A Collection of Texts in Nyaung
What follows is a collection of texts intended to illustrate the language in more natural and extended use than the glossed examples found in the grammar.
The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1–9)
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>all</adj>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>earth</noun>
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>dialect</noun>
<num>one</num>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>all</adj> + <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>earth</noun> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>dialect</noun> - <num>one</num> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s>
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> </pp> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> - <word posp="num" gloss="one"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for all/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for earth/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for whole/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for surface/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dialect/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s>
<littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>All humans in the whole earth had one language and one dialect.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - </pp> - </np> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"> <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ᵏǀoɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="t͡ʃ o ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃoʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡ o ɲ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡoɲ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t ai" slots="Cir V1">tai</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="t a d" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">tad</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃif</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃif</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ i ɲ o k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiɲok</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ᵏǀoɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="t͡ʃ o ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃoʃ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡ o ɲ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡoɲ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t ai" slots="Cir V1">tai</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="t a d" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">tad</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃif</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word>
<word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃif</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ i ɲ o k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiɲok</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ u ɲ o k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i ɲ o k">ɡʷuɲok</word>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/ɡʷ/ + /d/ > // + /d//a/ + /i/ > // + /e/
/f/ + /t͡ʃ/ > // + /f/
/ɲ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /ɓ/
/u/ + /i/ > // + /i/
/f/ + /t/ > // + /f/
/d/ + /ɓ/ > // + /d/
/i/ + /i/ > // + /i/
/t͡ʃ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /t͡ʃ/
/i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/k/ + /ɓ/ > // + /k/
/u/ + /a/ > // + /e/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n">ᵑǀen</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ᵏǀoɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="t͡ʃ o ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃoʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡ o ɲ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡoɲ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t ai" slots="Cir V1">tai</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="t a d" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">tad</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃif</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ʃif</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ u ɲ o k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i ɲ o k">ɡʷuɲok</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o" underlying="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ">ᵏǀo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="e t͡ʃ" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f o ʃ" underlying="t͡ʃ o ʃ">foʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡ o" underlying="ɡ o ɲ">ɡo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ" underlying="ɓ i">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f ai" underlying="t ai">fai</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="t a" underlying="t a d">ta</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="ɓ i">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="f a s">fas</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f">t͡ʃif</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f">t͡ʃif</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ u ɲ o" underlying="ɡʷ i ɲ o k">ɡʷuɲo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="k" underlying="ɓ i">k</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n">ᵑǀen</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o" underlying="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ">ᵏǀo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="e t͡ʃ" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f o ʃ" underlying="t͡ʃ o ʃ">foʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡ o" underlying="ɡ o ɲ">ɡo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ" underlying="ɓ i">ɓ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f ai" underlying="t ai">fai</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" ph="t a" underlying="t a d">ta</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="ɓ i">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no" ph="f a s">fas</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f">t͡ʃif</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="t͡ʃ i f">t͡ʃif</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" ph="ɡʷ u ɲ o" underlying="ɡʷ i ɲ o k">ɡʷuɲo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="k" underlying="ɓ i">k</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ᵑǀen</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" underlying="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ">ᵏǀo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="all" def="def" number="plur" role="subj" locus="number" underlying="t͡ʃ o ʃ">foʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="earth" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ɡ o ɲ">ɡo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">ɓ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="t ai">fai</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" underlying="t a d">ta</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="no">fas</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">t͡ʃif</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɓem</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="one" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj">t͡ʃif</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dialect" number="sing" locus="number" role="obj" underlying="ɡʷ i ɲ o k">ɡʷuɲo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">k</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀen</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀoɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃoʃ</span><br><span class="gls">all</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡoɲ</span><br><span class="gls">earth</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tai</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tad</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fas</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃif</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓem</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃif</span><br><span class="gls">one</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷiɲok</span><br><span class="gls">dialect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span></p> + <p>ᵑǀen ɓa ᵏǀodet͡ʃ foʃ ɡoɓit͡ʃ fai tadit͡ʃ fas t͡ʃif t͡ɕit͡ʃef ɓem t͡ʃif ɡʷuɲokef</p> + <p>ncen bba codech fosh gobbich fai tadich fas chif tyichef bbem chif gwuñokef</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀen</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀoɡʷ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃoʃ</o> + <g>all</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡoɲ</o> + <g>earth</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tai</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tad</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fas</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃif</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕit͡ʃ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓem</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃif</o> + <g>one</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷiɲok</o> + <g>dialect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>journey</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>east</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>journey</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>east</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> </np> <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> </pp> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for journey/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for east/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They journeyed from the east.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <pp p="from" location="inside" precise="no"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a t͡ɕ u ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɓ o t" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɓot</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ɓ e ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓeŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a t͡ɕ u ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɓ o t" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɓot</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ɓ e ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓeŋʷ</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/t/ + /ɓ/ > // + /t//u/ + /i/ > // + /i/
