A Collection of Texts in Yosh
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.7
About to call getSlotValue for all/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for whole/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.7"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.7"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.7"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.7" attach="suffix" ph="nˤ">nˤ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ d">nḭd</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ au nˤ">ʈaunˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɖ a t">ɖat</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t e k">tek</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="tˤ e ʂ">tˤeʂ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ʂ au j">ʂauj</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="dˤ i sˤ a b">dˤisˤab</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ʂ au j">ʂauj</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word>
<thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.7" attach="suffix" ph="nˤ">nˤ</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ d">nḭd</word>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ au nˤ">ʈaunˤ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɖ a t">ɖat</word>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word>
<thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t e k">tek</word>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="tˤ e ʂ">tˤeʂ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ʂ au j">ʂauj</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="dˤ i sˤ a b">dˤisˤab</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ʂ au j">ʂauj</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.7" attach="suffix" ph="nˤ">nˤ</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="n ḭ d">nḭd</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ au nˤ">ʈaunˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɖ a t">ɖat</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t e k">tek</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="tˤ e ʂ">tˤeʂ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ʂ au j">ʂauj</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="dˤ i sˤ a b">dˤisˤab</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" ph="ʂ au j">ʂauj</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">hi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.7">nˤ</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">nḭd</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">ʈaunˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="i m">um</thingy> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">ɖat</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">m</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tek</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tˤeʂ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">ʂauj</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">dˤisˤab</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="obj">ʂauj</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˤ</span><br><span class="gls">cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nḭd</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈaunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖat</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-m</span><br><span class="gls">cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tek</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tˤeʂ</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">misˤ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂauj</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤisˤab</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂauj</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span></p> + <p>hin t͡ʃinˤ nḭdas ʈaunˤum ɖat t͡ʃim tekas tˤeʂḭj misˤḭj ʂauj fanˤ dˤisˤabḭj ʂauj</p> + <p>hin chiṇ ni’das rtauṇum rdat chim tekas ṭersi’j miṣi’j rsauj faṇ ḍiṣabi’j rsauj</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>hi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-nˤ</o> + <g>cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>nḭd</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈaunˤ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖat</o> + <g>in_surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-m</o> + <g>cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tek</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tˤeʂ</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>misˤ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂauj</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fanˤ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤisˤab</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂauj</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Hin chiṇ ni’das rtauṇum rdat chim tekas ṭersi’j miṣi’j rsauj faṇ ḍiṣabi’j rsauj. [hin t͡ʃinˤ nḭdas ʈaunˤum ɖat t͡ʃim tekas tˤeʂḭj misˤḭj ʂauj fanˤ dˤisˤabḭj ʂauj] hi have -n PAST t͡ʃi the -nˤ cl.7 nḭd all -as NOM ʈaunˤ human being -im plur ɖat in_surface t͡ʃi the -m cl.3 tek whole -as NOM tˤeʂ earth -ḭj sing misˤ language -ḭj sing ʂauj one fanˤ and dˤisˤab dialect -ḭj sing ʂauj one “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a t e">fate</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ʃ u ɾ">ʃuɾ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.12" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i t͡ʃ">sit͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a t e">fate</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ʃ u ɾ">ʃuɾ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.12" attach="suffix" ph="d">d</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="s i t͡ʃ">sit͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">fate</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word gloss="from_inside" posp="pp" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">ʃuɾ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.12">d</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">sit͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fate</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃuɾ</span><br><span class="gls">from_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-d</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sit͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>faten fum ʃuɾ t͡ʃid sit͡ʃḭj</p> + <p>faten fum shur chid sichi’j</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>fate</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃuɾ</o> + <g>from_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-d</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sit͡ʃ</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Faten fum shur chid sichi’j. [faten fum ʃuɾ t͡ʃid sit͡ʃḭj] fate journey -n PAST fum 3.plur.cl.7 ʃuɾ from_inside t͡ʃi the -d