A Collection of Texts in Yud
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - </pp> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="aː s">aːs</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="h a ɽ">haɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ŋ e m">ŋem</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ aː w">t͡ʃaːw</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="j o̰ t">jo̰t</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ʈ aː d">ʈaːd</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="f i ɽ">fiɽ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="j o n">jon</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="f i ɽ">fiɽ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="p i t͡ʃ o k">pit͡ʃok</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="aː s">aːs</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="h a ɽ">haɽ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ŋ e m">ŋem</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ aː w">t͡ʃaːw</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="j o̰ t">jo̰t</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ʈ aː d">ʈaːd</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="f i ɽ">fiɽ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="j o n">jon</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="f i ɽ">fiɽ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="p i t͡ʃ o k">pit͡ʃok</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">aːs</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">haɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ŋem</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃaːw</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">jo̰t</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">ʈaːd</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">fiɽ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">ɡit</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">jon</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">fiɽ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">pit͡ʃok</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">aːs</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">haɽ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋem</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bik</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaːw</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jo̰t</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɲ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈaːd</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fiɽ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡit</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jon</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fiɽ</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pit͡ʃok</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n naːsḭɡ haɽ ŋem fḛf bik t͡ʃaːw jo̰t fḛɲ ʈaːd fiɽ ɡit jon fiɽ pit͡ʃok</p> + <p>ha’n naasi’g harr ngem fe’f bik chaaw jo’t fe’ñ rtaad firr git jon firr pichok</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>aːs</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>haɽ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋem</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bik</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaːw</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jo̰t</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɲ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈaːd</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fiɽ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡit</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jon</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fiɽ</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pit͡ʃok</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n naasi’g harr ngem fe’f bik chaaw jo’t fe’ñ rtaad firr git jon firr pichok. [ha̰n naːsḭɡ haɽ ŋem fḛf bik t͡ʃaːw jo̰t fḛɲ ʈaːd fiɽ ɡit jon fiɽ pit͡ʃok] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ aːs have -ḭɡ POS haɽ human being ŋem all fḛ the -f plur bik LOC t͡ʃaːw earth jo̰t whole fḛ the -ɲ sing ʈaːd in_surface fiɽ one ɡit language jon and fiɽ one pit͡ʃok dialect “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ɖ a t">uɖat</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u t͡ʃ">t͡ʃut͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="k aː j">kaːj</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ɖ a t">uɖat</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u t͡ʃ">t͡ʃut͡ʃ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="k aː j">kaːj</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">uɖat</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃut͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ɲ</thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">kaːj</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">uɖat</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bik</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɲ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kaːj</span><br><span class="gls">from_inside</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n nuɖatḭɡ ɳaif bik t͡ʃut͡ʃ fḛɲ kaːj</p> + <p>ha’n nurdati’g rnaif bik chuch fe’ñ kaaj</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>uɖat</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bik</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃut͡ʃ</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɲ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kaːj</o> + <g>from_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n nurdati’g rnaif bik chuch fe’ñ kaaj. [ha̰n nuɖatḭɡ ɳaif bik t͡ʃut͡ʃ fḛɲ kaːj] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ uɖat journey -ḭɡ POS ɳai 3.plur -f plur bik LOC t͡ʃut͡ʃ east fḛ the -ɲ sing kaːj from_inside “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="j o n">jon</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="a ʈ">aʈ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="k e w eː ɽ">keweːɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s aː ɳ">saːɳ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i n">tin</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ɖ o̰ ɖ">ɖo̰ɖ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="j o n">jon</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="a ʈ">aʈ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="k e w eː ɽ">keweːɽ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s aː ɳ">saːɳ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t i n">tin</word> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ɖ o̰ ɖ">ɖo̰ɖ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">jon</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">aʈ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">keweːɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">saːɳ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">tin</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">ɖo̰ɖ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jon</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">aʈ</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">keweːɽ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saːɳ</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bik</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tin</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖo̰ɖ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>jon ha̰n naʈḭɡ ɳaif keweːɽ saːɳ bik tin ɖo̰ɖ</p> + <p>jon ha’n narti’g rnaif keweerr saarn bik tin rdo’rd</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>jon</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>aʈ</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>keweːɽ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>saːɳ</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bik</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tin</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖo̰ɖ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Jon ha’n narti’g rnaif keweerr saarn bik tin rdo’rd. [jon ha̰n naʈḭɡ ɳaif keweːɽ saːɳ bik tin ɖo̰ɖ] jon and ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ aʈ find -ḭɡ POS ɳai 3.plur -f plur keweːɽ plain saːɳ wide bik LOC tin land ɖo̰ɖ in_inside “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s