/kʷ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /kʷ/
/i/ + /i/ > // + /i/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a t͡ɕ u ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a t͡ɕ u ʃ">ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɓ o t" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɓot</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ɓ e ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓeŋʷ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɓ o" underlying="ɓ o t">ɓo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t" underlying="ɓ i">t</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ɓ e ŋʷ">ɓeŋʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ a t͡ɕ u ʃ">ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɓ o" underlying="ɓ o t">ɓo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t" underlying="ɓ i">t</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no" ph="ɓ e ŋʷ">ɓeŋʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="journey" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="east" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ɓ o t">ɓo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">t</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="from" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="from" location="inside" precise="no">ɓeŋʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</span><br><span class="gls">journey</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓot</span><br><span class="gls">east</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕikʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓeŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">from</span></span></p> + <p>ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ ɓa faut͡ʃ ɓotit͡ʃ t͡ɕikʷit͡ʃ ɓeŋʷ</p> + <p>gwatyush bba fauch bbotich tyiquich bbengw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡʷat͡ɕuʃ</o> + <g>journey</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓot</o> + <g>east</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕikʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓeŋʷ</o> + <g>from</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>find</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>plain</noun>
<adj>wide</adj>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>land</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>find</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>plain</noun> - <adj>wide</adj> + <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>land</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for find/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for plain/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for wide/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for land/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they found a wide plain in the a land.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <pp p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a k" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fak</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ a d a ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ʃadaŋ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="h a s a ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">hasaɡʷ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t a t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">tat͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ŋ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /ŋ//i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/f/ + /h/ > // + /f/
/t͡ɕ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/kʷ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /kʷ/
/i/ + /i/ > // + /i/
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a k" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fak</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a k">fak</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ a d a ŋ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ʃadaŋ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="h a s a ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">hasaɡʷ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t a t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">tat͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ a d a" underlying="ʃ a d a ŋ">ʃada</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ŋ" underlying="ɓ i">ŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f a s a ɡʷ" underlying="h a s a ɡʷ">fasaɡʷ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t a" underlying="t a t͡ɕ">ta</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ɕ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="f a s">fas</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="f a k">fak</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ʃ a d a" underlying="ʃ a d a ŋ">ʃada</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ŋ" underlying="ɓ i">ŋ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="f a s a ɡʷ" underlying="h a s a ɡʷ">fasaɡʷ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t a" underlying="t a t͡ɕ">ta</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ɕ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="f a s">fas</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ɓem</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="find" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">fak</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="plain" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ʃ a d a ŋ">ʃada</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">ŋ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="wide" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="h a s a ɡʷ">fasaɡʷ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="land" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="t a t͡ɕ">ta</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ɕ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="inside" precise="yes">fas</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓem</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fak</span><br><span class="gls">find</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀais</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃadaŋ</span><br><span class="gls">plain</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hasaɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">wide</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀais</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tat͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">land</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕikʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fas</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ɓem fak ɓa faut͡ʃ ᵑǀais ʃadaŋef fasaɡʷ ᵑǀais tat͡ɕef t͡ɕikʷit͡ʃ fas</p> + <p>bbem fak bba fauch ncais shadangef fasagw ncais tatyef tyiquich fas</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɓem</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fak</o> + <g>find</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀais</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃadaŋ</o> + <g>plain</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hasaɡʷ</o> + <g>wide</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀais</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tat͡ɕ</o> + <g>land</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕikʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fas</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="thus">
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>dwell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<adv>there</adv>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>dwell</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <adv>there</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="thus"> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="thus">
+ <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="thus"> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for dwell/verb/voice/optionalGot active
<s connector="thus">
<word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="there"/>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="thus"> + <flat> <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>Thus they dwelled there.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="thus"> +<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there"/> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="h a t e ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">hateɡ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i t i ɓ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kitiɓ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="f au ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fauŋ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="h a t e ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">hateɡ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i t i ɓ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">kitiɓ</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="h a t e ɡ">hateɡ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i t i ɓ">kitiɓ</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="f au ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fauŋ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="f au ŋ">fauŋ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="thus" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="thus" posp="conj" ph="h a t e ɡ">hateɡ</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="k i t i ɓ">kitiɓ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="there" ph="f au ŋ">fauŋ</word> + <word gloss="thus" posp="conj">hateɡ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="dwell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">kitiɓ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="there">fauŋ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hateɡ</span><br><span class="gls">thus</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kitiɓ</span><br><span class="gls">dwell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fauŋ</span><br><span class="gls">there</span></span></p> + <p>hateɡ kitiɓ ɓa faut͡ʃ fauŋ</p> + <p>hateg kitibb bba fauch faung</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>hateɡ</o> + <g>thus</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kitiɓ</o> + <g>dwell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fauŋ</o> + <g>there</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay">
<verb>say</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>make</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp tam="imperative">
