A Collection of Texts in Kach
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="fem" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="fem">
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> <np def="def" gender="neut"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="neut"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got neut
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got masc
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="neut"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <np locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="neut"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ au b">ʃaub</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="d a d">dad</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="l au ʋ">lauʋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="neut" ph="kʼ u ŋʷ">kʼuŋʷ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ɲ au h">ɲauh</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="h e ŋ">heŋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ e k">kʼʷek</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ e k">kʼʷek</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ɓ o l a l">ɓolal</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ au b">ʃaub</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="d a d">dad</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="l au ʋ">lauʋ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="neut" ph="kʼ u ŋʷ">kʼuŋʷ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ɲ au h">ɲauh</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="h e ŋ">heŋ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc" attach="suffix" ph="i s">is</thingy> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ e k">kʼʷek</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="kʼʷ e k">kʼʷek</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj" ph="ɓ o l a l">ɓolal</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʃaub</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">dad</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">lauʋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" gender="neut">kʼuŋʷ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">ɲauh</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">heŋ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="masc">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="masc">is</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">kʼʷek</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj">t͡ɕok</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">kʼʷek</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" locus="number" gender="masc" role="obj">ɓolal</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃaub</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dad</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lauʋ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauh</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">heŋ</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-is</span><br><span class="gls">masc</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷek</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕok</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼʷek</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓolal</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span></p> + <p>ʃauben dad lauʋ ᵏǀauŋ ɲiɡʷ kʼuŋʷ ɲauh heŋ ᵏǀauŋis kʼʷek t͡ɕok ᵏǀə̃l kʼʷek ɓolal</p> + <p>षौबेन् दद् लौव् क्तौङ् ञिग्व् क़उङ्व् ञौह् हेङ् क्तौङिस् क़वेक् चोक् क्तेँल् क़वेक् भोलल्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʃaub</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dad</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lauʋ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiɡʷ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼuŋʷ</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauh</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>heŋ</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-is</o> + <g>masc</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼʷek</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕok</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀə̃l</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼʷek</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓolal</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
षौबेन् दद् लौव् क्तौङ् ञिग्व् क़उङ्व् ञौह् हेङ् क्तौङिस् क़वेक् चोक् क्तेँल् क़वेक् भोलल्। [ʃauben dad lauʋ ᵏǀauŋ ɲiɡʷ kʼuŋʷ ɲauh heŋ ᵏǀauŋis kʼʷek t͡ɕok ᵏǀə̃l kʼʷek ɓolal] ʃaub have -en PAST dad all lauʋ human being ᵏǀauŋ the ɲiɡʷ in kʼuŋʷ surface ɲauh whole heŋ earth ᵏǀauŋ the -is masc kʼʷek one t͡ɕok language ᵏǀə̃l and kʼʷek one ɓolal dialect “All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.” | (1) |
And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> </np> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got neut
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n i k a kʼʷ">nikakʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="t͡ɕ a ɡ">t͡ɕaɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="kʼ ai l">kʼail</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n i k a kʼʷ">nikakʼʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="t͡ɕ a ɡ">t͡ɕaɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="kʼ ai l">kʼail</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="neut" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">nikakʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʃos</word> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">t͡ɕaɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">kʼail</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" gender="neut">ᵏǀauŋ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nikakʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">from</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʼail</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span></p> + <p>nikakʼʷen ʃos t͡ɕaɡ ɡait͡ʃ kʼail ᵏǀauŋ</p> + <p>निकक़वेन् षोस् चग् गैच्ष् क़ऐल् क्तौङ्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>nikakʼʷ</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕaɡ</o> + <g>from</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡait͡ʃ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kʼail</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