a ɲ u k">saɲuk</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e m a ɖ">emaɖ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="d i b">dib</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="s a ɲ u k">saɲuk</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="e m a ɖ">emaɖ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="d i b">dib</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">saɲuk</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">emaɖ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">dib</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saɲuk</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">emaɖ</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dib</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>saɲuk ha̰n nemaɖḭɡ ɳaif dib</p> + <p>sañuk ha’n nemardi’g rnaif dib</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>saɲuk</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>emaɖ</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dib</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Sañuk ha’n nemardi’g rnaif dib. [saɲuk ha̰n nemaɖḭɡ ɳaif dib] saɲuk thus ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ emaɖ dwell -ḭɡ POS ɳai 3.plur -f plur dib there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
- </vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ </vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
- </vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ </vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- </np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
+ </np>
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
+ </np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> <subs> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> <subs> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl" type="owner_owned">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl" type="owner_owned">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- </np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl" type="owner_owned">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="3.sing" person="1incl" type="owner_owned">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
calling defaultval for subj/
defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
calling defaultval for subj/
defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 1incl.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 1incl.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
</subs>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <subs> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <subs> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - </subs> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i s">is</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u ɽ o m">t͡ʃuɽom</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="b i n">bin</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur" ph="a b">ab</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.POSS" ph="ɽ a ɖ">ɽaɖ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" ph="ɡ ḭ">ɡḭ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="j o n">jon</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u ɽ o m">t͡ʃuɽom</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="b i n">bin</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur" ph="i w">iw</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ o̰ t͡ʃ a̰ ɖ">ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.POSS" ph="ɽ a ɖ">ɽaɖ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" ph="ɡ ḭ">ɡḭ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="i s">is</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u ɽ o m">t͡ʃuɽom</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="b i n">bin</thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur" ph="a b">ab</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.POSS" ph="ɽ a ɖ">ɽaɖ</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" ph="ɡ ḭ">ɡḭ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="j o n">jon</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u ɽ o m">t͡ʃuɽom</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="b i n">bin</thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur" ph="i w">iw</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ o̰ t͡ʃ a̰ ɖ">ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.POSS" ph="ɽ a ɖ">ɽaɖ</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" ph="ɡ ḭ">ɡḭ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">is</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN">ʈuk</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃuɽom</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative">bin</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">ab</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.POSS">ɽaɖ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur">ɡḭ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">jon</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN">ʈuk</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃuɽom</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="imperative">bin</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur">iw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.POSS">ɽaɖ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur">ɡḭ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">is</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈuk</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃuɽom</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bin</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ab</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽaɖ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡḭ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jon</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈuk</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃuɽom</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bin</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">iw</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽaɖ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡḭ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n nisḭɡ ɳaif ʈuk t͡ʃuɽom bin nabḭɡ ɽaɖ ɡḭf jon ʈuk t͡ʃuɽom bin niwḭɡ ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ ɽaɖ ɡḭf</p> + <p>ha’n nisi’g rnaif rtuk churrom bin nabi’g rrard gi’f jon rtuk churrom bin niwi’g rno’cha’rd rrard gi’f</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>is</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈuk</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃuɽom</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bin</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ab</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽaɖ</o> + <g>3.sing.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡḭ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jon</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈuk</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃuɽom</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bin</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>iw</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽaɖ</o> + <g>3.sing.