<verb>burn</verb>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>brick</noun>
</np>
<adv>thoroughly</adv>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" evidence="hearsay"> - <verb>say</verb> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>make</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp tam="imperative"> - <verb>burn</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> - <adv>thoroughly</adv> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp evidence="hearsay" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <conjp conj="and"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> </subs> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> </vp> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> </np> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> </subs> </conjp> </np> </s>
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
</subs>
<subs>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
- </vp>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- </subs>
- <subs>
- <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+ </subs>
+ <subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ </vp>
+ <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
- <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> </subs> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> <subs> <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly"/> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> </subs> </np> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for say/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/optional
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for make/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/optional
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for burn/verb/voice/optional
Got active
<s>
<littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
<subs>
<np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They said: Let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - </subs> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <subs> - <np number="plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - </subs> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ e f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡʷef</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ i t" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ᵑǀit</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiboŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="b o ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">boŋ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">deb</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">heɡʷaf</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ i t" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ᵑǀit</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiboŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="ɲ e k" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɲek</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">deb</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">heɡʷaf</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ i d i ɡʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɓidiɡʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ e f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡʷef</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ i t" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ᵑǀit</thingy>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiboŋʷ</word>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u t" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀut</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ u b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷuboŋʷ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="b o ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">boŋ</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">deb</thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">heɡʷaf</word>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word>
- <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ i t" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ᵑǀit</thingy>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiboŋʷ</word>
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u t" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀut</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ u b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷuboŋʷ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="ɲ e k" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɲek</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">deb</thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">heɡʷaf</word>
<word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ i d i ɡʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɓidiɡʷ</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/t/ + /ɡʷ/ > // + /t//ŋʷ/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/a/ + /a/ > // + /a/
/t/ + /ɡʷ/ > // + /t/
/ŋʷ/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/a/ + /a/ > // + /a/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ e f" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɡʷef</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ e f">ɡʷef</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u t" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀut</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ u b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷuboŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="b o ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">boŋ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t">fat</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t u b o" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">tubo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="b o ŋ">boŋ</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">deb</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b">deb</thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">heɡʷaf</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u t" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀut</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="ɡʷ u b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷuboŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="ɲ e k" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɲek</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f">heɡʷaf</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t">fat</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t u b o" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">tubo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="ɲ e k">ɲek</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">deb</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b">deb</thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">heɡʷaf</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ i d i ɡʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɓidiɡʷ</word> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f">heɡʷaf</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ i d i ɡʷ">ɓidiɡʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡʷ e f">ɡʷef</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t">fat</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀu</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t u b o" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">tubo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="b o ŋ">boŋ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b">deb</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f">heɡʷaf</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="f a t">fat</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="ᵑǀ u" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀu</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t u b o" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">tubo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur" ph="ɲ e k">ɲek</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative" ph="d e b">deb</thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="h e ɡʷ a f">heɡʷaf</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl" ph="ɓ i d i ɡʷ">ɓidiɡʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="say" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɡʷef</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">fat</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">tubo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">af</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="make" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">boŋ</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">deb</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">heɡʷaf</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">ɓem</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">fat</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="ᵑǀ i t">ᵑǀu</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="plur" locus="number" case="ACC" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">tubo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">af</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="burn" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="perfective" mode="imperative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl.plur" obj="3.plur">ɲek</word> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="imperative">deb</thingy> + <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">heɡʷaf</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="thoroughly" role="obj" number="plur" person="1incl">ɓidiɡʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷef</span><br><span class="gls">say</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fat</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀit-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷiboŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">boŋ</span><br><span class="gls">make</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">deb</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">heɡʷaf</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓem</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fat</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀit-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷiboŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲek</span><br><span class="gls">burn</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">deb</span><br><span