cl.12 sit͡ʃ east -ḭj sing “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for wide/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t e">te</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ u s">t͡ɕus</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t a s+t i ŋ">tastiŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ŋ u ɽ">ŋuɽ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="tˤ ḭ sˤ">tˤḭsˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t e">te</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ u s">t͡ɕus</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="t a s+t i ŋ">tastiŋ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ŋ u ɽ">ŋuɽ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="tˤ ḭ sˤ">tˤḭsˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">te</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">t͡ɕus</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tastiŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">ŋuɽ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">tˤḭsˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">te</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕus</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tastiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuɽ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tˤḭsˤ</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>fanˤ ten fum t͡ɕusas tastiŋḭj ŋuɽ tˤḭsˤḭj</p> + <p>faṇ ten fum tyusas tastingi’j ngurr ṭi’ṣi’j</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>fanˤ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>te</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕus</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tastiŋ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuɽ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tˤḭsˤ</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Faṇ ten fum tyusas tastingi’j ngurr ṭi’ṣi’j. [fanˤ ten fum t͡ɕusas tastiŋḭj ŋuɽ tˤḭsˤḭj] fanˤ and te find -n PAST fum 3.plur.cl.7 t͡ɕus wide -as NOM tastiŋ plain -ḭj sing ŋuɽ in_inside tˤḭsˤ land -ḭj sing “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="ɲ a̰ ɲ a dˤ">ɲa̰ɲadˤ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s i p a">sipa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="sˤ o p">sˤop</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="ɲ a̰ ɲ a dˤ">ɲa̰ɲadˤ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s i p a">sipa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="sˤ o p">sˤop</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">ɲa̰ɲadˤ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">sipa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">sˤop</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲa̰ɲadˤ</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sipa</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤop</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>ɲa̰ɲadˤ sipan fum sˤop</p> + <p>ña’ñaḍ sipan fum ṣop</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲa̰ɲadˤ</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sipa</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤop</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ña’ñaḍ sipan fum ṣop. [ɲa̰ɲadˤ sipan fum sˤop] ɲa̰ɲadˤ thus sipa dwell -n PAST fum 3.plur.cl.7 sˤop there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" type="owner_owned" person="1incl">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> </np> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> </np> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> - </np> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> - </np> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> - </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="nˤ i">nˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="d au ɡ">dauɡ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS" ph="dˤ i w">dˤiw</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11" ph="dˤ o">dˤo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʂ i j">ʂij</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" ph="b a tˤ a ʃ">batˤaʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="d au ɡ">dauɡ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS" ph="dˤ i w">dˤiw</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11" ph="f a">fa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʂ i j">ʂij</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" ph="b a tˤ a ʃ">batˤaʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="dˤ a d ḭ d">dˤadḭd</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="nˤ i">nˤi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="d au ɡ">dauɡ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS" ph="dˤ i w">dˤiw</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11" ph="dˤ o">dˤo</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʂ i j">ʂij</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" ph="b a tˤ a ʃ">batˤaʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="d au ɡ">dauɡ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS" ph="dˤ i w">dˤiw</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11" ph="f a">fa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʂ i j">ʂij</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" ph="b a tˤ a ʃ">batˤaʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" ph="dˤ a d ḭ d">dˤadḭd</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">nˤi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">dauɡ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS">dˤiw</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">dˤo</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ɾ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">ʂij</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">batˤaʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">im</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">fanˤ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">dauɡ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS">dˤiw</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.11">fa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ɾ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">ʂij</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">batˤaʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">im</thingy> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly">dˤadḭd</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nˤi</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dauɡ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤiw</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.1.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤo</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɾ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂij</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">batˤaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dauɡ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤiw</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.1.