निकक़वेन् षोस् चग् गैच्ष् क़ऐल् क्तौङ्। [nikakʼʷen ʃos t͡ɕaɡ ɡait͡ʃ kʼail ᵏǀauŋ] nikakʼʷ journey -en PAST ʃos 3.neut t͡ɕaɡ from ɡait͡ʃ inside kʼail east ᵏǀauŋ the “They journeyed from the east.” | (2) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> <np locus="number" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="masc"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="masc"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n a ŋ">naŋ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ʃ a b">ʃab</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ᵑǀ o ʋ u f">ᵑǀoʋuf</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="d au f">dauf</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n a ŋ">naŋ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ʃ a b">ʃab</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="ᵑǀ o ʋ u f">ᵑǀoʋuf</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="d au f">dauf</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">naŋ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʃos</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">ʃab</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" locus="number" gender="masc">ᵑǀoʋuf</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" locus="number" gender="masc">dauf</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">naŋ</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃab</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀoʋuf</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dauf</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span></p> + <p>ᵏǀə̃l naŋen ʃos ʃab ᵑǀoʋuf ɲiɡʷ ɡait͡ʃ dauf</p> + <p>क्तेँल् नङेन् षोस् षब् ङ्तोवुफ़् ञिग्व् गैच्ष् दौफ़्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀə̃l</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>naŋ</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃab</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀoʋuf</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiɡʷ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡait͡ʃ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dauf</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
क्तेँल् नङेन् षोस् षब् ङ्तोवुफ़् ञिग्व् गैच्ष् दौफ़्। [ᵏǀə̃l naŋen ʃos ʃab ᵑǀoʋuf ɲiɡʷ ɡait͡ʃ dauf] ᵏǀə̃l and naŋ find -en PAST ʃos 3.neut ʃab wide ᵑǀoʋuf plain ɲiɡʷ in ɡait͡ʃ inside dauf land “And they found a wide plain in the a land.” | (3) |
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="ŋ i p i ɓ">ŋipiɓ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i ɲ a n">hiɲan</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="s e ŋ">seŋ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="ŋ i p i ɓ">ŋipiɓ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="h i ɲ a n">hiɲan</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="s e ŋ">seŋ</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">ŋipiɓ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">hiɲan</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʃos</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">seŋ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋipiɓ</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hiɲan</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">seŋ</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>ŋipiɓ hiɲanen ʃos seŋ</p> + <p>ङिपिभ् हिञनेन् षोस् सेङ्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋipiɓ</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hiɲan</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>seŋ</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
ङिपिभ् हिञनेन् षोस् सेङ्। [ŋipiɓ hiɲanen ʃos seŋ] ŋipiɓ thus hiɲan dwell -en PAST ʃos 3.neut seŋ there “Thus they dwelled there.” | (4) |
And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva3
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
- </vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ </vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
- </vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ </vp>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="sing">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc" number="sing">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" gender="masc">
+ <np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"> <subs> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> </subs> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> <subs> <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> </subs> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i t͡ɕ">ʃit͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem" ph="h i m">him</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʋ u ŋʷ">ʋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ e ɡʷ i t͡ɕ">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="ʋ a l au ʃ">ʋalauʃ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem" ph="s i ŋʷ">siŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʋ u ŋʷ">ʋuŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ e ɡʷ i t͡ɕ">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="ʋ a l au ʃ">ʋalauʃ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="j o ʋ i kʼʷ">joʋikʼʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ i t͡ɕ">ʃit͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem" ph="h i m">him</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʋ u ŋʷ">ʋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ e ɡʷ i t͡ɕ">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="ʋ a l au ʃ">ʋalauʃ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem" ph="s i ŋʷ">siŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="ʋ u ŋʷ">ʋuŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ e ɡʷ i t͡ɕ">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="ʋ a l au ʃ">ʋalauʃ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl" ph="j o ʋ i kʼʷ">joʋikʼʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʃit͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʃos</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">jokʼʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">him</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">us</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">ʋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">ʋalauʃ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">jokʼʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl" obj="3.fem">siŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">us</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">ʋuŋʷ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">ʋalauʃ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" gender="masc" person="1incl">joʋikʼʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃit͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jokʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">him</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-us</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋalauʃ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jokʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">siŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-us</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋuŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋalauʃ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">joʋikʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>ʃit͡ɕen