class="gls">imperative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">heɡʷaf</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMP</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓidiɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">thoroughly</span></span></p> + <p>ɡʷef ɓa faut͡ʃ fat ᵑǀutubodaf boŋ deb heɡʷaf ɓem fat ᵑǀutubodaf ɲek deb heɡʷaf ɓidiɡʷ</p> + <p>gwef bba fauch fat ncutubodaf bong deb hegwaf bbem fat ncutubodaf ñek deb hegwaf bbidigw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡʷef</o> + <g>say</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fat</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀit-</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷiboŋʷ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>boŋ</o> + <g>make</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>deb</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>heɡʷaf</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓem</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fat</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀit-</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷiboŋʷ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲek</o> + <g>burn</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>deb</o> + <g>imperative</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>heɡʷaf</o> + <g>COMP</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓidiɡʷ</o> + <g>thoroughly</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>brick</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>stone</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>brick</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>stone</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for brick/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for stone/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s>
<littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They had bricks for stone.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiboŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ i n" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡʷin</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">bekat͡ʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɡʷiboŋʷ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ u b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷuboŋʷ</word>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ i n" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡʷin</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">bekat͡ʃ</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/ŋʷ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /ŋʷ//u/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/n/ + /ɓ/ > // + /n/
/i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n">ᵑǀen</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ u b o ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷuboŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ i n" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡʷin</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">bekat͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ u b o" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷubo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ" underlying="ɓ i">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ i" underlying="ɡʷ i n">ɡʷi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n" underlying="ɓ i">n</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ">bekat͡ʃ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n">ᵑǀen</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ u b o" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷubo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ" underlying="ɓ i">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɡʷ i" underlying="ɡʷ i n">ɡʷi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n" underlying="ɓ i">n</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ">bekat͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ᵑǀen</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="brick" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ɡʷ i b o ŋʷ">ɡʷubo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="stone" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ɡʷ i n">ɡʷi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">n</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">bekat͡ʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀen</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷiboŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">brick</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷin</span><br><span class="gls">stone</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bekat͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ᵑǀen ɓa faut͡ʃ ɡʷuboŋʷef ɡʷinef bekat͡ʃ</p> + <p>ncen bba fauch gwubongwef gwinef bekach</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀen</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷiboŋʷ</o> + <g>brick</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷin</o> + <g>stone</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bekat͡ʃ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>slime</noun>
<pp role="purpose">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>mortar</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>slime</noun> + <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>mortar</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="and">
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="and"> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" evidence="hearsay" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> + <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> </np> </pp> </np> </s>
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="and">
+ <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
+ <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s connector="and"> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <pp role="purpose"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> </pp> </np> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for slime/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mortar/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
<s connector="and">
<word gloss="and" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans>
<vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
<pp role="purpose">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/>
</pp>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="and"> + <flat> <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>And they had slime for mortar.</littrans> - <vp tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <pp role="purpose"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> - </pp> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="and"> +<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose"/> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɲ i ɲ a d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɲiɲad</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ŋ a ŋʷ e b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ŋaŋʷeb</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">bekat͡ʃ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/d/ + /ɓ/ > // + /d//i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/b/ + /ɓ/ > // + /b/
/i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀen</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n">ᵑǀen</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɲ i ɲ a d" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ɲiɲad</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ŋ a ŋʷ e b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">ŋaŋʷeb</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">bekat͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɲ i ɲ a" underlying="ɲ i ɲ a d">ɲiɲa</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="ɓ i">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ŋ a ŋʷ e" underlying="ŋ a ŋʷ e b">ŋaŋʷe</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b" underlying="ɓ i">b</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ">bekat͡ʃ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="and" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="and" posp="conj" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST" ph="ᵑǀ e n">ᵑǀen</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ɲ i ɲ a" underlying="ɲ i ɲ a d">ɲiɲa</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="ɓ i">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ŋ a ŋʷ e" underlying="ŋ a ŋʷ e b">ŋaŋʷe</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="b" underlying="ɓ i">b</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose" ph="b e k a t͡ʃ">bekat͡ʃ</word> + <word gloss="and" posp="conj">ɓem</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" tense="past" asp="habitual" mode="indicative" voice="active" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PAST">ᵑǀen</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="slime" role="obj" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ɲ i ɲ a d">ɲiɲa</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mortar" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="ŋ a ŋʷ e b">ŋaŋʷe</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">b</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word gloss="PURP" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="purpose">bekat͡ʃ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓem</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀen</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲiɲad</span><br><span class="gls">slime</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋaŋʷeb</span><br><span class="gls">mortar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bekat͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PURP</span></span></span></p> + <p>ɓem ᵑǀen ɓa faut͡ʃ ɲiɲadef ŋaŋʷebef bekat͡ʃ</p> + <p>bbem ncen bba fauch ñiñadef ngangwebef bekach</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɓem</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀen</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲiɲad</o> + <g>slime</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ŋaŋʷeb</o> + <g>mortar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bekat͡ʃ</o> + <g>PURP</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ncen bba codech fosh gobbich fai tadich fas chif tyichef bbem chif gwuñokef. Gwatyush bba fauch bbotich tyiquich bbengw, bbem fak bba fauch ncais shadangef fasagw ncais tatyef tyiquich fas, hateg kitibb bba fauch faung. Gwef bba fauch fat ncutubodaf bong deb hegwaf bbem fat ncutubodaf ñek deb hegwaf bbidigw. Ncen bba fauch gwubongwef gwinef bekach, bbem ncen bba fauch ñiñadef ngangwebef bekach.