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fa</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɾ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂij</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">batˤaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤadḭd</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>nˤin fum dauɡ dˤiw dˤoɾ ʂij batˤaʃim fanˤ dauɡ dˤiw faɾ ʂij batˤaʃim dˤadḭd</p> + <p>ṇin fum daug ḍiw ḍor rsij baṭashim faṇ daug ḍiw far rsij baṭashim ḍadi’d</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>nˤi</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dauɡ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤiw</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.1.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤo</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɾ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂij</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>batˤaʃ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fanˤ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dauɡ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤiw</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.1.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fa</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɾ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂij</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>batˤaʃ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤadḭd</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ṇin fum daug ḍiw ḍor rsij baṭashim faṇ daug ḍiw far rsij baṭashim ḍadi’d. [nˤin fum dauɡ dˤiw dˤoɾ ʂij batˤaʃim fanˤ dauɡ dˤiw faɾ ʂij batˤaʃim dˤadḭd] nˤi say -n PAST fum 3.plur.cl.7 dauɡ 1incl.plur dˤiw 3.sing.cl.1.POSS dˤo make -ɾ PRES ʂij imperative batˤaʃ brick -im plur fanˤ and dauɡ 1incl.plur dˤiw 3.sing.cl.1.POSS fa burn -ɾ PRES ʂij imperative batˤaʃ brick -im plur dˤadḭd thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" ph="b a tˤ a ʃ">batˤaʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a m">ɾiɾam</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="w a ɡ">waɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner" ph="b a tˤ a ʃ">batˤaʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a m">ɾiɾam</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner" ph="w a ɡ">waɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">hi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.11" possessor="no.owner">batˤaʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">ɾiɾam</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="no.owner">waɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">batˤaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾiɾam</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">waɡ</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>hin fum batˤaʃḭj ɾiɾam waɡḭj</p> + <p>hin fum baṭashi’j riram wagi’j</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>hi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>batˤaʃ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾiɾam</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>waɡ</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Hin fum baṭashi’j riram wagi’j. [hin fum batˤaʃḭj ɾiɾam waɡḭj] hi have -n PAST fum 3.plur.cl.7 batˤaʃ brick -ḭj sing ɾiɾam PURP waɡ stone -ḭj sing “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˤ e ɳ o t͡ɕ">sˤeɳot͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a m">ɾiɾam</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="j a ɲ u ɡ">jaɲuɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="and" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˤ e ɳ o t͡ɕ">sˤeɳot͡ɕ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˤ o ɳ o t͡ɕ" underlying="sˤ e ɳ o t͡ɕ">sˤoɳot͡ɕ</word>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a m">ɾiɾam</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="j a ɲ u ɡ">jaɲuɡ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="h i">hi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="sˤ o ɳ o t͡ɕ" underlying="sˤ e ɳ o t͡ɕ">sˤoɳot͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose" ph="ɾ i ɾ a m">ɾiɾam</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" ph="j a ɲ u ɡ">jaɲuɡ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">hi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" underlying="sˤ e ɳ o t͡ɕ">sˤoɳot͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" role="purpose">ɾiɾam</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">jaɲuɡ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hi</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤeɳot͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɾiɾam</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jaɲuɡ</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>fanˤ hin fum sˤoɳot͡ɕṵj ɾiɾam jaɲuɡṵj</p> + <p>faṇ hin fum ṣornotyu’j riram jañugu’j</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>fanˤ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hi</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤeɳot͡ɕ</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɾiɾam</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jaɲuɡ</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Faṇ hin fum ṣornotyu’j riram jañugu’j. [fanˤ hin fum sˤoɳot͡ɕṵj ɾiɾam jaɲuɡṵj] fanˤ and hi have -n PAST fum 3.plur.cl.7 sˤeɳot͡ɕ slime -ḭj sing ɾiɾam PURP jaɲuɡ mortar -ḭj sing “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for other/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɲ ḭ ɖ a">ɲḭɖa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɽ a̰ p">ɽa̰p</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="d au ɡ">dauɡ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ a̰ dˤ">t͡ɕa̰dˤ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ au nˤ">ʈaunˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɲ ḭ ɖ a">ɲḭɖa</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɽ a̰ p">ɽa̰p</thingy>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="d au ɡ">dauɡ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ a̰ dˤ">t͡ɕa̰dˤ</word>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ au nˤ">ʈaunˤ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ɲ ḭ ɖ a">ɲḭɖa</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɽ a̰ p">ɽa̰p</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="d au ɡ">dauɡ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ a̰ dˤ">t͡ɕa̰dˤ</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʈ au nˤ">ʈaunˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">ɲḭɖa</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ɾ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">ɽa̰p</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" gender="cl.7" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">dauɡ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">t͡ɕa̰dˤ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">ʈaunˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="i