ʃos jokʼʷ himus ʋuŋʷ ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ ʋalauʃ ᵏǀə̃l jokʼʷ siŋʷus ʋuŋʷ ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ ʋalauʃ joʋikʼʷ</p> + <p>षिचेन् षोस् योक़व् हिमुस् वुङ्व् क्तेग्विच् वलौष् क्तेँल् योक़व् सिङ्वुस् वुङ्व् क्तेग्विच् वलौष् योविक़व्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʃit͡ɕ</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jokʼʷ</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>him</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-us</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋuŋʷ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋalauʃ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀə̃l</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jokʼʷ</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>siŋʷ</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-us</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋuŋʷ</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋalauʃ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>joʋikʼʷ</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
षिचेन् षोस् योक़व् हिमुस् वुङ्व् क्तेग्विच् वलौष् क्तेँल् योक़व् सिङ्वुस् वुङ्व् क्तेग्विच् वलौष् योविक़व्। [ʃit͡ɕen ʃos jokʼʷ himus ʋuŋʷ ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ ʋalauʃ ᵏǀə̃l jokʼʷ siŋʷus ʋuŋʷ ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ ʋalauʃ joʋikʼʷ] ʃit͡ɕ say -en PAST ʃos 3.neut jokʼʷ 1incl him make -us PRES ʋuŋʷ imperative ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ brick ʋalauʃ COMP ᵏǀə̃l and jokʼʷ 1incl siŋʷ burn -us PRES ʋuŋʷ imperative ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ brick ʋalauʃ COMP joʋikʼʷ thoroughly “They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” | (5) |
And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <np locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ au b">ʃaub</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ e ɡʷ i t͡ɕ">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="ᵑǀ u ɓ i ɡ">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="t͡ʃ au t͡ʃ">t͡ʃaut͡ʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ au b">ʃaub</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ e ɡʷ i t͡ɕ">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="ᵑǀ u ɓ i ɡ">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="t͡ʃ au t͡ʃ">t͡ʃaut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ʃaub</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʃos</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" locus="number" gender="neut">t͡ʃaut͡ʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃaub</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span></p> + <p>ʃauben ʃos ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ ᵑǀuɓiɡ t͡ʃaut͡ʃ</p> + <p>षौबेन् षोस् क्तेग्विच् ङ्तुभिग् च्षौच्ष्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʃaub</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀuɓiɡ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaut͡ʃ</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
षौबेन् षोस् क्तेग्विच् ङ्तुभिग् च्षौच्ष्। [ʃauben ʃos ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ ᵑǀuɓiɡ t͡ʃaut͡ʃ] ʃaub have -en PAST ʃos 3.neut ᵏǀeɡʷit͡ɕ brick ᵑǀuɓiɡ PURP t͡ʃaut͡ʃ stone “They had bricks for stone.” | (6) |
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <pp role="purpose"> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ au b">ʃaub</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ i t͡ʃ a k">ᵏǀit͡ʃak</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="ᵑǀ u ɓ i ɡ">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ e l ai ŋʷ">ɲelaiŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ʃ au b">ʃaub</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ i t͡ʃ a k">ᵏǀit͡ʃak</word> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="ᵑǀ u ɓ i ɡ">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ɲ e l ai ŋʷ">ɲelaiŋʷ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ʃaub</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">ʃos</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" locus="number" gender="fem">ᵏǀit͡ʃak</word> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" locus="number" gender="fem">ɲelaiŋʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃaub</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀit͡ʃak</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀuɓiɡ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲelaiŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span></p> + <p>ᵏǀə̃l ʃauben ʃos ᵏǀit͡ʃak ᵑǀuɓiɡ ɲelaiŋʷ</p> + <p>क्तेँल् षौबेन् षोस् क्तिच्षक् ङ्तुभिग् ञेलैङ्व्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀə̃l</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃaub</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀit͡ʃak</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀuɓiɡ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲelaiŋʷ</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
क्तेँल् षौबेन् षोस् क्तिच्षक् ङ्तुभिग् ञेलैङ्व्। [ᵏǀə̃l ʃauben ʃos ᵏǀit͡ʃak ᵑǀuɓiɡ ɲelaiŋʷ] ᵏǀə̃l and ʃaub have -en PAST ʃos 3.neut ᵏǀit͡ʃak slime ᵑǀuɓiɡ PURP ɲelaiŋʷ mortar “And they had slime for mortar.” | (7) |
A Creation Myth
We are not like other people.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="kʷ i l o ɲ">kʷiloɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f o f">fof</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="t ai ŋʷ">taiŋʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="l au ʋ">lauʋ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="kʷ i l o ɲ">kʷiloɲ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f o f">fof</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="t ai ŋʷ">taiŋʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="l au ʋ">lauʋ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">kʷiloɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">us</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">fof</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">jokʼʷ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">taiŋʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" gender="neut">lauʋ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷiloɲ</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-us</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fof</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jokʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">taiŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lauʋ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span></p> + <p>kʷiloɲus fof jokʼʷ taiŋʷ lauʋ</p> + <p>क्विलोञुस् फ़ोफ़् योक़व् तैङ्व् लौव्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kʷiloɲ</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-us</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fof</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jokʼʷ</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>taiŋʷ</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lauʋ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