And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech. And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there. And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
A Creation Myth
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes">
<verb>resemble</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>human being</noun>
<adj>other</adj>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="no" negation="yes"> - <verb>resemble</verb> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>human being</noun> - <adj>other</adj> + <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="neither" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> </np> <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for resemble/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for human being/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for other/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
<s>
<littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans>
<vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>We do not resemble other humans.</littrans> - <vp question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ŋʷ e s u b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ŋʷesub</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɡʷis</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ᵏǀoɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ u kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵏǀukʷ</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ŋʷ e s u b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ŋʷesub</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ŋʷ o s u b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="ŋʷ e s u b">ŋʷosub</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɡʷis</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ᵏǀoɡʷ</word> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ u kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵏǀukʷ</word> </flat> </s>
applysandhi:
/ɡʷ/ + /d/ > // + /d//a/ + /a/ > // + /a/
/f/ + /ᵏǀ/ > // + /f/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ŋʷ o s u b" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="ŋʷ e s u b">ŋʷosub</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ŋʷ o s u b" underlying="ŋʷ e s u b">ŋʷosub</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɡʷis</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s">ɡʷis</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ᵏǀoɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ u kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵏǀukʷ</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f a t">fat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o" underlying="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ">ᵏǀo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="f u kʷ" underlying="ᵏǀ u kʷ">fukʷ</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" ph="ŋʷ o s u b" underlying="ŋʷ e s u b">ŋʷosub</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s">ɡʷis</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" ph="f a t">fat</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="ᵏǀ o" underlying="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ">ᵏǀo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" ph="f u kʷ" underlying="ᵏǀ u kʷ">fukʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="resemble" question="not.Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" underlying="ŋʷ e s u b">ŋʷosub</word> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">ɡʷis</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">fat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="ᵏǀ o ɡʷ">ᵏǀo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">af</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="other" number="plur" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" underlying="ᵏǀ u kʷ">fukʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋʷesub</span><br><span class="gls">resemble</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷis</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fat</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀoɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">human being</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀukʷ</span><br><span class="gls">other</span></span></p> + <p>ŋʷosub ɡʷis fat ᵏǀodaf fukʷ</p> + <p>ngwosub gwis fat codaf fuqu</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋʷesub</o> + <g>resemble</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷis</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fat</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀoɡʷ</o> + <g>human being</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀukʷ</o> + <g>other</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>shape</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>fight</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="sing">
<noun>time</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>shape</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>fight</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="sing"> - <noun>time</noun> + <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np role="obj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np role="obj" tr="theme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="theme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for shape/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for fight/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for time/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Their languages were shaped by fight and time.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a s o f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dasof</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɓ o n" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɓon</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ɕ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕais</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s translation="">
<flat>
<word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a s o f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dasof</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɓ o n" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɓon</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ɕ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕais</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/n/ + /ɓ/ > // + /n//u/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/s/ + /ɓ/ > // + /s/
/i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/t͡ʃ/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/a/ + /i/ > // + /e/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a s o f" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">dasof</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a s o f">dasof</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɓ o n" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɓon</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ɕ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕais</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɓ o" underlying="ɓ o n">ɓo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n" underlying="ɓ i">n</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ɕ ai" underlying="t͡ɕ ai s">t͡ɕai</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="s" underlying="ɓ i">s</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="e t͡ʃ" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="d a s o f">dasof</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="ɓ o" underlying="ɓ o n">ɓo</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="n" underlying="ɓ i">n</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ɕ ai" underlying="t͡ɕ ai s">t͡ɕai</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="s" underlying="ɓ i">s</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="e t͡ʃ" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="shape" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">dasof</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="fight" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" underlying="ɓ o n">ɓo</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">n</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɓem</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="time" number="sing" locus="number" role="subj" tr="rheme" underlying="t͡ɕ ai s">t͡ɕai</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">s</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dasof</span><br><span class="gls">shape</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓon</span><br><span class="gls">fight</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓem</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕais</span><br><span class="gls">time</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span></p> + <p>dasof ɓa ɓonef ɓem t͡ɕaisef faut͡ʃ t͡ɕidet͡ʃ</p> + <p>dasof bba bbonef bbem tyaisef fauch tyidech</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>dasof</o> + <g>shape</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓon</o> + <g>fight</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓem</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕais</o> + <g>time</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕit͡ʃ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>copy</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>human being</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>mammal</noun>
</np>
<np def="neither" number="plur">
<noun>bird</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def">
<noun>sound</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>copy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>human being</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>mammal</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> - <np def="neither" number="plur"> - <noun>bird</noun> + <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> - <np number="plur" def="def"> - <noun>sound</noun> + <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
- <np def="neither" number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="plur" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="human being"/>
+ <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="plur" locus="number">
+ <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="plur" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur"/> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> </np> <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> </np> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for copy/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mammal/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for bird/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for sound/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
<np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme">
