A Collection of Texts in Raiwag
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> </np> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - </pp> - </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ au ʃ">t͡ʃauʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="kʷ a t">kʷat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː ɡʷ">xʷaːɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="f a kʷ">fakʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ᵏǀ ai n">ᵏǀain</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="j aː xʷ">jaːxʷ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p au ʃ">pauʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p au ʃ">pauʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɲ a t ai ɲ a f">ɲataiɲaf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ au ʃ">t͡ʃauʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="kʷ a t">kʷat</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː ɡʷ">xʷaːɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="f a kʷ">fakʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ᵏǀ ai n">ᵏǀain</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="j aː xʷ">jaːxʷ</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p au ʃ">pauʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="p au ʃ">pauʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɲ a t ai ɲ a f">ɲataiɲaf</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ʃauʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">kʷat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">xʷaːɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">fakʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">ᵏǀain</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">jaːxʷ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">pauʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">pauʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">ɲataiɲaf</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃauʃ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷat</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaːɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fakʷ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀain</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jaːxʷ</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pauʃ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡaim</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pauʃ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲataiɲaf</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ kʷat xʷaːɡʷat͡ʃanakʷ fakʷ ᵏǀainatanat jaːxʷ pauʃ ɡaimatatakʷ ɡʷaw pauʃ ɲataiɲafatatakʷ</p> + <p>t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ kʷat xʷaːɡʷat͡ʃanakʷ fakʷ ᵏǀainatanat jaːxʷ pauʃ ɡaimatatakʷ ɡʷaw pauʃ ɲataiɲafatatakʷ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃauʃ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʷat</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaːɡʷ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fakʷ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀain</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jaːxʷ</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pauʃ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡaim</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaw</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pauʃ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲataiɲaf</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ kʷat xʷaːɡʷat͡ʃanakʷ fakʷ ᵏǀainatanat jaːxʷ pauʃ ɡaimatatakʷ ɡʷaw pauʃ ɲataiɲafatatakʷ] t͡ʃauʃ have -aw POS takʷ PAST kʷat all xʷaːɡʷ human being -at͡ʃ plur -an def -akʷ NOM fakʷ whole ᵏǀain earth -at sing -an def -at LOC jaːxʷ in_surface pauʃ one ɡaim language -at sing -at not.def -akʷ NOM ɡʷaw and pauʃ one ɲataiɲaf dialect -at sing -at not.def -akʷ NOM “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a ɡ a ɲ">daɡaɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="f ai xʷ">faixʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="m au x">maux</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a ɡ a ɲ">daɡaɲ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="f ai xʷ">faixʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="m au x">maux</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">daɡaɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">faixʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">at</thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">maux</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">daɡaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faixʷ</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maux</span><br><span class="gls">from_inside</span></span></p> + <p>daɡaɲaw takʷ ɲauf faixʷatanat maux</p> + <p>daɡaɲaw takʷ ɲauf faixʷatanat maux</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>daɡaɲ</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faixʷ</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>maux</o> + <g>from_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[daɡaɲaw takʷ ɲauf faixʷatanat maux] daɡaɲ journey -aw POS takʷ PAST ɲauf 3.plur faixʷ east -at sing -an def -at LOC maux from_inside “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="w au k">wauk</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f a k">fak</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="p a w ai p a ɡ">pawaipaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="m a j">maj</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="f a s">fas</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="w au k">wauk</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f a k">fak</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="p a w ai p a ɡ">pawaipaɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="m a j">maj</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="f a s">fas</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">wauk</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">fak</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">pawaipaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">maj</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">fas</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wauk</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fak</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pawaipaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maj</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fas</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>ɡʷaw