क्विलोञुस् फ़ोफ़् योक़व् तैङ्व् लौव्। [kʷiloɲus fof jokʼʷ taiŋʷ lauʋ] kʷiloɲ resemble -us PRES fof NEG jokʼʷ 1incl taiŋʷ other lauʋ human being “We do not resemble other humans.” | (8) |
Their languages were shaped by struggle and time.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
- <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
- <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="masc">
+ <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" gender="masc">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɓ a n ə# j">ɓanə#j</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡ e kʷ">ɡekʷ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="d o t͡ʃ">dot͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɓ a n ə# j">ɓanə#j</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɡ e kʷ">ɡekʷ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="d o t͡ʃ">dot͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɓanə#j</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" locus="number" gender="neut" role="subj" tr="rheme">ɡekʷ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" locus="number" gender="masc" role="subj" tr="rheme">dot͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">t͡ɕok</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ʃos</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ᵏǀel</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓanə̃j</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡekʷ</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dot͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕok</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀel</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɓanə̃jen ɡekʷ ᵏǀə̃l dot͡ʃ t͡ɕok ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ ʃos ᵏǀel</p> + <p>भनेँयेन् गेक्व् क्तेँल् दोच्ष् चोक् क्तौङच् षोस् क्तेल्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɓanə̃j</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡekʷ</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀə̃l</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dot͡ʃ</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕok</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ɕ</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀel</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
भनेँयेन् गेक्व् क्तेँल् दोच्ष् चोक् क्तौङच् षोस् क्तेल्। [ɓanə̃jen ɡekʷ ᵏǀə̃l dot͡ʃ t͡ɕok ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ ʃos ᵏǀel] ɓanə̃j shape -en PAST ɡekʷ fight ᵏǀə̃l and dot͡ʃ time t͡ɕok language ᵏǀauŋ the -at͡ɕ fem ʃos 3.neut ᵏǀel GEN “Their languages were shaped by fight and time.” | (9) |
They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="plur">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"> <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"/> <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/> </np> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"/>
<np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
</np>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"> - <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"/> - <np locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - </np> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ u d o ɡ">t͡ɕudoɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme" ph="ɲ i j">ɲij</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="p a f e ʋ">pafeʋ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ŋ i ŋ">ŋiŋ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ u d o ɡ">t͡ɕudoɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="ʃ o s">ʃos</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme" ph="ɲ i j">ɲij</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="p a f e ʋ">pafeʋ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="ŋ i ŋ">ŋiŋ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ɕudoɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="neut" gloss="3.neut" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">ʃos</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme">ɲij</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="rheme">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">pafeʋ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="neut">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" locus="number" gender="neut" role="owner" case="GEN">ŋiŋ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ᵏǀel</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕudoɡ</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃos</span><br><span class="gls">3.neut</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲij</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pafeʋ</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋiŋ</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀel</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡ɕudoɡen ʃos ɲij ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ pafeʋ ᵏǀə̃l ŋiŋ ᵏǀel</p> + <p>चुदोगेन् षोस् ञिय् क्तौङच् पफ़ेव् क्तेँल् ङिङ् क्तेल्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕudoɡ</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃos</o> + <g>3.neut</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲij</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ɕ</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pafeʋ</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀə̃l</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋiŋ</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀel</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
चुदोगेन् षोस् ञिय् क्तौङच् पफ़ेव् क्तेँल् ङिङ् क्तेल्। [t͡ɕudoɡen ʃos ɲij ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ pafeʋ ᵏǀə̃l ŋiŋ ᵏǀel] t͡ɕudoɡ copy -en PAST ʃos 3.neut ɲij sound ᵏǀauŋ the -at͡ɕ fem pafeʋ mammal ᵏǀə̃l and ŋiŋ bird ᵏǀel GEN “They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.” | (10) |
But our language arose in a different way.