m">um</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲḭɖa</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɾ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽa̰p</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dauɡ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕa̰dˤ</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈaunˤ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span></p> + <p>ɲḭɖaɾ ɽa̰p dauɡ t͡ɕa̰dˤas ʈaunˤum</p> + <p>ñi’rdar rra’p daug tya’ḍas rtauṇum</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲḭɖa</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɾ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽa̰p</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dauɡ</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕa̰dˤ</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʈaunˤ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ñi’rdar rra’p daug tya’ḍas rtauṇum. [ɲḭɖaɾ ɽa̰p dauɡ t͡ɕa̰dˤas ʈaunˤum] ɲḭɖa resemble -ɾ PRES ɽa̰p NEG dauɡ 1incl.plur t͡ɕa̰dˤ other -as NOM ʈaunˤ human being -im plur “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ e ɲ i">ɡeɲi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʂ a nˤ">ʂanˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡ e sˤ">ɡesˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7.POSS" ph="h e ɲ">heɲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ e ɲ i">ɡeɲi</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ʂ a nˤ">ʂanˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡ e sˤ">ɡesˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7.POSS" ph="h e ɲ">heɲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɡeɲi</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">ʂanˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" role="subj" tr="rheme">ɡesˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.7" tr="theme">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.7.POSS">heɲ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡeɲi</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡesˤ</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">cl.1</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">misˤ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">heɲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɡeɲin ʂanˤḭj fanˤ ɡesˤḭj fum t͡ʃif misˤim heɲ</p> + <p>geñin rsaṇi’j faṇ geṣi’j fum chif miṣim heñ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡeɲi</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂanˤ</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fanˤ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡesˤ</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>cl.1</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>misˤ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>heɲ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7.POSS</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Geñin rsaṇi’j faṇ geṣi’j fum chif miṣim heñ. [ɡeɲin ʂanˤḭj fanˤ ɡesˤḭj fum t͡ʃif misˤim heɲ] ɡeɲi shape -n PAST ʂanˤ fight -ḭj sing fanˤ and ɡesˤ time -ḭj sing fum 3.plur.cl.7 t͡ʃi the -f cl.1 misˤ language -im plur heɲ 3.plur.cl.7.POSS “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.7" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h a sˤ au">hasˤau</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s a tˤ a ʈ">satˤaʈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="dˤ au b">dˤaub</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme" ph="f u sˤ">fusˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2.POSS" ph="dˤ a ʃ">dˤaʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h a sˤ au">hasˤau</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s a tˤ a ʈ">satˤaʈ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="dˤ au b">dˤaub</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word>
<thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme" ph="f u sˤ">fusˤ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2.POSS" ph="dˤ a ʃ">dˤaʃ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h a sˤ au">hasˤau</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="f u m">fum</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s a tˤ a ʈ">satˤaʈ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="i m">im</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="dˤ au b">dˤaub</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme" ph="f u sˤ">fusˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="u m" underlying="i m">um</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2.POSS" ph="dˤ a ʃ">dˤaʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">hasˤau</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gender="cl.7" gloss="3.plur.cl.7" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">fum</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">satˤaʈ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">im</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" role="owner" case="GEN">dˤaub</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="i m">um</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="3.plur.cl.2" tr="rheme">fusˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="i m">um</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.2.POSS">dˤaʃ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hasˤau</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fum</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.7</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">satˤaʈ</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤaub</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">cl.1</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fusˤ</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-im</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤaʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.2.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span></p> + <p>hasˤaun fum satˤaʈim fanˤ dˤaubum t͡ʃif fusˤum dˤaʃ</p> + <p>haṣaun fum saṭartim faṇ ḍaubum chif fuṣum ḍash</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>hasˤau</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fum</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.7</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>satˤaʈ</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fanˤ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤaub</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>cl.1</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fusˤ</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-im</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤaʃ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.2.POSS</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Haṣaun fum saṭartim faṇ ḍaubum chif fuṣum ḍash. [hasˤaun fum satˤaʈim fanˤ dˤaubum t͡ʃif fusˤum dˤaʃ] hasˤau copy -n PAST fum 3.plur.cl.7 satˤaʈ mammal -im plur fanˤ and dˤaub bird -im plur t͡ʃi the -f cl.1 fusˤ sound -im plur dˤaʃ 3.plur.cl.2.POSS “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module embed:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nominalise:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.3" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.3