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡḭ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n nisi’g rnaif rtuk churrom bin nabi’g rrard gi’f jon rtuk churrom bin niwi’g rno’cha’rd rrard gi’f. [ha̰n nisḭɡ ɳaif ʈuk t͡ʃuɽom bin nabḭɡ ɽaɖ ɡḭf jon ʈuk t͡ʃuɽom bin niwḭɡ ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ ɽaɖ ɡḭf] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ is say -ḭɡ POS ɳai 3.plur -f plur ʈuk GEN t͡ʃuɽom brick bin imperative n- 3.sing.SUBJ ab make -ḭɡ POS ɽaɖ 3.sing.POSS ɡḭ 1incl.plur -f plur jon and ʈuk GEN t͡ʃuɽom brick bin imperative n- 3.sing.SUBJ iw burn -ḭɡ POS ɳo̰t͡ʃa̰ɖ thoroughly ɽaɖ 3.sing.POSS ɡḭ 1incl.plur -f plur “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="aː s">aːs</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u ɽ o m">t͡ʃuɽom</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="d ai d">daid</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="f i n o̰ ɲ">fino̰ɲ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="aː s">aːs</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ u ɽ o m">t͡ʃuɽom</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="d ai d">daid</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="f i n o̰ ɲ">fino̰ɲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">aːs</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃuɽom</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">daid</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">fino̰ɲ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">aːs</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃuɽom</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bik</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">daid</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fino̰ɲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n naːsḭɡ ɳaif t͡ʃuɽom bik daid fino̰ɲ</p> + <p>ha’n naasi’g rnaif churrom bik daid fino’ñ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>aːs</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃuɽom</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bik</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>daid</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fino̰ɲ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n naasi’g rnaif churrom bik daid fino’ñ. [ha̰n naːsḭɡ ɳaif t͡ʃuɽom bik daid fino̰ɲ] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ aːs have -ḭɡ POS ɳai 3.plur -f plur t͡ʃuɽom brick bik LOC daid stone fino̰ɲ PURP “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> </pp> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="j o n">jon</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="aː s">aːs</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f i f iː p">fifiːp</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="h a̰ ɲ e s">ha̰ɲes</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="f i n o̰ ɲ">fino̰ɲ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="j o n">jon</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="aː s">aːs</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f i f iː p">fifiːp</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="h a̰ ɲ e s">ha̰ɲes</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="f i n o̰ ɲ">fino̰ɲ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">jon</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">aːs</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fifiːp</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">ha̰ɲes</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">fino̰ɲ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jon</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">aːs</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fifiːp</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bik</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰ɲes</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fino̰ɲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>jon ha̰n naːsḭɡ ɳaif fifiːp bik ha̰ɲes fino̰ɲ</p> + <p>jon ha’n naasi’g rnaif fifiip bik ha’ñes fino’ñ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>jon</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>aːs</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fifiːp</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bik</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha̰ɲes</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fino̰ɲ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Jon ha’n naasi’g rnaif fifiip bik ha’ñes fino’ñ. [jon ha̰n naːsḭɡ ɳaif fifiːp bik ha̰ɲes fino̰ɲ] jon and ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ aːs have -ḭɡ POS ɳai 3.plur -f plur fifiːp slime bik LOC ha̰ɲes mortar fino̰ɲ PURP “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/negation/obligatory
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for 1incl.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="iː s a ɖ">iːsaɖ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ ʈ">ṵʈ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɡ ḭ">ɡḭ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="h a ɽ">haɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s e s">ses</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="iː s a ɖ">iːsaɖ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ ʈ">ṵʈ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɡ ḭ">ɡḭ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="h a ɽ">haɽ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s e s">ses</word> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">iːsaɖ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">ṵʈ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɡḭ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">haɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ses</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">iːsaɖ</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ṵʈ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡḭ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">haɽ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ses</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span></p> + <p>niːsaɖṵʈ ɡḭf haɽ ses</p> + <p>niisardu’rt gi’f harr ses</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>iːsaɖ</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ṵʈ</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡḭ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>haɽ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ses</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Niisardu’rt gi’f harr ses. [niːsaɖṵʈ ɡḭf haɽ ses] n- 3.sing.SUBJ iːsaɖ resemble -ṵʈ NEG ɡḭ 1incl.plur -f plur haɽ human being ses other “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
- </np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np type="owner_owned" number="plur"> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="au ŋ ḭ ɳ">auŋḭɳ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɲ au j">ɲauj</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="j o n">jon</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɖ a ɡ">ɖaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur.POSS" ph="t i ŋ">tiŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="au ŋ ḭ ɳ">auŋḭɳ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɲ au j">ɲauj</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="j o n">jon</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɖ a ɡ">ɖaɡ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur.POSS" ph="t i ŋ">tiŋ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">auŋḭɳ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">ɲauj</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">jon</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">ɖaɡ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur.POSS">tiŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme">ɡit</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="theme">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN">ʈuk</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">auŋḭɳ</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauj</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jon</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡit</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈuk</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n nauŋḭɳḭɡ ɲauj jon ɖaɡ tiŋ ɡit fḛf ʈuk ɳaif</p> + <p>ha’n naungi’rni’g ñauj jon rdag ting git fe’f rtuk rnaif</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>auŋḭɳ</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauj</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jon</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖaɡ</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tiŋ</o> + <g>3.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡit</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈuk</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n naungi’rni’g ñauj jon rdag ting git fe’f rtuk rnaif. [ha̰n nauŋḭɳḭɡ ɲauj jon ɖaɡ tiŋ ɡit fḛf ʈuk ɳaif] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ auŋḭɳ shape -ḭɡ POS ɲauj fight jon and ɖaɡ time tiŋ 3.plur.POSS ɡit language fḛ the -f plur ʈuk GEN ɳai 3.plur -f plur “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np type="owner_owned" number="plur"> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner">