waukaw takʷ ɲauf fak pawaipaɡatatakʷ majatatat fas</p> + <p>ɡʷaw waukaw takʷ ɲauf fak pawaipaɡatatakʷ majatatat fas</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaw</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wauk</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fak</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pawaipaɡ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>maj</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fas</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[ɡʷaw waukaw takʷ ɲauf fak pawaipaɡatatakʷ majatatat fas] ɡʷaw and wauk find -aw POS takʷ PAST ɲauf 3.plur fak wide pawaipaɡ plain -at sing -at not.def -akʷ NOM maj land -at sing -at not.def -at LOC fas in_inside “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="n a k aː n">nakaːn</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n a f aː k">nafaːk</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="f au x">faux</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="n a k aː n">nakaːn</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n a f aː k">nafaːk</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="f au x">faux</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">nakaːn</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">nafaːk</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">faux</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nakaːn</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nafaːk</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faux</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>nakaːn nafaːkaw takʷ ɲauf faux</p> + <p>nakaːn nafaːkaw takʷ ɲauf faux</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>nakaːn</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>nafaːk</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faux</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[nakaːn nafaːkaw takʷ ɲauf faux] nakaːn thus nafaːk dwell -aw POS takʷ PAST ɲauf 3.plur faux there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="m aː b">maːb</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="t͡ʃ ai w">t͡ʃaiw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="w a x">wax</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" ph="ɾ a ɾ a xʷ a ɡ">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="w a kʷ aː ɾ">wakʷaːɾ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="m au b">maub</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="w a x">wax</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" ph="ɾ a ɾ a xʷ a ɡ">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="w a kʷ aː ɾ">wakʷaːɾ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɡʷ a m ai ʃ">ɡʷamaiʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="m aː b">maːb</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="t͡ʃ ai w">t͡ʃaiw</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="w a x">wax</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" ph="ɾ a ɾ a xʷ a ɡ">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="w a kʷ aː ɾ">wakʷaːɾ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="m au b">maub</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="w a x">wax</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" ph="ɾ a ɾ a xʷ a ɡ">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="w a kʷ aː ɾ">wakʷaːɾ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɡʷ a m ai ʃ">ɡʷamaiʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">maːb</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">t͡ʃaiw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">wax</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">wakʷaːɾ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">maub</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">wax</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">wakʷaːɾ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">ɡʷamaiʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maːb</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaiw</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wax</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaːw</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wakʷaːɾ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maub</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wax</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaːw</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wakʷaːɾ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷamaiʃ</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>maːbaw takʷ ɲauf t͡ʃaiwaw wax xʷaːw ɾaɾaxʷaɡat͡ʃatakʷ wakʷaːɾ ɡʷaw maubaw wax xʷaːw ɾaɾaxʷaɡat͡ʃatakʷ wakʷaːɾ ɡʷamaiʃ</p> + <p>maːbaw takʷ ɲauf t͡ʃaiwaw wax xʷaːw ɾaɾaxʷaɡat͡ʃatakʷ wakʷaːɾ ɡʷaw maubaw wax xʷaːw ɾaɾaxʷaɡat͡ʃatakʷ wakʷaːɾ ɡʷamaiʃ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>maːb</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaiw</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wax</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaːw</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wakʷaːɾ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaw</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>maub</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wax</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaːw</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wakʷaːɾ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷamaiʃ</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[maːbaw takʷ ɲauf t͡ʃaiwaw wax xʷaːw ɾaɾaxʷaɡat͡ʃatakʷ wakʷaːɾ ɡʷaw maubaw wax xʷaːw ɾaɾaxʷaɡat͡ʃatakʷ wakʷaːɾ ɡʷamaiʃ] maːb say -aw POS takʷ PAST ɲauf 3.plur t͡ʃaiw make -aw POS wax imperative xʷaːw 1incl.plur ɾaɾaxʷaɡ brick -at͡ʃ plur -at not.def -akʷ NOM wakʷaːɾ COMP ɡʷaw and maub burn -aw POS wax imperative xʷaːw 1incl.plur ɾaɾaxʷaɡ brick -at͡ʃ plur -at not.def -akʷ NOM wakʷaːɾ COMP ɡʷamaiʃ thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ au ʃ">t͡ʃauʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɾ a ɾ a xʷ a ɡ">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="s a t͡ʃ">sat͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="x a f a w">xafaw</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ au ʃ">t͡ʃauʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɾ a ɾ a xʷ a ɡ">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="s a t͡ʃ">sat͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="x a f a w">xafaw</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">t͡ʃauʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">sat͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">at</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">xafaw</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃauʃ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sat͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xafaw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ ɲauf ɾaɾaxʷaɡatatakʷ sat͡ʃatatat xafaw</p> + <p>t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ ɲauf ɾaɾaxʷaɡatatakʷ sat͡ʃatatat xafaw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃauʃ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾaɾaxʷaɡ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sat͡ʃ</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xafaw</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ ɲauf ɾaɾaxʷaɡatatakʷ sat͡ʃatatat xafaw] t͡ʃauʃ have -aw POS takʷ PAST ɲauf 3.plur ɾaɾaxʷaɡ brick -at sing -at not.def -akʷ NOM sat͡ʃ stone -at sing -at not.def -at LOC xafaw PURP “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ au ʃ">t͡ʃauʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="m a f a kʷ a b">mafakʷab</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="x a n aː ɲ a ɡ">xanaːɲaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="x a f a w">xafaw</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ au ʃ">t͡ʃauʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="m a f a kʷ a b">mafakʷab</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="x a n aː ɲ a ɡ">xanaːɲaɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="x a f a w">xafaw</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">t͡ʃauʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">mafakʷab</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">xanaːɲaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">at</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">xafaw</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃauʃ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mafakʷab</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xanaːɲaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xafaw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɡʷaw t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ ɲauf mafakʷabatatakʷ xanaːɲaɡatatat xafaw</p> + <p>ɡʷaw t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ ɲauf mafakʷabatatakʷ xanaːɲaɡatatat xafaw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaw</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃauʃ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>mafakʷab</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xanaːɲaɡ</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xafaw</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[ɡʷaw t͡ʃauʃaw takʷ ɲauf mafakʷabatatakʷ xanaːɲaɡatatat xafaw] ɡʷaw and t͡ʃauʃ have -aw POS takʷ PAST ɲauf 3.plur mafakʷab slime -at sing -at not.def -akʷ NOM xanaːɲaɡ mortar -at sing -at not.def -at LOC xafaw PURP “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/negation/obligatoryGot NEG
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɡ a ɾ a b">ɡaɾab</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k au">kau</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː ɡʷ">xʷaːɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɡ a ɾ a b">ɡaɾab</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="k au">kau</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="xʷ aː ɡʷ">xʷaːɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">ɡaɾab</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">at</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">kau</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">xʷaːɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡaɾab</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaːw</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kau</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaːɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɡaɾabat xʷaːw kau xʷaːɡʷat͡ʃatakʷ</p> + <p>ɡaɾabat xʷaːw kau xʷaːɡʷat͡ʃatakʷ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡaɾab</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaːw</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kau</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaːɡʷ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[ɡaɾabat xʷaːw kau xʷaːɡʷat͡ʃatakʷ] ɡaɾab resemble -at NEG xʷaːw 1incl.plur kau other xʷaːɡʷ human being -at͡ʃ plur -at not.def -akʷ NOM “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" number="plur"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʷ a kʷ ai ɾ">kʷakʷaiɾ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="k a x">kax</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʃ ai t͡ʃ">ʃait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʷ a kʷ ai ɾ">kʷakʷaiɾ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="k a x">kax</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʃ ai t͡ʃ">ʃait͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kʷakʷaiɾ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">kax</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">ʃait͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷakʷaiɾ</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kax</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡaim</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>kʷakʷaiɾaw takʷ kaxatatakʷ ɡʷaw ʃait͡ʃatatakʷ ɲauf ɡaimat͡ʃanakʷ</p> + <p>kʷakʷaiɾaw takʷ kaxatatakʷ ɡʷaw ʃait͡ʃatatakʷ ɲauf ɡaimat͡ʃanakʷ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kʷakʷaiɾ</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kax</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaw</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃait͡ʃ</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡaim</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[kʷakʷaiɾaw takʷ kaxatatakʷ ɡʷaw ʃait͡ʃatatakʷ ɲauf ɡaimat͡ʃanakʷ] kʷakʷaiɾ shape -aw POS takʷ PAST kax fight -at sing -at not.def -akʷ NOM ɡʷaw and ʃait͡ʃ time -at sing -at not.def -akʷ NOM ɲauf 3.plur ɡaim language -at͡ʃ plur -an def -akʷ NOM “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" number="plur"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ a ɡ ai b">ɲaɡaib</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɲ a ɡ a j a x">ɲaɡajax</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="x a d">xad</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="ɡ au ɡʷ">ɡauɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɲ a ɡ ai b">ɲaɡaib</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ɲ au f">ɲauf</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɲ a ɡ a j a x">ɲaɡajax</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="x a d">xad</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="ɡ au ɡʷ">ɡauɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ʃ">at͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɲaɡaib</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ɲauf</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">ɲaɡajax</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">xad</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">ɡauɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">at͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲaɡaib</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauf</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲaɡajax</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xad</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡauɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɲaɡaibaw takʷ ɲauf ɲaɡajaxat͡ʃatakʷ ɡʷaw xadat͡ʃatakʷ ɡauɡʷat͡ʃanakʷ</p> + <p>ɲaɡaibaw takʷ ɲauf ɲaɡajaxat͡ʃatakʷ ɡʷaw xadat͡ʃatakʷ ɡauɡʷat͡ʃanakʷ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲaɡaib</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauf</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲaɡajax</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaw</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xad</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡauɡʷ</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ʃ</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[ɲaɡaibaw takʷ ɲauf ɲaɡajaxat͡ʃatakʷ ɡʷaw xadat͡ʃatakʷ ɡauɡʷat͡ʃanakʷ] ɲaɡaib copy -aw POS takʷ PAST ɲauf 3.plur ɲaɡajax mammal -at͡ʃ plur -at not.def -akʷ NOM ɡʷaw and xad bird -at͡ʃ plur -at not.def -akʷ NOM ɡauɡʷ sound -at͡ʃ plur -an def -akʷ NOM “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module NRel:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ </np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
+ <np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np id="parent" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> - </relp> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="s a ʃ">saʃ</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a ɡ au d">kaɡaud</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="ɾ ai w a ɡ">ɾaiwaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" ph="k a kʷ">kakʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="xʷ a w">xʷaw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="x au x">xaux</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="x aː ɲ a m">xaːɲam</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="s a ʃ">saʃ</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k a ɡ au d">kaɡaud</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="ɾ ai w a ɡ">ɾaiwaɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" ph="k a kʷ">kakʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="xʷ a w">xʷaw</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="x au x">xaux</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="x aː ɲ a m">xaːɲam</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">saʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kaɡaud</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">ɾaiwaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ,</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">kakʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">xʷaw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" comma="after">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ,</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">xaux</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">xaːɲam</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">fas</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saʃ</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kaɡaud</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾaiwaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kakʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaːw</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡaim</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xaux</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xaːɲam</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fas</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>saʃ kaɡaudaw takʷ ɾaiwaɡatanakʷ, kakʷ xʷawaw xʷaːw ɡaimatanakʷ, xaux xaːɲamatatat fas</p> + <p>saʃ kaɡaudaw takʷ ɾaiwaɡatanakʷ, kakʷ xʷawaw xʷaːw ɡaimatanakʷ, xaux xaːɲamatatat fas</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>saʃ</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kaɡaud</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾaiwaɡ</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kakʷ</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaw</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaːw</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡaim</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xaux</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xaːɲam</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fas</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[saʃ kaɡaudaw takʷ ɾaiwaɡatanakʷ, kakʷ xʷawaw xʷaːw ɡaimatanakʷ, xaux xaːɲamatatat fas] saʃ but kaɡaud arise -aw POS takʷ PAST ɾaiwaɡ langname -at sing -an def -akʷ NOM kakʷ RELPRON xʷaw be -aw POS xʷaːw 1incl.plur ɡaim language -at sing -an def -akʷ NOM xaux different xaːɲam manner -at sing -at not.def -at LOC fas in_inside “But Raiwag, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <np role="pred" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for def/defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/case/obligatory
Got LOC