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for different/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> - </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" case="GEN" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </subs> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="m a f">maf</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ a nˤ e">t͡ɕanˤe</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="j o̰ ʃ">jo̰ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS" ph="dˤ i w">dˤiw</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1" ph="ɲ e">ɲe</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="h a ŋ">haŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋ u ɽ">ŋuɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ e ʃ">t͡ɕeʃ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɲ au ɲ">ɲauɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="but" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="m a f">maf</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ a nˤ e">t͡ɕanˤe</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word>
<thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="j o̰ ʃ">jo̰ʃ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS" ph="dˤ i w">dˤiw</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1" ph="ɲ e">ɲe</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word>
<thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="h a ŋ">haŋ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋ u ɽ">ŋuɽ</word>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ e ʃ">t͡ɕeʃ</word>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɲ au ɲ">ɲauɲ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</s>
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="m a f">maf</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ a nˤ e">t͡ɕanˤe</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3" attach="suffix" ph="m">m</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1" ph="j o̰ ʃ">jo̰ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS" ph="dˤ i w">dˤiw</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1" ph="ɲ e">ɲe</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="ɾ">ɾ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="h a ŋ">haŋ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋ u ɽ">ŋuɽ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ɕ e ʃ">t͡ɕeʃ</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɲ au ɲ">ɲauɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ṵ j" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">maf</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ɕanˤe</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.3">m</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.3" possessor="3.sing.cl.1">jo̰ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.POSS">dˤiw</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.plur.cl.1">ɲe</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">ɾ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS">haŋ</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ŋuɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">t͡ɕeʃ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɲauɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ḭ j">ṵj</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">maf</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕanˤe</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-m</span><br><span class="gls">cl.3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jo̰ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˤiw</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.1.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲe</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɾ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">cl.1</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">misˤ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">haŋ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuɽ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕeʃ</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauɲ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>maf t͡ɕanˤen t͡ʃim jo̰ʃṵj dˤiw ɲeɾ t͡ʃif misˤḭj haŋ ŋuɽ t͡ɕeʃas ɲauɲṵj</p> + <p>maf tyaṇen chim jo’shu’j ḍiw ñer chif miṣi’j hang ngurr tyeshas ñauñu’j</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>maf</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕanˤe</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-m</o> + <g>cl.3</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jo̰ʃ</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dˤiw</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.1.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲe</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɾ</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>cl.1</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>misˤ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>haŋ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuɽ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕeʃ</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauɲ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Maf tyaṇen chim jo’shu’j ḍiw ñer chif miṣi’j hang ngurr tyeshas ñauñu’j. [maf t͡ɕanˤen t͡ʃim jo̰ʃṵj dˤiw ɲeɾ t͡ʃif misˤḭj haŋ ŋuɽ t͡ɕeʃas ɲauɲṵj] maf but t͡ɕanˤe arise -n PAST t͡ʃi the -m cl.3 jo̰ʃ langname -ḭj sing dˤiw 3.sing.cl.1.POSS ɲe be -ɾ PRES t͡ʃi the -f cl.1 misˤ language -ḭj sing haŋ 1incl.plur.POSS ŋuɽ in_inside t͡ɕeʃ different -as NOM ɲauɲ manner -ḭj sing “But Yosh, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" number="plur">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for whole/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for perfect/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for single/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="p a̰ ɾ u">pa̰ɾu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s ai ɳ">saiɳ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="t e k">tek</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ɖ a ʈ a tˤ">ɖaʈatˤ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋ u ɽ">ŋuɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="j a p">jap</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖ i ɡ i j">ɖiɡij</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="p a̰ ɾ u">pa̰ɾu</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s