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.plur/pron/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="a k a ɡ">akaɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur.POSS" ph="t i ŋ">tiŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme" ph="f i k">fik</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t u s uː d">tusuːd</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="j o n">jon</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d o p">dop</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="a k a ɡ">akaɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ ai">ɳai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur.POSS" ph="t i ŋ">tiŋ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme" ph="f i k">fik</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ʈ u k">ʈuk</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t u s uː d">tusuːd</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="j o n">jon</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="d o p">dop</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">akaɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">ɳai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="3.plur.POSS">tiŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme">fik</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3.plur" tr="rheme">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">f</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="GEN">ʈuk</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">tusuːd</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">jon</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">dop</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">akaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳai</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fik</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈuk</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tusuːd</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jon</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dop</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n nakaɡḭɡ ɳaif tiŋ fik fḛf ʈuk tusuːd jon dop</p> + <p>ha’n nakagi’g rnaif ting fik fe’f rtuk tusuud jon dop</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>akaɡ</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳai</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tiŋ</o> + <g>3.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fik</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈuk</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tusuːd</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jon</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dop</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n nakagi’g rnaif ting fik fe’f rtuk tusuud jon dop. [ha̰n nakaɡḭɡ ɳaif tiŋ fik fḛf ʈuk tusuːd jon dop] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ akaɡ copy -ḭɡ POS ɳai 3.plur -f plur tiŋ 3.plur.POSS fik sound fḛ the -f plur ʈuk GEN tusuːd mammal jon and dop bird “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module NRel:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
- </vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np id="parent">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <relp comma="after">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ </np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ </vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent">
+ <np id="parent" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np id="parent" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp">
+ <np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
- <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+ <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <relp comma="after"> <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for RELPRON/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<relp comma="after">
<np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np id="parent" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <relp comma="after"> - <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" comma="after"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - </relp> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" comma="after"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ʈ e t͡ʃ">ʈet͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="a d a ʈ">adaʈ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner" ph="j u d">jud</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner" ph="j ai">jai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="uː ɖ">uːɖ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="f o̰ ŋ">fo̰ŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" comma="after" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ i m">ɳim</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ aː m">t͡ʃaːm</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɖ o̰ ɖ">ɖo̰ɖ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ʈ e t͡ʃ">ʈet͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="a d a ʈ">adaʈ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner" ph="j u d">jud</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner" ph="j ai">jai</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="uː ɖ">uːɖ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="f o̰ ŋ">fo̰ŋ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" comma="after" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɳ i m">ɳim</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ aː m">t͡ʃaːm</word> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɖ o̰ ɖ">ɖo̰ɖ</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">ʈet͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">adaʈ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">jud</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" id="headnp" possessor="no.owner">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ɲ,</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" possessor="no.owner">jai</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">d</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">uːɖ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS">fo̰ŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">ɡit</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" comma="after">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ɲ,</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">ɳim</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃaːm</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ɖo̰ɖ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈet͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">adaʈ</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jud</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɲ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jai</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">RELPRON</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">uːɖ</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo̰ŋ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡit</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɲ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bik</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳim</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaːm</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖo̰ɖ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>ʈet͡ʃ ha̰n nadaʈḭɡ jud fḛɲ, jaid nuːɖḭɡ fo̰ŋ ɡit fḛɲ, bik ɳim t͡ʃaːm ɖo̰ɖ</p> + <p>rtech ha’n nadarti’g jud fe’ñ, jaid nuurdi’g fo’ng git fe’ñ, bik rnim chaam rdo’rd</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʈet͡ʃ</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>adaʈ</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jud</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɲ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jai</o> + <g>RELPRON</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>uːɖ</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo̰ŋ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡit</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɲ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bik</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳim</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaːm</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖo̰ɖ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Rtech ha’n nadarti’g jud fe’ñ, jaid nuurdi’g fo’ng git fe’ñ, bik rnim chaam rdo’rd. [ʈet͡ʃ ha̰n nadaʈḭɡ jud fḛɲ, jaid nuːɖḭɡ fo̰ŋ ɡit fḛɲ, bik ɳim t͡ʃaːm ɖo̰ɖ] ʈet͡ʃ but ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ adaʈ arise -ḭɡ POS jud langname fḛ the -ɲ sing jai RELPRON -d sing n- 3.sing.SUBJ uːɖ be -ḭɡ POS fo̰ŋ 1incl.plur.POSS ɡit language fḛ the -ɲ sing bik LOC ɳim manner t͡ʃaːm different ɖo̰ɖ in_inside “But Yud, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" number="plur">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> <np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> </pp> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</np>