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module RelN:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="but">
+ <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module complementise:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module addgender:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem" number="sing">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" gender="fem">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem" role="obj">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" gender="fem" role="obj">
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="but"> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> </subs> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> <np locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="fem"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="fem"/> </np> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<s connector="but">
<word gloss="but" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="but"> + <flat> <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - </subs> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="fem"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="fem"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="fem"/> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ɲ e l">ɲel</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ŋ e kʼ e ɲ">ŋekʼeɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" ph="ŋʷ a j">ŋʷaj</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ʋ a l au ʃ">ʋalauʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="k a t͡ɕ">kat͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="j a l">jal</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="l e t͡ɕ">let͡ɕ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s connector="but" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="but" posp="conj" ph="ɲ e l">ɲel</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ŋ e kʼ e ɲ">ŋekʼeɲ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem" ph="ŋʷ a j">ŋʷaj</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="u s">us</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" ph="ʋ a l au ʃ">ʋalauʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="k a t͡ɕ">kat͡ɕ</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="j a l">jal</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="l e t͡ɕ">let͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="but" posp="conj">ɲel</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ŋekʼeɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.fem">ŋʷaj</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">us</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">t͡ɕok</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">jokʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ᵏǀel</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp">ʋalauʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">kat͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" locus="number" gender="fem">jal</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" locus="number" gender="fem">let͡ɕ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲel</span><br><span class="gls">but</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋekʼeɲ</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷaj</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-us</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PRES</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕok</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jokʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀel</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋalauʃ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kat͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jal</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">let͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span></p> + <p>ɲel ŋekʼeɲen ŋʷajus t͡ɕok ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ jokʼʷ ᵏǀel ʋalauʃ kat͡ɕ ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ ɲiɡʷ ɡait͡ʃ jal let͡ɕ</p> + <p>ञेल् ङेक़एञेन् ङ्वयुस् चोक् क्तौङच् योक़व् क्तेल् वलौष् कच् क्तौङच् ञिग्व् गैच्ष् यल् लेच्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɲel</o> + <g>but</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋekʼeɲ</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋʷaj</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-us</o> + <g>PRES</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕok</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ɕ</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jokʼʷ</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀel</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋalauʃ</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kat͡ɕ</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ɕ</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiɡʷ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡait͡ʃ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jal</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>let͡ɕ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
ञेल् ङेक़एञेन् ङ्वयुस् चोक् क्तौङच् योक़व् क्तेल् वलौष् कच् क्तौङच् ञिग्व् गैच्ष् यल् लेच्। [ɲel ŋekʼeɲen ŋʷajus t͡ɕok ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ jokʼʷ ᵏǀel ʋalauʃ kat͡ɕ ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ ɲiɡʷ ɡait͡ʃ jal let͡ɕ] ɲel but ŋekʼeɲ arise -en PAST ŋʷaj be -us PRES t͡ɕok language ᵏǀauŋ the -at͡ɕ fem jokʼʷ 1incl ᵏǀel GEN ʋalauʃ COMP kat͡ɕ langname ᵏǀauŋ the -at͡ɕ fem ɲiɡʷ in ɡait͡ʃ inside jal different let͡ɕ manner “But Kach, which is our language, arose in a different way.” | (11) |
It was born whole and perfect in a single breath.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred" number="plur">
+ <np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" locus="number" gender="neut">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="masc">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" gender="masc">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" gender="masc">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np locus="number">
+ <np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <np locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> <np locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> <np def="def" gender="masc"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> </np> <np locus="number" gender="neut"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="neut"/> </np> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/>
<np locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
<np def="def" gender="masc">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/>
</np>
<np locus="number" gender="neut">