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" number="plur"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ a s a w">ɡasaw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="p a ɡ">paɡ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="f a kʷ">fakʷ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ɡ a ɡ aː n">ɡaɡaːn</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="w a b">wab</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɲ a kʷ a t a xʷ">ɲakʷataxʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ a s a w">ɡasaw</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="p a ɡ">paɡ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="f a kʷ">fakʷ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ɡʷ a w">ɡʷaw</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ɡ a ɡ aː n">ɡaɡaːn</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="w a b">wab</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" ph="ɲ a kʷ a t a xʷ">ɲakʷataxʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɡasaw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">paɡ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">fakʷ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur">ɡʷaw</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">ɡaɡaːn</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">wab</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">ɲakʷataxʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">at</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">at</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">fas</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡasaw</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">paɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fakʷ</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷaw</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡaɡaːn</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wab</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲakʷataxʷ</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fas</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>ɡasawaw takʷ paɡ fakʷ ɡʷaw ɡaɡaːn wab ɲakʷataxʷatatat fas</p> + <p>ɡasawaw takʷ paɡ fakʷ ɡʷaw ɡaɡaːn wab ɲakʷataxʷatatat fas</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡasaw</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>paɡ</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fakʷ</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷaw</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡaɡaːn</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wab</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲakʷataxʷ</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fas</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[ɡasawaw takʷ paɡ fakʷ ɡʷaw ɡaɡaːn wab ɲakʷataxʷatatat fas] ɡasaw appear -aw POS takʷ PAST paɡ 3.sing fakʷ whole ɡʷaw and ɡaɡaːn perfect wab single ɲakʷataxʷ breath -at sing -at not.def -at LOC fas in_inside “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur"> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for case/defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/negation/obligatoryGot NEG
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a x au ɡ">daxauɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a x au ɡ">daxauɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="xʷ aː w">xʷaːw</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="ɡ ai m">ɡaim</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="a t">at</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="a n">an</thingy> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a kʷ">akʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">daxauɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">at</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">xʷaːw</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">ɡaim</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">at</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">an</thingy> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">akʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">daxauɡ</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaːw</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡaim</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-an</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-akʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span></p> + <p>daxauɡat takʷ xʷaːw ɡaimatanakʷ</p> + <p>daxauɡat takʷ xʷaːw ɡaimatanakʷ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>daxauɡ</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʷaːw</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡaim</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-an</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-akʷ</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[daxauɡat takʷ xʷaːw ɡaimatanakʷ] daxauɡ evolve -at NEG takʷ PAST xʷaːw 1incl.plur ɡaim language -at sing -an def -akʷ NOM “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/negation/obligatoryGot POS
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ a xʷ a t͡ʃ">t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" ph="p a ɡ">paɡ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ a xʷ a t͡ʃ">t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="a w">aw</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="t a kʷ">takʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" ph="p a ɡ">paɡ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">aw</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">takʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number">paɡ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-aw</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">takʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">paɡ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span></p> + <p>t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃaw takʷ paɡ</p> + <p>t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃaw takʷ paɡ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃ</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-aw</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>takʷ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>paɡ</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
[t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃaw takʷ paɡ] t͡ʃaxʷat͡ʃ create -aw POS takʷ PAST paɡ 3.sing “It was created.” | (14) |
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