ai ɳ">saiɳ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="t e k">tek</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" ph="f a nˤ">fanˤ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred" ph="ɖ a ʈ a tˤ">ɖaʈatˤ</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ŋ u ɽ">ŋuɽ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="j a p">jap</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM" attach="suffix" ph="a s">as</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɖ i ɡ i j">ɖiɡij</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">pa̰ɾu</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">saiɳ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">tek</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">fanˤ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="pred">ɖaʈatˤ</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word gloss="in_inside" posp="pp" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ŋuɽ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">jap</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">as</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">ɖiɡij</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pa̰ɾu</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saiɳ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.1</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tek</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fanˤ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖaʈatˤ</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋuɽ</span><br><span class="gls">in_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jap</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-as</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖiɡij</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span></p> + <p>pa̰ɾun saiɳ tekas fanˤ ɖaʈatˤas ŋuɽ japas ɖiɡijḭj</p> + <p>pa’run sairn tekas faṇ rdartaṭas ngurr japas rdigiji’j</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>pa̰ɾu</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>saiɳ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.1</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tek</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fanˤ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖaʈatˤ</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋuɽ</o> + <g>in_inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jap</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-as</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɖiɡij</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Pa’run sairn tekas faṇ rdartaṭas ngurr japas rdigiji’j [pa̰ɾun saiɳ tekas fanˤ ɖaʈatˤas ŋuɽ japas ɖiɡijḭj] pa̰ɾu appear -n PAST saiɳ 3.sing.cl.1 tek whole -as NOM fanˤ and ɖaʈatˤ perfect -as NOM ŋuɽ in_inside jap single -as NOM ɖiɡij breath -ḭj sing “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.1">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.1" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="tˤ e n a">tˤena</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɽ a̰ p">ɽa̰p</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="h a ŋ">haŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="tˤ e n a">tˤena</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɽ a̰ p">ɽa̰p</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="t͡ʃ i">t͡ʃi</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="f">f</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme" ph="m i sˤ">misˤ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ḭ j">ḭj</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS" ph="h a ŋ">haŋ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">tˤena</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">ɽa̰p</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">t͡ʃi</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">f</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.1" possessor="1incl.plur" tr="theme">misˤ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">ḭj</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="1incl.plur.POSS">haŋ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tˤena</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽa̰p</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃi</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-f</span><br><span class="gls">cl.1</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">misˤ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ḭj</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">haŋ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur.<span class="glssc">POSS</span></span></span></p> + <p>tˤenan ɽa̰p t͡ʃif misˤḭj haŋ</p> + <p>ṭenan rra’p chif miṣi’j hang</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>tˤena</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽa̰p</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃi</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-f</o> + <g>cl.1</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>misˤ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ḭj</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>haŋ</o> + <g>1incl.plur.POSS</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ṭenan rra’p chif miṣi’j hang. [tˤenan ɽa̰p t͡ʃif misˤḭj haŋ] tˤena evolve -n PAST ɽa̰p NEG t͡ʃi the -f cl.1 misˤ language -ḭj sing haŋ 1incl.plur.POSS “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
</s>
module markowned:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
<thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s e f ḛ">sefḛ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s ai ɳ">saiɳ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s e f ḛ">sefḛ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="n">n</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" ph="s ai ɳ">saiɳ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor" function="enclitic" gloss="no.owner.POSS" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">sefḛ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">n</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.1" gloss="3.sing.cl.1" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">saiɳ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sefḛ</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-n</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saiɳ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.1</span></span></p> + <p>sefḛn saiɳ</p> + <p>sefe’n sairn</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>sefḛ</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-n</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>saiɳ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.1</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Sefe’n sairn. [sefḛn saiɳ] sefḛ create -n PAST saiɳ 3.sing.cl.1 “It was created.” | (14) |
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