf</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="n a m ai ˈ m">namaiˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="j ɤ ˈ k">jɤˈk</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ o ʋ o ˈ t͡ɕ">t͡ɕoʋoˈt͡ɕ</word>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="b i ˈ n">biˈn</word>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="h o ˈ ŋ">hoˈŋ</word>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word>
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ʃ a t͡s i ˈ f">ʃat͡siˈf</word>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="n a m ai ˈ m">namaiˈm</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="j ɤ ˈ k">jɤˈk</word>
- <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="i ɲ">iɲ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="ɯ ɲ" underlying="i ɲ">ɯɲ</thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ o ʋ o ˈ t͡ɕ">t͡ɕoʋoˈt͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="b i ˈ n">biˈn</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="h o ˈ ŋ">hoˈŋ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ʋ o ˈ s">ʋoˈs</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ʃ a t͡s i ˈ f">ʃat͡siˈf</word> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="t͡s a ˈ ɡ">t͡saˈɡ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="k i ˈ ɲ">kiˈɲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="n a m ai ˈ m">namaiˈm</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" ph="j ɤ ˈ k">jɤˈk</word> - <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="ɯ ɲ" underlying="i ɲ">ɯɲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ɕoʋoˈt͡ɕ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">biˈn</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">hoˈŋ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur">ʋoˈs</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">ʃat͡siˈf</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">t͡saˈɡ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">kiˈɲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">namaiˈm</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">jɤˈk</word> + <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" underlying="i ɲ">ɯɲ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕoˈʋot͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbin</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.6</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈhoŋ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈʋos</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃaˈt͡sif</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡saɡ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈkiɲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">naˈmaim</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjɤk</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-iɲ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.3</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos t͡ɕoˈʋot͡ɕ ˈbin ˈhoŋ ˈʋos ʃaˈt͡sif ˈt͡saɡ ˈkiɲ naˈmaime ˈjɤkɯɲ</p> + <p>ngos tyowoty bin hong wos shatzif tzag kiñ namaime jơkưñ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕoˈʋot͡ɕ</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbin</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.6</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈhoŋ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈʋos</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃaˈt͡sif</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡saɡ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈkiɲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>naˈmaim</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjɤk</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-iɲ</o> + <g>cl.3</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos tyowoty bin hong wos shatzif tzag kiñ namaime jơkưñ [ŋos t͡ɕoˈʋot͡ɕ ˈbin ˈhoŋ ˈʋos ʃaˈt͡sif ˈt͡saɡ ˈkiɲ naˈmaime ˈjɤkɯɲ] ŋos PAST t͡ɕoˈʋot͡ɕ appear ˈbin 3.sing.cl.6 ˈhoŋ whole ˈʋos and ʃaˈt͡sif perfect ˈt͡saɡ in_inside ˈkiɲ a naˈmaim breath -e sing ˈjɤk single -iɲ cl.3 “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" gender="cl.6">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" gender="cl.6"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="STA"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="STA" number="plur" gender="cl.6">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="STA">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="STA" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="STA" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatoryGot sing
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ i d a ˈ n">t͡ɕidaˈn</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="t͡ɕ e ŋ">t͡ɕeŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ i d a ˈ n">t͡ɕidaˈn</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="t͡ɕ e ŋ">t͡ɕeŋ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b ai ˈ d">baiˈd</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="j au ˈ t͡s">jauˈt͡s</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ e ˈ k">t͡ɕeˈk</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ɕidaˈn</word> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">t͡ɕeŋ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">baiˈd</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme">jauˈt͡s</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" tr="theme">t͡ɕeˈk</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕiˈdan</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕeŋ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbaid</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈjaut͡s</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈt͡ɕek</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-e</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos t͡ɕiˈdan t͡ɕeŋ ˈbaid ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕeke</p> + <p>ngos tyidan tyeng baid jautz tyeke</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕiˈdan</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕeŋ</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbaid</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈjaut͡s</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈt͡ɕek</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-e</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos tyidan tyeng baid jautz tyeke. [ŋos t͡ɕiˈdan t͡ɕeŋ ˈbaid ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕeke] ŋos PAST t͡ɕiˈdan evolve t͡ɕeŋ NEG ˈbaid 1incl.plur ˈjaut͡s the ˈt͡ɕek language -e sing “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module subordinate:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʋ o f i ˈ d">ʋofiˈd</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="b i ˈ n">biˈn</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ŋ o s">ŋos</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʋ o f i ˈ d">ʋofiˈd</word> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA" ph="b i ˈ n">biˈn</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʋofiˈd</word> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.6" gloss="3.sing.cl.6" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="STA">biˈn</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋos</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋoˈfid</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ˈbin</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.6</span></span></p> + <p>ŋos ʋoˈfid ˈbin</p> + <p>ngos wofid bin</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋos</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋoˈfid</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ˈbin</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.6</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngos wofid bin. [ŋos ʋoˈfid ˈbin] ŋos PAST ʋoˈfid create ˈbin 3.sing.cl.6 “It was created.” | (14) |
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