<word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>They copied the sounds of mammals and birds.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <np number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - </np> - </np> - <np number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"> <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ŋ i ɡ ai ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ŋiɡaiŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="t͡ɕ a t͡ɕ u ɡʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">t͡ɕat͡ɕuɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ e t" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡet</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="t u s" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">tus</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ɡʷ/ + /d/ > // + /d//a/ + /a/ > // + /a/
/t/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/a/ + /a/ > // + /a/
/s/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/a/ + /i/ > // + /e/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ŋ i ɡ ai ŋʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ŋiɡaiŋʷ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ŋ i ɡ ai ŋʷ">ŋiɡaiŋʷ</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="t͡ɕ a t͡ɕ u ɡʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">t͡ɕat͡ɕuɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ e t" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɡet</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="t u s" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">tus</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d a" slots="Cmr V2">da</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="t͡ɕ a t͡ɕ u" underlying="t͡ɕ a t͡ɕ u ɡʷ">t͡ɕat͡ɕu</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ e" underlying="ɡ e t">ɡe</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="t u" underlying="t u s">tu</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="e t͡ʃ" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ŋ i ɡ ai ŋʷ">ŋiɡaiŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="f au t͡ʃ">faut͡ʃ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="t͡ɕ a t͡ɕ u" underlying="t͡ɕ a t͡ɕ u ɡʷ">t͡ɕat͡ɕu</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" ph="ɡ e" underlying="ɡ e t">ɡe</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f">af</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" ph="t u" underlying="t u s">tu</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="d" underlying="d a">d</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="e t͡ʃ" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="copy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ŋiɡaiŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="plur" gloss="3.plur" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">faut͡ʃ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mammal" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" underlying="t͡ɕ a t͡ɕ u ɡʷ">t͡ɕat͡ɕu</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">af</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">ɓem</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="bird" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" underlying="ɡ e t">ɡe</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def">af</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="sound" number="plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" tr="rheme" underlying="t u s">tu</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="d a">d</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" underlying="i t͡ʃ">et͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋiɡaiŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">copy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">faut͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕat͡ɕuɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">mammal</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓem</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡet</span><br><span class="gls">bird</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tus</span><br><span class="gls">sound</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-da</span><br><span class="gls">plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span></p> + <p>ŋiɡaiŋʷ ɓa faut͡ʃ t͡ɕat͡ɕudaf ɓem ɡedaf tudet͡ʃ</p> + <p>ngigaingw bba fauch tyatyudaf bbem gedaf tudech</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋiɡaiŋʷ</o> + <g>copy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>faut͡ʃ</o> + <g>3.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕat͡ɕuɡʷ</o> + <g>mammal</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓem</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡet</o> + <g>bird</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tus</o> + <g>sound</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-da</o> + <g>plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>arise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this">
<noun>langname</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>manner</noun>
<adj>different</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>arise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state" evidence="inferred"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this"> - <noun>langname</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>manner</noun> - <adj>different</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s connector="but"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> - <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
<s connector="but">
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
- <vp evidence="inferred" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module sequential:
-<s connector="but"> +<s connector="then"> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <relp> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module sentenceconnectors:
<s connector="then">
+ <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme">
+ <np role="obj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s connector="then"> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing"> <relp> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> </np> </relp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for arise/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/optional
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for langname/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for manner/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for different/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s connector="then">
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s connector="then"> + <flat> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <littrans>But XXX, which is our language, arose in a different way.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="sing"> - <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> - </relp> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s connector="then"> +<s connector="then" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="ŋ i n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋin</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s e b au k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">sebauk</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="ʃ i ɡ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʃiɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number" ph="ɲ au ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɲauŋʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k au t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">kaut͡ɕ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d i ʃ e ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">diʃeŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
<s connector="then" translation="">
<flat>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="ŋ i n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋin</word>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s e b au k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">sebauk</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s o b au k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="s e b au k">sobauk</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="ʃ i ɡ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʃiɡ</word>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number" ph="ɲ au ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɲauŋʷ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k au t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">kaut͡ɕ</word>
- <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d i ʃ e ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">diʃeŋ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word>
<thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy>
<thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word>
</flat>
</s>
applysandhi:
/ŋʷ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /ŋʷ//u/ + /i/ > // + /i/
/t͡ʃ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /t͡ʃ/
/i/ + /i/ > // + /i/
/t͡ɕ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /t͡ɕ/
/u/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/f/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/kʷ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /kʷ/
/i/ + /i/ > // + /i/