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="neut"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred"> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <np locus="number" role="pred"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <np def="def" gender="masc"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - </np> - <np locus="number" gender="neut"> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="neut"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="neut"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="neut"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n i ɡ e kʷ">niɡekʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="t e">te</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ɲ au h">ɲauh</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred" ph="b a kʼʷ o ŋ">bakʼʷoŋ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="d u n">dun</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="ɡ o t͡ʃ e ʋ">ɡot͡ʃeʋ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="n i ɡ e kʷ">niɡekʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="t e">te</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ɲ au h">ɲauh</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" ph="ᵏǀ ə# l">ᵏǀə#l</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred" ph="b a kʼʷ o ŋ">bakʼʷoŋ</word> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="ɲ i ɡʷ">ɲiɡʷ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc" ph="ɡ ai t͡ʃ">ɡait͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="d u n">dun</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="neut" ph="ɡ o t͡ʃ e ʋ">ɡot͡ʃeʋ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">niɡekʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">te</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" locus="number" role="pred">ɲauh</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred">ᵏǀə#l</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" locus="number" role="pred">bakʼʷoŋ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">ɲiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" gender="masc">ɡait͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" locus="number" gender="neut">dun</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" locus="number" gender="neut">ɡot͡ʃeʋ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">niɡekʷ</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">te</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauh</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀə̃l</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bakʼʷoŋ</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡait͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dun</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡot͡ʃeʋ</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span></p> + <p>niɡekʷen te ɲauh ᵏǀə̃l bakʼʷoŋ ɲiɡʷ ɡait͡ʃ dun ɡot͡ʃeʋ</p> + <p>निगेक्वेन् ते ञौह् क्तेँल् बक़वोङ् ञिग्व् गैच्ष् दुन् गोच्षेव्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>niɡekʷ</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>te</o> + <g>3.fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauh</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀə̃l</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bakʼʷoŋ</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiɡʷ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡait͡ʃ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dun</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡot͡ʃeʋ</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
निगेक्वेन् ते ञौह् क्तेँल् बक़वोङ् ञिग्व् गैच्ष् दुन् गोच्षेव् [niɡekʷen te ɲauh ᵏǀə̃l bakʼʷoŋ ɲiɡʷ ɡait͡ʃ dun ɡot͡ʃeʋ] niɡekʷ appear -en PAST te 3.fem ɲauh whole ᵏǀə̃l and bakʼʷoŋ perfect ɲiɡʷ in ɡait͡ʃ inside dun single ɡot͡ʃeʋ breath “It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath” | (12) |
Our language did not evolve; it was created.
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" gender="fem">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="subj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" role="subj" tr="theme">
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut"/> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got fem
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʷ i d a ɲ">kʷidaɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f o f">fof</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="kʷ i d a ɲ">kʷidaɲ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="f o f">fof</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ o k">t͡ɕok</word> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme" ph="ᵏǀ au ŋ">ᵏǀauŋ</word> - <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem" attach="suffix" ph="a t͡ɕ">at͡ɕ</thingy> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="j o kʼʷ">jokʼʷ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN" ph="ᵏǀ e l">ᵏǀel</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kʷidaɲ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">fof</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">t͡ɕok</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" tr="theme">ᵏǀauŋ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="suffix" gloss="fem">at͡ɕ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="neut" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">jokʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="GEN">ᵏǀel</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kʷidaɲ</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fof</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕok</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-at͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">fem</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">jokʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀel</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">GEN</span></span></span></p> + <p>kʷidaɲen fof t͡ɕok ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ jokʼʷ ᵏǀel</p> + <p>क्विदञेन् फ़ोफ़् चोक् क्तौङच् योक़व् क्तेल्</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>kʷidaɲ</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fof</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕok</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀauŋ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-at͡ɕ</o> + <g>fem</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>jokʼʷ</o> + <g>1incl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀel</o> + <g>GEN</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
क्विदञेन् फ़ोफ़् चोक् क्तौङच् योक़व् क्तेल्। [kʷidaɲen fof t͡ɕok ᵏǀauŋat͡ɕ jokʼʷ ᵏǀel] kʷidaɲ evolve -en PAST fof NEG t͡ɕok language ᵏǀauŋ the -at͡ɕ fem jokʼʷ 1incl ᵏǀel GEN “Our language did not evolve.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module RelN:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module markowner:
No change.
module addgender:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="fem">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
+ <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem"/> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
<word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"> <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" role="obj" def="def" locus="number"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ a ɡ u ɓ">t͡ʃaɡuɓ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" ph="t e">te</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ʃ a ɡ u ɓ">t͡ʃaɡuɓ</word> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="e n">en</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy> - <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" ph="t e">te</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ʃaɡuɓ</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">en</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gender="fem" gloss="3.fem" role="obj" def="def" locus="number">te</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaɡuɓ</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-en</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">te</span><br><span class="gls">3.fem</span></span></p> + <p>t͡ʃaɡuɓen te</p> + <p>च्षगुभेन् ते</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaɡuɓ</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-en</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>te</o> + <g>3.fem</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
च्षगुभेन् ते। [t͡ʃaɡuɓen te] t͡ʃaɡuɓ create -en PAST te 3.fem “It was created.” | (14) |
Language creation took 0.03 seconds; writing the texts 0.04 seconds.