- <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ɲ a ɽ">uɲaɽ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t ḛ">tḛ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="j o̰ t">jo̰t</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" ph="j o n">jon</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="m i n i t">minit</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="n a̰ ɡ u n">na̰ɡun</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ e m">ʈem</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɖ o̰ ɖ">ɖo̰ɖ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="u ɲ a ɽ">uɲaɽ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t ḛ">tḛ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="j o̰ t">jo̰t</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" ph="j o n">jon</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="m i n i t">minit</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="b i k">bik</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="n a̰ ɡ u n">na̰ɡun</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ e m">ʈem</word> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɖ o̰ ɖ">ɖo̰ɖ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">uɲaɽ</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">tḛ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">d</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">jo̰t</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">jon</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">minit</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">bik</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">na̰ɡun</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">ʈem</word> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ɖo̰ɖ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">uɲaɽ</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tḛ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jo̰t</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jon</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">minit</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bik</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">na̰ɡun</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈem</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖo̰ɖ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n nuɲaɽḭɡ tḛd jo̰t jon minit bik na̰ɡun ʈem ɖo̰ɖ</p> + <p>ha’n nuñarri’g te’d jo’t jon minit bik na’gun rtem rdo’rd</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>uɲaɽ</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tḛ</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jo̰t</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jon</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>minit</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bik</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>na̰ɡun</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈem</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖo̰ɖ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n nuñarri’g te’d jo’t jon minit bik na’gun rtem rdo’rd [ha̰n nuɲaɽḭɡ tḛd jo̰t jon minit bik na̰ɡun ʈem ɖo̰ɖ] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ uɲaɽ appear -ḭɡ POS tḛ 3.sing -d sing jo̰t whole jon and minit perfect bik LOC na̰ɡun breath ʈem single ɖo̰ɖ in_inside “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np type="owner_owned" number="sing"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/negation/obligatory
Got NEG
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ḛ ɲ i w">ḛɲiw</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ ʈ">ṵʈ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="f o̰ ŋ">fo̰ŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ḛ ɲ i w">ḛɲiw</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ ʈ">ṵʈ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="f o̰ ŋ">fo̰ŋ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="ɡ i t">ɡit</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="f ḛ">fḛ</word> - <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɲ">ɲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ḛɲiw</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="NEG">ṵʈ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS">fo̰ŋ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">ɡit</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">fḛ</word> + <thingy type="detnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ɲ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ḛɲiw</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ṵʈ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fo̰ŋ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡit</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fḛ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɲ</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n nḛɲiwṵʈ fo̰ŋ ɡit fḛɲ</p> + <p>ha’n ne’ñiwu’rt fo’ng git fe’ñ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ḛɲiw</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ṵʈ</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fo̰ŋ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡit</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fḛ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɲ</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n ne’ñiwu’rt fo’ng git fe’ñ. [ha̰n nḛɲiwṵʈ fo̰ŋ ɡit fḛɲ] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ ḛɲiw evolve -ṵʈ NEG fo̰ŋ 1incl.plur.POSS ɡit language fḛ the -ɲ sing “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module NRel:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> </np> </s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
calling defaultval for subj/defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3.sing
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/subj/obligatoryGot 3.sing
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ai ɳ i t">aiɳit</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t ḛ">tḛ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="h a̰ n">ha̰n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" attach="prefix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ai ɳ i t">aiɳit</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ ɡ">ḭɡ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="t ḛ">tḛ</word> - <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ha̰n</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="prefix" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ">n</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">aiɳit</word> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">ḭɡ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">tḛ</word> + <thingy type="pronnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">d</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ha̰n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">n-</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">aiɳit</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">POS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tḛ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>ha̰n naiɳitḭɡ tḛd</p> + <p>ha’n nairniti’g te’d</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ha̰n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>n-</o> + <g>3.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>aiɳit</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭɡ</o> + <g>POS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tḛ</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ha’n nairniti’g te’d. [ha̰n naiɳitḭɡ tḛd] ha̰n PAST n- 3.sing.SUBJ aiɳit create -ḭɡ POS tḛ 3.sing -d sing “It was created.” | (14) |
Language creation took 0.04 seconds; writing the texts 0.05 seconds.