<s connector="then" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="ŋ i n" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ŋin</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s o b au k" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr" underlying="s e b au k">sobauk</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="ŋ i n">ŋin</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s o b au k" underlying="s e b au k">sobauk</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="ʃ i ɡ" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ʃiɡ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="ʃ i ɡ">ʃiɡ</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number" ph="ɲ au ŋʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">ɲauŋʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k au t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">kaut͡ɕ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ u" slots="Cmr V2" underlying="ɓ i">ɓu</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d i ʃ e ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">diʃeŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number" ph="ɲ au" underlying="ɲ au ŋʷ">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ" underlying="ɓ i">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t">fat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k au" underlying="k au t͡ɕ">kau</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ɕ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d i ʃ e ŋ">diʃeŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s connector="then" translation=""> <flat> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj" ph="ŋ i n">ŋin</word> - <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s o b au k" underlying="s e b au k">sobauk</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="ʃ i ɡ">ʃiɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number" ph="ɲ au" underlying="ɲ au ŋʷ">ɲau</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ŋʷ" underlying="ɓ i">ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t">fat</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" ph="k au" underlying="k au t͡ɕ">kau</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ɕ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ɕ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number" ph="d i ʃ e ŋ">diʃeŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj">ŋin</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="arise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" underlying="s e b au k">sobauk</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">ʃiɡ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="langname" def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" head="this" locus="number" underlying="ɲ au ŋʷ">ɲau</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">fat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" locus="number" role="owned" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="manner" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="k au t͡ɕ">kau</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ɕ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="different" number="sing" locus="number">diʃeŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">fas</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ŋin</span><br><span class="gls">then</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sebauk</span><br><span class="gls">arise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃiɡ</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɲauŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">langname</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fat</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀais</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">kaut͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">manner</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">diʃeŋ</span><br><span class="gls">different</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕikʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fas</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ŋin sobauk ɓa ʃiɡ ɲauŋʷit͡ʃ fat t͡ɕit͡ʃit͡ʃ ᵑǀais kaut͡ɕef diʃeŋ t͡ɕikʷit͡ʃ fas</p> + <p>ngin sobauk bba shig ñaungwich fat tyichich ncais kautyef disheng tyiquich fas</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ŋin</o> + <g>then</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sebauk</o> + <g>arise</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃiɡ</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɲauŋʷ</o> + <g>langname</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fat</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕit͡ʃ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀais</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>kaut͡ɕ</o> + <g>manner</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>diʃeŋ</o> + <g>different</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕikʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fas</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>appear</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>whole</adj>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<adj>perfect</adj>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np def="indef" number="sing">
<noun>breath</noun>
<adj>single</adj>
</np>
</pp>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>appear</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>whole</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <adj>perfect</adj> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np def="indef" number="sing"> - <noun>breath</noun> - <adj>single</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module articles:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np def="indef" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</s>
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> <np role="pred"> <conjp conj="and"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> </np> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
<np role="pred">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- <np role="pred">
+ <np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
module conjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
flattenconjp:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
</pp>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> </np> <np role="pred" number="plur"> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> </np> </np> <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> <np number="sing" locus="number"> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> </np> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> </pp> </s>calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for def/
defaultval: noun, def
returning not.def
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for appear/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for whole/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for perfect/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for breath/noun/def/obligatory
Got not.def
About to call getSlotValue for single/adj/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/case/optional
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for inside/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np role="pred" number="plur">
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/>
<np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred">
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/>
</np>
</np>
<pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside">
<np number="sing" locus="number">
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/>
</pp>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It appeared whole and perfect in a single breath</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np role="pred" number="plur"> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <np number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - </np> - </np> - <pp p="in" precise="no" location="inside"> - <np number="sing" locus="number"> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> - </pp> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ a t͡ɕ a m" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɡat͡ɕam</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="t͡ɕ e s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ɕes</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="t ai" slots="Cir V1">tai</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ɓ a ɲ i ɡ a t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">ɓaɲiɡat͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b i ɓ ai t" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">biɓait</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b u d a ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">budaŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/f/ + /t/ > // + /f//f/ + /ɓ/ > // + /f/
/t/ + /ɓ/ > // + /t/
/i/ + /a/ > // + /e/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/kʷ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /kʷ/
/i/ + /i/ > // + /i/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ a t͡ɕ a m" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">ɡat͡ɕam</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ a t͡ɕ a m">ɡat͡ɕam</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="t͡ɕ e s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ɕes</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="t ai" slots="Cir V1">tai</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ɓ e m" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ɓem</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="ɓ a ɲ i ɡ a t͡ɕ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">ɓaɲiɡat͡ɕ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b i ɓ ai t" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cmr">biɓait</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="a f" slots="V2 Cfs">af</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b u d a ŋ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr V2 Cfr">budaŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i kʷ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕikʷ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fas</word> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="t͡ɕ e s">t͡ɕes</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="f ai" underlying="t ai">fai</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="f a ɲ i ɡ a t͡ɕ" underlying="ɓ a ɲ i ɡ a t͡ɕ">faɲiɡat͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b i ɓ ai" underlying="b i ɓ ai t">biɓai</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t" underlying="ɓ i">t</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b u d a ŋ">budaŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ɡ a t͡ɕ a m">ɡat͡ɕam</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" ph="t͡ɕ e s">t͡ɕes</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="f ai" underlying="t ai">fai</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur" ph="ɓ e m">ɓem</word> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" ph="f a ɲ i ɡ a t͡ɕ" underlying="ɓ a ɲ i ɡ a t͡ɕ">faɲiɡat͡ɕ</word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number" ph="ᵑǀ ai s">ᵑǀais</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b i ɓ ai" underlying="b i ɓ ai t">biɓai</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t" underlying="ɓ i">t</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" attach="suffix" ph="e f" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy> - <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number" ph="b u d a ŋ">budaŋ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="kʷ" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside" ph="f a s">fas</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="appear" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ɡat͡ɕam</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">t͡ɕes</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="whole" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" underlying="t ai">fai</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" role="pred" number="plur">ɓem</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="perfect" number="sing" locus="number" role="pred" underlying="ɓ a ɲ i ɡ a t͡ɕ">faɲiɡat͡ɕ</word> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" locus="number">ᵑǀais</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="breath" number="sing" locus="number" underlying="b i ɓ ai t">biɓai</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">t</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="not.def" underlying="a f">ef</thingy> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="f"></thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="single" number="sing" locus="number">budaŋ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" underlying="t͡ɕ i kʷ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">kʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" precise="no" location="inside">fas</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡat͡ɕam</span><br><span class="gls">appear</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕes</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tai</span><br><span class="gls">whole</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓem</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓaɲiɡat͡ɕ</span><br><span class="gls">perfect</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǀais</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">biɓait</span><br><span class="gls">breath</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-af</span><br><span class="gls">not.def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">f-</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NOM</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">budaŋ</span><br><span class="gls">single</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕikʷ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fas</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span></p> + <p>ɡat͡ɕam ɓa t͡ɕes fai ɓem faɲiɡat͡ɕ ᵑǀais biɓaitef budaŋ t͡ɕikʷit͡ʃ fas</p> + <p>gatyam bba tyes fai bbem fañigaty ncais bibbaitef budang tyiquich fas</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɡat͡ɕam</o> + <g>appear</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕes</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tai</o> + <g>whole</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓem</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓaɲiɡat͡ɕ</o> + <g>perfect</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǀais</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>biɓait</o> + <g>breath</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-af</o> + <g>not.def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>f-</o> + <g>NOM</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>budaŋ</o> + <g>single</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕikʷ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fas</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes">
<verb>evolve</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct" negation="yes"> - <verb>evolve</verb> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> </vp> <np role="subj" tr="theme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </np> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
copyuptophrase:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
<np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM" number="plur">
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur"/> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for evolve/verb/voice/optionalGot active
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/case/optional
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for language/noun/def/obligatory
Got def
<s>
<littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans>
<vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+ <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>Our language did not evolve.</littrans> - <vp negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s a ɓ a ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">saɓaɡ</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɡʷis</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> + <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cir"></thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/t͡ʃ/ + /ɓ/ > // + /t͡ʃ//i/ + /i/ > // + /i/
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s a ɓ a ɡ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 Cfr">saɓaɡ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s a ɓ a ɡ">saɓaɡ</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɡʷis</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s">ɡʷis</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">fat</word> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t">fat</word> <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cir"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ" slots="Cir V1 Cmr">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="ɓ i" slots="Cmr V2">ɓi</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ" slots="V2 Cfs">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="s a ɓ a ɡ">saɓaɡ</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ɡʷ i s">ɡʷis</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="f a t">fat</word> - <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cir"></thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ i" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> - <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="t͡ʃ" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> - <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def" attach="suffix" ph="i t͡ʃ">it͡ʃ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="evolve" negation="NEG" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">saɓaɡ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="NEG">ɡʷis</thingy> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron" gloss="1incl.plur" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">fat</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" role="owned" tr="theme" case="NOM" underlying="t͡ɕ i t͡ʃ">t͡ɕi</word> + <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="ɓ i">t͡ʃ</thingy> + <thingy type="noundef" function="suffix" gloss="def">it͡ʃ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">saɓaɡ</span><br><span class="gls">evolve</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʷis</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fat</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕit͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">language</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ɓi</span><br><span class="gls">sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-it͡ʃ</span><br><span class="gls">def</span></span></p> + <p>saɓaɡ ɓa ɡʷis fat t͡ɕit͡ʃit͡ʃ</p> + <p>sabbag bba gwis fat tyichich</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>saɓaɡ</o> + <g>evolve</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʷis</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>fat</o> + <g>1incl.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕit͡ʃ</o> + <g>language</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-ɓi</o> + <g>sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>-it͡ʃ</o> + <g>def</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
initial XML:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>create</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron">
<noun>language</noun>
</np>
</s>cleanup:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>create</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron"> - <noun>language</noun> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/> </np> </s>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module sequential:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module complementise:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
</np>
</s>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="language"/>
+ <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create"/>
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
</np>
</s>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<s> <littrans>It was created.</littrans> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/> </np> </s>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for create/verb/voice/optionalGot active
<s>
<littrans>It was created.</littrans>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</s>
flatten:
<s> - <littrans>It was created.</littrans> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <flat> <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </s>
addvocab:
-<s> +<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ a ɡ a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">t͡ɕaɡa</word> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ e s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ɕes</word> </flat> </s>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ a ɡ a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1">t͡ɕaɡa</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ a ɡ a">t͡ɕaɡa</word> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a" slots="Cis V2">ɓa</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ e s" slots="Cir V1 Cfr">t͡ɕes</word> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ e s">t͡ɕes</word> </flat> </s>
removetags:
<s translation=""> <flat> - <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="t͡ɕ a ɡ a">t͡ɕaɡa</word> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active" attach="suffix" ph="" slots="V1 V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ɓ a">ɓa</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2 Cfs"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t͡ɕ e s">t͡ɕes</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="create" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">t͡ɕaɡa</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="enclitic" gloss="PAST">ɓa</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" role="obj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ɕes</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕaɡa</span><br><span class="gls">create</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓa</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ɕes</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing</span></span></p> + <p>t͡ɕaɡa ɓa t͡ɕes</p> + <p>tyaga bba tyes</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕaɡa</o> + <g>create</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓa</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ɕes</o> + <g>3.sing</g> + </w> + </il> </s>
Ngwosub gwis fat codaf fuqu. Dasof bba bbonef bbem tyaisef fauch tyidech. Ngigaingw bba fauch tyatyudaf bbem gedaf tudech. Ngin sobauk bba shig ñaungwich fat tyichich ncais kautyef disheng tyiquich fas. Gatyam bba tyes fai bbem fañigaty ncais bibbaitef budang tyiquich fas. Sabbag bba gwis fat tyichich, tyaga bba tyes.
We are not like other people. Their languages were shaped by struggle and time. They copied the sounds of beasts and birds, and they learned to speak like that. But our language arose in a different way. It was born whole and perfect in a single breath. Our language did not evolve; it was created.
Language creation took 0.02 seconds; writing the texts 0.03 seconds.